1, from the won surname, is a descendant of Zhuan Xu Di Levin. In the Yao era, he served as the official in charge of the prison in Dali, and his son Boyi was given the surname of Won, and his descendants inherited the position of Dali for three generations. According to the custom at that time, their descendants took Guan as their surname and called Li. There are two ways to change Li's name to Li's. There is a saying: In the Shang and Zhou Dynasties, Li Zheng, a descendant of Hao Tao, was an official in North Korea. He offended Shang Zhouwang by telling her and was executed. When his wife Qihe fled with her son Li Zhen, she survived by eating plums. She dared not say Li, so she changed her surname to Li. Another way of saying it is: According to the surname test, there was no Li before the week. Because there is a Lao Tzu named Li, his name is Er, and he is a descendant of Li Zhen, so he is also named Li, because his ancestor is an official of Li, and Li and Li have the same ancient sound. Apparently, Li began to call himself by his surname in Li Er.

2. Change his surname from his home. During the Three Kingdoms period, Zhuge Liangping gave his surname Zhao, Zhang, Yang, Li and other local ethnic minorities after his funeral. Xianbei people have a compound surname of Li, which was changed to Chinese character Li after sinicization. It's for Li in Luoyang.

3. From his surname to Li. According to relevant records, the founding fathers of the Tang Dynasty included Xu, An, Du, Guo, Ma, Xian Yu and other generals 16 who were given the Tang surname for their meritorious military service.

4. During the Spring and Autumn Period, Wu Anjun, the general of Zhao State, was replaced by Li Zuoche, who later took Li Ming as his surname.

5. It was the Northern Wei Dynasty whose surname was changed. In the Northern Wei Dynasty, Li and other surnames were reprimanded on behalf of the North. After Emperor Xiaowen entered the Central Plains, he changed his surname to Li. See Wei's clan annals.

6. Existing surnames of ethnic minorities. Yanbian Koreans are generally surnamed Li.

Second, the county hall number

1, hall number

The "Longxi Guild Hall" was named after Li's expectation of Longxi County.

2. Wang Jun

Longxi County: A county was established during the Warring States Period. The ancestor of this Li family is Li Chong, the eldest son of Li Tan, Qin Situ.

Zhao County: A county was established in the Han Dynasty. The ancestor of this Li family is Li Mu, the second son of Li Ji, a famous teacher in Qin Dynasty.

Dunqiu County: A county was established in the Western Jin Dynasty. This branch of Li's in Longxi, Gansu Province was founded by Li Guang 1, a famous Western Han Dynasty.

Zhongshan county: the county of Emperor Henkel. This branch of Li is a branch of Zhao, and its ancestor is Ricky, the third word.

Guanghan County: A county was established in the Han Dynasty. This branch of Li is named after Li in Longxi, and its ancestor is Li Shang (Li Guang's father).

In the history of China, Li Jianli has the most regimes, which is relatively rare in China's surname. More than 60 people, including Li, successively claimed the title of emperor and king, and established the regimes of Dacheng, Xiliang, Wu, Wei, Tang, Chu, Later Tang, Nantang, Dashu, Xixia and Dashun. Let's talk about the Tang Dynasty, which was founded in 6 18 and died in 907. * * * After 290 years, there were 24 emperors. In the early stage, the country was strong and its territory was vast. In the heyday of the second half of the 7th century, it reached the upper reaches of Lake Baikal and Yenisei River in the north, Caspian Sea in the northwest and Sea of Japan in the northeast. The Tang Dynasty was a dynasty with far-reaching influence in the history of China. Externally, four foreigners came to pay tribute, and Taizong called it "Tiankhan"; Internally, political civilization and people live and work in peace and contentment. Zhenguan and Kaiyuan rule are famous in history, which created the wise rule of Li Tianxia.

In addition to Li Tang, Li Xian proclaimed himself emperor in the early Eastern Han Dynasty and established political power in Lujiang County. In the Western Jin Dynasty, Li Xiong established Dacheng, and in the west of Gansu, Li Jianli established Xiliang regime. At the end of Sui Dynasty, Gui Li regime claimed to be King Liang, Li Zitong claimed to be Emperor Wu in Yangzhou, Wagang claimed to be Duke Wei in Luokou, Li of Shatuo nationality, established the later Tang Dynasty, Nantang in Li Jianli, and Li Xilie claimed to be Emperor Chu in Kaifeng. In the early Northern Song Dynasty, Li Shun claimed to be king.

First of all, it saved Li's life.

Li is the first surname in China, with a prosperous clan and a large number, far above other surnames. It is said that there are about 65438+ billion people surnamed Li today. If all the people surnamed Li in the world stand side by side, they can go around the earth for a week and a half.

According to historical records, Yuan Lee was a direct descendant of Emperor Levin of Zhuan Xu. Zhuan Xu has a grandson named Hao Tao, who is the housekeeper of Emperor Yao. Li Guan specializes in the reasoning of prison proceedings. Some are like contemporary judges. At that time, the official position was popular as the surname, and Li was also the surname.

At the end of Shang Dynasty, a descendant of Hao Tao, a man named Li Zheng, was loyal to Zhou Wang and made many remonstrances. At that time, Zhou Wang was tyrannical and indulgent, and the rulers and people hated him. Zhou Wang was annoyed with Richard's repeated persuasion, so he killed Richard. After hearing the news, Li Zheng's wife Qihe fled with her youngest son, Li Zhen. Qihe's family was originally from Chen State (now Huaiyang, Henan Province), and wanted to escape back to her family, but she was afraid of bringing trouble to her family, so she fled to western Henan. When we arrived at the "Houyi Market" in yi river Valley in western Henan (that is, the place where Houyi once lived and was later abandoned), the mother and son were already hungry and exhausted, and Xiao Lizhen was dying. There is no one there and it is impossible to find food. Fortunately, Qi Heshi found some "Mu Zi" (wild fruits) on nearby wild trees, and they picked them and ate them, which saved their lives. Mother and son fled to eastern Henan and settled in Guxian (now Lu Yi, Henan), not too far from Huaiyang. In order to show gratitude for saving his life, and to let Li He avoid the pursuit, He Zizhen began to change his surname to Li. This is the origin of the surname Li.

After the formation of the Li clan, it was mainly divided into two branches, one in Longxi (now Gansu) and the other in Zhaojun (now Hebei). Li in Longxi, Li Yuan's. After the establishment of the Tang Dynasty, it achieved unprecedented development. Li in Zhao County has also become a local noble family, constantly expanding to all parts of the country and settling in every corner. A large-scale southward migration took place in 880 AD. Due to the Huang Chao Uprising at the end of the Tang Dynasty, the Li family moved south on a large scale in order to find a peaceful place.

There are countless celebrities named Li in history. From Li Er (Laozi) in the Spring and Autumn Period, there were General Li Mu in the Warring States Period, General Li Guang in the Han Dynasty, and the famous Prince Ma Shimi of the State of Jin. There are many poets in the Tang Dynasty, including Li Bai, Li He and Li Shangyin, military strategist Li Jing and calligrapher Li Yong. In the Southern Tang Dynasty, there was Li Yu, the leader of the Central Committee; Li Qingzhao, a thinker in Song Dynasty; There was an outstanding physician Li Shizhen in the Ming Dynasty; Li Zicheng, the leader of peasant uprising in the late Ming Dynasty; Li Yu, a drama theorist in Qing Dynasty; Novelist Li; Li, leader of Westernization School; In modern times, there was Li Dazhao, one of the founders of China's * * * production party; Famous geologist Li Siguang; Li Fuchun and Li Xiannian, outstanding representatives of a large number of patriots surnamed Li, not only won the honor for Li, but also created immortal feats for the Chinese nation.

Second, Li's celebrity effect

1. Laozi, the ancestor of Taoism

Laozi, surnamed Li Minger and Bo Yang, was a thinker and founder of Taoism in the Spring and Autumn Period. Legend has it that he is the author of Laozi.

According to legend, Laozi was from Zhou Pingwang in the early Spring and Autumn Period, and once Confucius asked him a question (Confucius was from the late Spring and Autumn Period), so Laozi lived for more than 200 years. Some people say that he lived to that old age because he cultivated life. Later generations followed suit, and seeking immortality became the top priority of many emperors and ministers in previous dynasties, and Taoism flourished. Laozi is also regarded as a leader, calling himself "the old gentleman on the throne".

Laozi is the main embodiment of his thought. He explained the evolution of all things in the universe with "Tao" and put forward the viewpoint that "Tao gives birth to one, two, three and three things", which had a great influence on the development of China's philosophy. Many later scholars absorbed his thoughts from different angles.

2. A generation of famous gentleman Li Shimin

Li Shimin, the second son of Emperor Taizong, Tang Gaozu Li Yuan, was a successful emperor in the history of China.

In his early years, he fought against Sui with his father and made great achievements. Successively suppressed and subdued Dou Jiande, Liu Heita, Xue, Wang and other separatist forces. After Tang Gaozu proclaimed himself emperor, he named Li Shimin "King of Qin". Li Chengjian, the prince, envied him and set him up with another brother, Li Yuanji.

When Li Shimin learned of this, he staged a coup in Xuanwu Gate, killing Li and Li Yuanji, and killing many relatives and family members of them. Afterwards, he forced Gaozu to hand over the imperial power, which is known as the "Xuanwu Gate Change".

Emperor Taizong was good at coachable. He had a famous minister named Wei Zhi, and even if Emperor Taizong was furious, he often came out to remonstrate. After Wei Zhi died, Taizong cried and said, "I lost a mirror!" Emperor Taizong appointed people on their merits and adopted some enlightened policies and measures to benefit the country and the people and develop the economy steadily. Historically, his reign was called "the rule of chastity".

In the fifteenth year of Zhenguan (AD 64 1 year), Tubo Zappong Zagambo was very envious of the culture of the Tang Dynasty, and sent Daxiang (equivalent to the prime minister) Lu Dongzan to Chang 'an with 5000 taels of gold and hundreds of treasures to propose to the royal family. For the friendship between China and Tibet, Emperor Taizong promised to marry Princess Wencheng. After Princess Wencheng entered Tibet, there were frequent exchanges between China and Tibet, and advanced Chinese culture was introduced into Tubo, which greatly promoted the production and cultural development of Tubo.

3. "Poet Fairy" Li Bai

Li Bai, the word Taibai, was a great poet in the Tang Dynasty.

Li Bai showed his talent and wrote poems when he was young. At the age of 25, he traveled abroad and got to know the then Prince's guest He in Chang 'an. They hit it off at once. He Zhangzhi especially appreciates Li Bai's poems. It is said that when he read Shu Dao Nan and Wu Qi Qu, he was ecstatic, thinking that such poems could make the gods cry. He excitedly took off the scarab from his belt and invited someone out to have a drink with Li Bai. He marveled at Li Bai's magnificent poems and elegant demeanor and joked, "Did you come down to earth with a white Venus?" Later, some people called Li Bai "fallen immortal".

Li Bai is a drinker, and he is informal. The poems he wrote when he was drunk were particularly impressive, and he could discuss politics with people who didn't drink. His insights are incisive and unmistakable, and no one can match them. At that time, people called Li Bai a "drunken saint".

In the early years of Tianbao, Li Bai was appreciated by Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty, who often asked him to write letters and letters. It was October, and it was cold, so my pen froze and I couldn't write. Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty ordered the maid-in-waiting to serve Li Bai, picked up the pen and thawed it with his mouth, and then gave it to Li Bai, calling it a "beauty pen".

4. Emperor Li Yu

Li Yu, formerly known as Jia Cong,No. Zhong Yin,No. Lian Feng Jushi, was a famous poet in the Southern Tang Dynasty in the Five Dynasties, and was known as Li Houzhu.

Li Yu is not only good at poetry and music, but also good at calligraphy. He writes in a twisted shape with a vibrating pen, which is very vigorous and looks like a cold bamboo. He was named "Jin Cuodao". He is good at appreciating, and he likes Yan Zhenqing's books in Tang Dynasty least. He said that Yan's books were good but not good, which made him lose Wang Xizhi's tendon, just like Han (a plowman).

Li Yu was famous for his ci, but he died because of it. Song Jun attacked Nantang and Li Yu was captured. He often goes to Lacrimosa, and his lyrics and songs often reveal strong sentimental feelings. On one occasion, he wrote Yu Meiren: "When are the spring flowers and the autumn moon? What do you know about the past! The small building was easterly again last night, and the old country could not bear to look back on the moon. Carved fences and jade bricks should still exist, but Zhu Yan changed them. How much sadness can you have? Just like a river flowing eastward! " Song Taizong was furious when he heard that, and poisoned Li Yu with poisoned wine.

5. King Li Zicheng

Li Zicheng, whose real name is Hongji, was born in Mizhi, Shaanxi, and was the leader of the peasant uprising in the late Ming Dynasty.

Li Zicheng was born in a peasant family. He worked as a shepherd for the landlord when he was a child. Later, he joined the rebels in Gao Yingxiang. He fought bravely and was called a "brave soldier".

After Gao Yingxiang's death, Li Zicheng was promoted to king. 1640, according to the strategy of the Ministry, Li Zicheng put forward the slogan "There is no food in the world" in view of the severe famine in the Central Plains, the fact that most of the cultivated land in Henan was occupied by the imperial clan of the Ming Dynasty and farmers did not have enough to eat. Warmly welcomed by the peasants, the people defected to the rebel army one after another, and the troops quickly developed to one million. The following year, the rebels attacked Luoyang, killed King Axe, and used money and food from Wang Fu and wealthy families to help the hungry people. The people sang the song "Welcome the King and Don't Receive Grain" and lined the streets to welcome Li Zicheng's army.

1644, Li Zicheng invaded Beijing, and Emperor Chongzhen hanged himself in Jingshan Park (now Jingshan, Beijing). However, the rebel leader made the mistake of complacency. General Liu Zongmin occupied Chen Yuanyuan, the concubine of Wu Sangui. In a rage, Wu Sangui led the Qing soldiers into the customs, and later there was a saying that "rushing to the crown is a beauty". Under the joint attack of the Qing army and the Wu Sangui army, the insurgents were losing ground, and Li Zicheng was killed in Jiugongshan, Tongxian County, Hubei Province.