Jiangxi, as a clear administrative regional system, began in the early years of Emperor Gaozu. In 202 BC, Liu Bang, Emperor Gaozu of Han Dynasty, sent Guan Ying, who won the title, to lead the troops to Nanchang to build Nanchang City, commonly known as Guan Ying City. Taking the meaning of "prosperity in southern Xinjiang" and "prosperity in southern China", it was named "Nanchang", which was under the jurisdiction of Zhang Yu County and Hongzhou County in the early Sui Dynasty.
During the Tang and Song Dynasties, it was under the jurisdiction of Jiangnan West Road and Hongzhou, and it was a famous city in the southeast, so it was also called "Hongdu". In ancient Jiangxi, the fine tradition of reading became a common practice. According to legend, Tan Taiming, a disciple of Confucius, first spread the Central Plains culture in Jiangxi. From the Sui and Tang Dynasties, China selected talents through the imperial examination system. By the Qing Dynasty, there were 98,689 national Jinshi, and Jiangxi Jinshi 10506, accounting for 10.7%.
There are 724 national champions and 4 1 person in Jiangxi, accounting for 5.6%. There are six other Wushu champions in Jiangxi. Jiangxi is also the birthplace of Buddhism and Taoism, forming a large religious faction. Taoism is a native religion in China. Longhu Mountain in Jiangxi is the birthplace of orthodox Taoism, which was founded by Zhang Daoling in Han Dynasty and his great-grandson Zhang Sheng.
Zhang Daoling was honored by Zhang Sheng as "the teacher of teaching and learning, the teacher of heaven", so he was also called "Shi Tian Daoism" or "Zhengyi", and was the originator of Taoism in China. After the Jin and Yuan Dynasties, the orthodox school confronted the Quanzhen school and became a unique school. Tolin Temple in Lushan Mountain is the birthplace of Pure Land Sect, one of the top ten schools of Buddhism in China. Its founder was a monk in Hui Yuan in the Jin Dynasty.
Therefore, Tianshifu in Longhu Mountain, Jiangxi Province and Tolin Temple in Lushan Mountain have always been national key temples. In recent years, many Buddhists from other places, Japan and South Korea have come to worship. In addition, Jiangxi agriculture has been dominated by rice cultivation since ancient times. After the Sui and Tang Dynasties, the national economic center of gravity moved south, Jiangxi's land was further developed, and its economy flourished, making it an important grain production base in the country.
Tea planting and processing have also made great progress, ranking first in the country in quantity and quality. At the same time, pottery, shipbuilding and silver-copper smelting also occupy a leading position in the country. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, Jiangxi became the center of China's paper industry and cloth-based textile industry. With the development of agriculture and handicrafts, a number of industrial and commercial towns with their own characteristics have been formed.
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Evolution of Jiangxi's organizational system
The development history of Jiangxi can be traced back to the Paleolithic Age 10,000 years ago.
There are John (Jiangxi and Guangdong) and Bai Pu in Jiangxi, and the note in Xunzi's Persuasion is "the name of John's ancient country". It has entered the Bronze Age, which is consistent with the level of economic and cultural development in the Central Plains. During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, Wu, Yue and Chu fought for Jiangxi.
Thirty-six counties in Qin Dynasty, Jiujiang County in Jiangxi Province, include Luling County, Xinxian County and Nanxian County. Jiangxi, as a clear administrative regional system, began in the early years of Emperor Gaozu. At that time, Zhang Yu County (Ganjiang was originally named Zhang Yuhe) was set up, which governed Nanchang County and 18 County.
Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty designated the whole country as 13 prison area, called 13 county, and Jiangxi belonged to Yangzhou secretariat department. In the fifth year of Di Xian Jian 'an (200 years), Sun Ce enfeoffed Luling County and Yudu County. In the 15th year of Jian 'an (2 10), Sun Quan established Pengze County (Imperial concubine of Xuan) and Poyang County. In the fifth year of Jiahe (236), Sun Quan was a captain in Lulingnan and moved to Yangzhou.
During the Sui Dynasty, the administrative divisions were adjusted, and the level of the state was the same as that of the county, so there were 7 counties and 24 counties in Jiangxi in the Sui Dynasty. In the Tang Dynasty, it increased to 8 states and 37 counties.
In the first year of Zhenguan of Emperor Taizong (627), the whole country was designated as 10 monitoring area, and Jiangxi belonged to Jiangnan Road. In the 21st year of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty (733), it was increased to 15 Road, belonging to Jiangnan West Road. Its supervision area governs eight states and Hongzhou (Nanchang).
Jiangxi was first under the jurisdiction of Wu, and then under the jurisdiction of Southern Tang. During this period, there appeared a new administrative division equivalent to the lower state: 6 states, 4 armies and 55 counties. In the first year of Jiaotai (958), the Southern Tang Dynasty decided to build Nandu in Hongzhou, and therefore promoted Hongzhou to Nanchang Prefecture.
In the Song Dynasty, it was divided into roads above the state, and Jiangnan Road was initially set up. In the fourth year of Tianxi (A.D. 1020), Jiangnan Road was divided into Jiangnan East Road and Jiangnan West Road, and there were 9 states, 4 armies and 68 counties in Jiangxi. Most of them belong to Jiangnan West Road, which still governs Hongzhou, and some of them belong to Jiangnan East Road.
The Yuan Dynasty began to establish a provincial book system in banks (referred to as provincial books for short). The jurisdiction of Jiangxi Province is greater than that of Jiangxi Province. Except for most of today's Jiangxi (formerly northeast Jiangxi belongs to Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces) and most of today's Guangdong Province. Jiangxi province governs 13 road, 2 zhili states, 48 counties and 16 county-level states.
Although the Ming Dynasty basically retained the provincial organizational system of the Yuan Dynasty, it changed Zhongshu Province into Chengxuan and Bu Zhi Department, and changed from the government to the county. Jiangxi Chengxuan Bureaucratic Division governs 78 counties in 13, which is basically equivalent to today's Jiangxi provinces and regions.
In the Qing Dynasty, Jiangxi was changed to Jiangxi Province, and the administrative region basically inherited the Ming system. Three county-level halls, namely, Ji 'an Lotus Hall, Nanchang Tonggu Hall and Ganzhou Qiannan Hall, were added, and Ningdu County was promoted to provincial Zhili Prefecture. The Governor-General has become the chief executive of the province, and has two departments, namely, the department that undertakes propaganda and decision-making bureau and the department that submits judgments and formulates judges, and is responsible for civil affairs, finance and judicial supervision.
Jiangxi province governs 8 1 county. Wuyuan County was transferred from Anhui to Jiangxi in 1934, back to Anhui in 1947, and back to Jiangxi in 1949.
In 20 14, Jiangxi province was listed as a national rural informatization demonstration province. On June 20 16, Ganjiang new district became a national new district of 18.
Baidu Encyclopedia _ Jiangxi Historical and Cultural Knowledge
Baidu encyclopedia _ Jiangxi