The Origin and Development of Tai Ji Chuan
Among the various schools and types of martial arts in China, none is as popular and famous as Tai Ji Chuan. The reason is not only because Tai Ji Chuan has the characteristics of tenderness, lingering, internal and external cultivation, and illness-removing and longevity, which makes it suitable for all ages; The most fundamental reason is that Tai Ji Chuan can embody the personality characteristics of the Chinese nation. After studying Tai Ji Chuan, a foreign friend said: Tai Ji Chuan is the expression of China people's philosophy of life in Wushu. Therefore, more and more international friends interested in China's traditional culture began to practice Tai Ji Chuan. Today, Tai Ji Chuan has gone abroad and is becoming a favorite sport of people all over the world. From this point of view, Tai Ji Chuan no longer has national boundaries and barriers; It has gone beyond the scope of culture and belongs to the natural attribute of human beings.
? Tai Chi? This concept belongs to the natural concept in China's ancient philosophy. First seen in Yi? Resign:? Yi has Tai Chi, is it two instruments? In other words, these two instruments (Yin and Yang) evolved from Tai Chi. Zheng Xuan said? Tai Chi? what's up What's wrong with you and your single-minded spirit? , that is? Tai Chi? It is the muddy vitality of heaven and earth and the source of all things. What if it comes from modern times? BIGBANG？ Theoretically, before the birth of the universe, it was a pure energy particle without matter, time and space. Because of this big explosion of pure energy particles, the universe and celestial bodies were formed, and the spatial movement of celestial bodies produced orderly time, so there was the change, development and law of matter. China's ancient philosophy? Tai Chi? It is equivalent to this pure energy particle without time and space and matter. Lao zi and Zhuang zi all advocate it? Nothing? . Wei and Bi? Tai Chi? Interpreted as? Nothing? . He said:? If you have a husband, you must start from scratch, so Tai Chi gives birth to two instruments. Tai Chi, no name? ("Zhouyi Note"). Everything in the universe (including human beings) is called existence. All tangible things have yin and yang, which promote the development and evolution of things because of the interaction of yin and yang, but they all begin in the end. Nothing? Namely. Tai Chi? .
The fundamental feature that distinguishes Tai Ji Chuan from other kinds of boxing is that it applies the philosophy of Yin and Yang Taiji to boxing theory.
As for the origin of Tai Ji Chuan, opinions vary, and it doesn't matter much. We say that Tai Ji Chuan is the product of China culture and the common wealth of mankind.
However, judging from the popular and widely circulated Tai Ji Chuan species, its origin should be attributed to Chen, the ninth ancestor of Chen family in Chenjiagou, wen county, Henan. He was a war general in the late Ming Dynasty (about 1600 ~ 1680). After the death of the Ming Dynasty, he lived in seclusion and worked hard at boxing in his later years. What are the "long and short sentences" in Chen's posthumous works? Up to now, I am old and exhausted, and finally there is only one volume of Huang Ting left. Make a fist when you are free and plow when you are busy? Sentence. Huang Tingjing was written by Wei in the Western Jin Dynasty. The combination of Taoism and medical thought is called by Taoism? Learn the immortal jade method and practice the golden rule? It is a classic for monks to cultivate their self-cultivation. Therefore, under the guidance of Taoist philosophy, Chen innovated and developed on the basis of inheritance, and gradually evolved into a unique Tai Ji Chuan variety. To sum up, Chen's boxing creation mainly comes from three sources: on the basis of his family's boxing, he learned from others, such as Qi Jiguang's Thirty-two Potential of Boxing Classics and Mao Changquan. , created the Tai Ji Chuan routine. (2) Apply Taoist breathing guidance and pay attention to guiding actions with ideas. Experience the abdomen? ,? Move qi with your mind and transport your body with qi? Qi-moving method. ③ Combining boxing with philosophy and medicine by applying the ancient theory of Yin and Yang (Taiji two instruments) and the theory of meridians in traditional Chinese medicine.
What else is there in the early Chen Tai Chi? Chen's 108 potential long fist? During the Qianlong period, Chenjiagou was lost and spread by disciple Guo Yongfu in Hongdong, Shanxi. I went to 1975 to 1976 twice and got it back from Mr. Xu. So it can be said that it is the oldest existing Tai Ji Chuan routine. Unfortunately, Chen Taiji did not completely inherit the original five weapons and cannon hammers. What's left? Chen's 108 potential long fist? Chen Tai Ji Chuan's big and small racks, No.1 and No.2 (cannon hammer) and pushers, as well as various equipment routines such as knives, guns, swords, sticks, mallets, hammers and poles.
In the long-term spread, many schools have evolved in Tai Ji Chuan. Among them, Chen, Yang, Wu, Sun, Wu and other schools are widely spread and have their own characteristics. In order to adapt to more and more people's practice, simplified 24-style Tai Ji Chuan and 48-style Tai Ji Chuan appeared later. In order to facilitate the competition and unify the norms, Tai Ji Chuan, sword and other competition routines appeared again.
General characteristics of Tai Ji Chuan
Tai Ji Chuan has a unique style and distinctive features in attack and defense. It requires static braking, combining rigidity and softness, avoiding reality and being empty, leveraging strength, and advocating that everything should be carried out objectively, coexist with others, and be dull. ? He didn't move, but he moved first? ,? First come, first go? , introduce opponents, make it weightless failure, or disperse the other side's strength, take advantage of it, and fight back with all your strength. Tai Ji Chuan's principle of attack and defense is embodied in the training of pushing hands and routine movements, which can not only train people's physical qualities such as reaction ability, strength and speed, but also has very important significance in the training of attack and defense fighting.
Tai Ji Chuan's attack and defense methods all follow the principle of Yin and Yang. Inducing compound hair? For the main attack and defense process. In attack and defense, listen to perceive the strength and direction of the opponent's coming. Go with the flow and change its path? In the future, force will be induced first, and then force will be exerted.
Tai Ji Chuan's eight forces: flexion (for resolving or Qi Xin's concerted attack), sliding (for taking advantage of backward attraction), squeezing (footwall bending), pressing (footwall bending or anti-joint grip) and pulling (combining the opponent's strength with force or grip). Its characteristics:? Combine rigidity with softness, wait for action, be round and straight, overcome the big with small, and overcome the strong with weak? .
comprehensiveness
Tai Ji Chuan is a comprehensive systematic project and a comprehensive subject with the traditional cultural characteristics of the Han nationality. It involves the problems of man and society, man and nature, and the human body itself, including classical literature, physics, health preservation, medicine, martial arts, physiology, psychology, sports biomechanics, etc. , which embodies the world outlook, outlook on life, morality, outlook on life and competition of oriental literature.
adaptability
Tai Ji Chuan's movements are soft and slow, and the boxing style is not difficult to learn. Moreover, the height of posture and the amount of exercise can be different according to the individual's physique, which can meet the needs of different ages and constitutions. It is not a patent for the elderly and the weak. Whether it is theoretical research or personal practice, whether it is to improve one's technology and skills, or to prolong one's life and preserve one's health, one can participate in Tai Ji Chuan and gain one's own needs from it.
safe
Tai Ji Chuan's relaxed and supple movement features smooth movements without exertion, which can not only eliminate the original stiff strength of boxing practitioners, but also avoid the damage of muscles, joints, ligaments and other organs. It can not only change people's habit and instinct of exertion, but also avoid the possibility of chest tightness, tension and qi and blood obstruction caused by improper exertion and breathing.
Ten essentials of practicing Tai Ji Chuan.
1, the top strength of Virtual Spirit
Better than the above, hold your head high, there are gods in the world. Don't use force, if you use force, your neck will be strong, and your blood will not circulate, which will mean that you are deficient in essence and deficient in nature. Unless there is an empty spirit, the spirit cannot be mentioned.
2, including chest pull back
There is a little connotation in the chest, and the gas sinks in the abdomen. Avoid chest. If it protrudes, it will pneumothorax. Your heels will float easily if you put more weight on the top and less weight on the bottom. People who pull their backs put gas on their backs. If they can hold their chests out, they can pull their backs. They can pull it back, they can pull it back, and they are invincible.
Step 3 sink your shoulders and lower your elbows
For people with heavy shoulders, their shoulders will sag. If you can't droop and lift your shoulders, your qi will follow you up and you will feel weak all over.
If the elbow is drooping, it means that the elbow is drooping downwards. If the elbow droops, the shoulder can't sink, and the release is not far away, which is close to the breaking force of my family.
4. Up and down.
Those who follow up and down, that is, as Tai Chi Chuan said, are rooted in the feet, originated from the legs, dominated by the waist, shaped by the fingers, and from the feet to the legs and waist, they must always be complete. Manual, waist moving, feet moving, eyes moving, so it can be said that money moves with it. If you don't move, you will disperse.
5. Internal and external integration
Tai Chi is practiced by God, so it goes: God is a coach, as a driver? . The spirit can be mentioned, and the natural action is light.
The shelf is nothing more than open and closed. The so-called openers not only let go of their hands and feet, but also open their minds with them. The so-called craftsman not only combines hands and feet, but also combines heart and hands. If it can be integrated inside and outside, it will be seamless.
6. Continuous connection
The power of foreign boxing is acquired, so there are ups and downs, broken wires, the old power is exhausted, and new power is not born. This time is the easiest time to be used. The original intention of Taiji Chuan is not difficult. From beginning to end, cycle after cycle, cycle after cycle. What was the original theory? As endless as the Yangtze River? Another day? As strong as silk? All the words are consistent.
7. Seek quietness while moving
Waijiaquan, with jumping and falling as its energy, uses all its strength, so no one breathes after practice. Tai Chi uses static resistance to movement, although it is still static, so the slower the shelf, the better. If you make it, take a deep breath, and the gas sinks in the abdomen, so the blood is harmless. Scholars can only get their meaning if they adjourn cautiously.
8, loose waist
The waist is the master of the whole body, which can relax the waist, then make your feet strong and the footwall stable. The change of reality depends on the waist to rotate, so: The source of fate is in the waist? I can't help it. There must be requirements in my waist and legs.
9, according to the actual situation
The first meaning of Taijiquan is to distinguish between reality and falsehood. If the whole body is sitting on the right leg, the right leg is solid and the left leg is empty. If the whole body is sitting on the left leg, the left leg is real and the right leg is empty. Virtual and real can be separated, and then the light spirit can turn effortlessly. If it can't be divided, it will be depressed, unstable and easily influenced by others.
10, it is not difficult to use your heart.
Taiji legend: it's all about heart, not force. It's inconvenient to practice Tai Chi to untie the whole body, let him stay between the bones and muscles to bind himself, and then change lightly and turn himself into a circle.
Or how to increase strength without exertion? There are meridians in the human body, such as geosyncline, which is not blocked, but the meridians are not closed, so qi is flowing. If the whole body is stiff, the meridians are blocked, the qi and blood are stagnant, and the rotation is ineffective, then the whole body will make a move.
If you don't exert yourself, you have intention, you get what you want, and you are angry. If your qi and blood are flowing, you will lose it day by day, and it will keep flowing all over your body. After practicing for a long time, you will get real inner strength, that is, Tai Chi legend? Very soft, and then very hard? Yes
Tai Chi Chuan, a kung fu master, has arms as heavy as cotton wrapped in iron. People who practice foreign boxing are very powerful when they use force, and frivolous when they don't use force, which shows that their strength is the power of external forces floating on the surface. Efforts without intention are the easiest to provoke, but this is not enough.