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Changji, why is it called Changji?
In addition, since the Yuan Dynasty, in addition to the title of "Yang Ji Ba Li", there are other titles in historical records, such as "Chang Ba Li", "Zhang Ba Li", "Za Ba Li" and "Chang Ba Li". According to the research of China scholars, these appellations are actually polyphonic words, or polyphonic words. They all refer to a place, and this place is in changji city. This further proves that Changji was transformed from Yangji. This can also be confirmed by the poems of Xiao Xiong, another poet in Qing Dynasty. In the poem Changji written by Xiao Xiong during the Guangxu period of Qing Dynasty, there is a phrase "evolution should follow Chang Ba La", which means the same thing. Regarding the meaning of "Yangji Bali", according to relevant historical records and expert research, "Yangji" means "field garden" in Mongolian, that is, nomadic and planted garden; "Bali" means "city" in Mongolian. In this way, the two meanings are combined. "Yang Ji Ba Li" means "the city of nomadism and plantation forest". According to the fact that Changji was a nomadic place of Mongols in Junggar for a long time before the county was established, and there is an ancient city in the southeast of Changji County, we think this statement is credible. Of course, when the word "Yangji" is truly transformed into the Chinese word "Changji", it is entirely possible and reasonable whether people add new meanings to it, such as "prosperity and auspiciousness". There are several special towns and villages in changji city, which are distinguished by the words "work", "dam" and "household". When I first heard the names of Sangong Town, Erliugong Town, Sancha Village, Dianba Township and Hu Jun Farm in changji city, almost all my friends responded: "Seventy-two concubines in three palaces and six hospitals?" After laughing, I often think about several questions: Are the place names such as "Gong", "Qi", "Ba" and "Hu" which obviously reflect the form of social organization inextricably linked with the imperial rule in the western regions? Is it a historical accident or a relic left over from the history that the names of these ethnic minorities who speak "Hui language" appear in the settlements related to reclamation or water conservancy in the Central Plains? With many questions, I dialed the telephone of Liu Hao, deputy director of Shi Zhiban changji city. These place names ending with industry, boundary, dam and household were used to distinguish village units in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China, he said. Following the local chronicles of changji city, I try my best to trace back to the original historical features of this ancient town in the western regions, which seems to be silent but has been active on the historical stage of China. Isn't that what the north wind said when the white grass was broken? In ancient times, the border of the western regions was filled with smoke and solitary smoke. Like Ningguta, it once hosted a large number of "prisoners" abandoned by the imperial power from Beijing, and it was also an important base for transporting materials to the border guards. The system of stationing wasteland and guarding the border reached the highest level in Xinjiang's border defense history in the Qing Dynasty. Village names related to wasteland came into being in this heyday. Toponymic names such as Tougong, Ergong, Sangong and Sigong, which are connected in series by numbers and take the word "Gong" as the unit, have been recorded in the Toponymic Records of changji city. Nowadays, with the evolution of history, most of these place names with historical relics of special periods have been replaced, and the dormant historical stories in these villages have been slightly unfolded in the history of the Qing Dynasty, restoring the politics of a node in Xinjiang during the reign of imperial power. The story of "sudden prison change" on a Mid-Autumn Festival night during Guangxu period was recorded in Changji County. I tried to use today's language to restore the scene at that time: after a red rooster crowed on a low fence, the wooden door of a low earthen house creaked open, and a woman wore a plain cloth gown. Men's long grunts and children's mumbling gibberish squeezed out of the wooden door, and several faint oil lamps lit up sporadically on the frosty Gobi desert in the sound of women chopping wood. This firewood chopping woman and her husband came from Beijing, and the family members of the prisoners working in Changji, a border town, were "Dongshi". Although she was wrapped in a thick jacket, her beauty was seen by the officials in charge of the Mimiya area. "The sky is numb, why are you still sleeping?" After a burst of barking, a chariot officer's hard boots kicked open the wooden fence door of Dongshi's house, and the paste made of sorghum flour and corn flour on the table was still steaming. Squatting in front of the stove, listening to "Dong Shi" eating pig food, he immediately stood up and rubbed his skirts. No one answered. A loud flogging sound fell on Dong Shi's husband. The officer cocked his mouth and whipped the person hiding in the straw mat, but a pair of narrowed eyes fell on Dong Shi's face. Dong Shi picked up the ragged child and dodged back in panic. "Today, August 15th, this officer had the honor to spend the Mid-Autumn Festival with you prisoners. You can get off work early in the afternoon and have a holiday early. " The swallowing officer spat at last and left with a whip in his back. "Dong Shi" and the man drank the clear soup on the paste, fed the rice noodles at the bottom of the small bowl to the child's mouth, and dragged their weak steps to the construction site with a shovel on their backs. "Dong Shi", who washed the clothes of the officials for a day, held the children like the wives of other officials and sat around her husband, waiting for the officials to make an exception and eat wine. The fiery talk set off the beautiful duck face of "Dong Shi", which made her look particularly moving and dazzling. Tunguan sent cups of wine to the prisoner, and with the strength of the wine, he became excited, and in front of all the prisoners, he started the idea of "giving mercy to the East". "Dong Shi" hurriedly abandoned the child and hid behind her husband. The child cried and jumped on the police officer. The police officer kicked the child away, and several police officers pulled her husband away and punched and kicked him. In this way, a Mid-Autumn Festival gathering between officials and prisoners turned into a fight. Being bullied for a long time, this fuse made the angry prisoner hold the sword worn by the official and stab him in the chest. That night, angry prisoners gathered hundreds of prisoners at the third construction site to rebel against the then government. The team went all the way to Changji City to prepare for a decisive battle with Zhendi Road (official name) at that time. However, just like many peasant uprisings in history, such an unarmed and even weak team, although strong because of common resentment, failed in the face of an experienced and well-equipped government. "Tunren" and Xinjiang When asked whether the residents living in Sangong Town and Hu Jun Farm in changji city were descendants of the "Tunren" at the immigration border at that time, Liu Hao expressed his opinion: "Some of them are." These "wives and children" entered the floating villages in the western regions, which not only expanded the population of Xinjiang, which is sparsely populated, but also increased the grain reserves of major granaries in Xinjiang, and also brought the advanced ideological trend of the Central Plains to Xinjiang. The surge of mobile camps has contributed to the formation of "industry", "dam", "household" and "boundary" to a great extent. The sudden change of prisoners exposed the loopholes in the ruling style of the ruling class at that time, but the historical role of Xinjiang's border defense policy could not be denied. Changji is such a city that left footprints in history in a hurry, but it can't bear to be forgotten. History and civilization have stayed here, but Changji is as quiet as nothing happened. After the village name is pulled out of the silent history, how can there be a seemingly short and historic story among the villages filled with smoke, and then show it to the public? When I first heard the names of Sangong Town, Erliugong Town, Sancha Village, Dianba Township and Hu Jun Farm in changji city, almost all my friends responded: "Seventy-two concubines in three palaces and six hospitals?" Changji's tourism resources, vast grasslands, dense pine forests, continuous mountains, strange peaks and rocks in the southern mountainous areas, and strong Kazakh ethnic customs are ideal places for leisure, picnics and sightseeing. Famous scenic spots include: Sulphur Ditch, Sol barstow, Jinlaoba, Nuerga Grassland, National Customs Garden, Beishawo Tourist Resort and so on. There are artificial Qinggeda Lake tourist areas in the plain area, and North Park, South Park and Yazhong Square in the urban area. There are Changji ancient city built in Tang Dynasty, Yongbyon ancient city built in Qianlong period of Qing Dynasty, mosque built in Jiaqing first year of Qing Dynasty (1796), Shaanxi temple built in Tongzhi first year of Qing Dynasty (1862), Lanzhou temple built in Guangxu eighth year of Qing Dynasty (1882), and Erliu Gongbei, which has been open for a hundred years.