Confucius, whose real name is Qiu, was born in Shandong (now Yancheng County, Shandong Province, southeast of Qufu City) in the late Spring and Autumn Period. Confucius' ancestors were descendants of Shang Dynasty. After the destruction of Yin in Zhou Dynasty, Cabbage was appointed as his brother and Shangqiu (now Shangqiu, Henan Province) was established as his capital. After Wei died, his younger brother succeeded to the throne.
Fourth, Sun Fu's father He, the 1 1 ancestor of Confucius, should have succeeded Song Gong, but gave way to his younger brother. From then on, the descendants of the couple no longer inherited the throne, but were named Qing, which was passed down from generation to generation, and its fief was chestnut (now Xiayi, Henan).
From Fu Fu to Jia, the sixth ancestor of Confucius, five generations later. From then on, his descendants began to take Kong as their surname. This is the origin of Kong's surname. Jiazi handed down three generations to Shu. Kong's great-grandfather and uncle moved to Lu to escape the civil strife in the Song Dynasty. Confucius' father, Liang Shu (Liang Shu) is a word that should be called after modern people? Brother Kong? , but it was once called in history? Kong is a famous military commander in Lu. He used to be a doctor, so he is also called? Uncle? .
Shu married Shi first and had nine daughters and no children. His concubine has a son named Meng Pi, but because of his foot disease, he is not suitable for inheritance. In his later years, Shu married a young woman, Yan Zhizai, and gave birth to Confucius. It is said that when Confucius was born, the middle of his head was concave; Because her mother Yan went to the mud hill (Yi Nishan, in the southeast of Qufu) to pray for God, and then she became pregnant, so her parents took Confucius as the hill. ? Clock? It means second place.
The essence of Confucius' thoughts and theories can be found in The Analects. What is The Analects of Confucius? On language compilation? , that is? Quotations? The meaning of. The content of The Analects focuses on ethical education, including philosophy, history, politics, economy, art and religion. From it, we can see a lot of social and political life at that time, Confucius' views on politics, social ideals and education, as well as Confucius and his disciples' personality cultivation, academic attitude and way of dealing with the world. The meaning is clear, the philosophy is profound and thought-provoking. As a Confucian classic, it has a great influence on later generations.
Of course, there are inevitably some elimination factors in Confucius' thought. Political and ideological conservatism, contempt for women, contempt for labor, etc. , need to be eliminated.