The total length of Qijiang River is 220 kilometers, and the drainage area is 7020 square kilometers. According to the river valley landform and river channel characteristics, it can be divided into three sections: ① The section from the source of Qijiang River to Ganshui Town is the upstream, also known as Songkan River, which is about 80 kilometers long with an average gradient of about 1.3? This river is generally 30 ~ 60 meters wide. (2) Ganshui to Qijiang is the middle reaches, with a river length of about 60km and a river width of 60-100m, with an average gradient of about 1.3? . After receiving water, it is called Qijiang. (3) Below the urban area of Qijiang District is the downstream. The length of the river is about 70 kilometers, the width of the river is generally 80 ~ 150 meters, and the average gradient is about 0.5? . The water system of Qijiang River is dendritic. There are five tributaries with a basin area of more than 300 square kilometers: Sunqian River and Qingxi River on the left bank; Xinzhan River, Puhe River and Zaodu River on the right bank. The drainage area is 100 ~ 300 square kilometers, with five tributaries: Guofu River, Yangdu River and Dongxi River on the left bank, and Fuhuan River and Tonghui River on the right bank. Qijiang River from its birthplace to Ganshui Town is called Songkan River. From the source to the east, Shengli Township meets the tributary of the origin of Leek Dam, and turns to the northeast via Mengdu to Songkan Town. Songkan Millennium Ancient Town, one of the small ports rising in the upper reaches of Qijiang River in the late Qing Dynasty, is known as the "gateway to northern Guizhou". In the seventh and eighth years of Xianfeng (1857, 1858), there were frequent wars in Guizhou, and "all roads were blocked, and Songkan was still on Tongchuan Road". There is a hydrological station in Songkan. Turn north and northwest into the Qijiang area, reach Ganshui Town, and cross the river at Zuonayang and Younazao.

In the Northern and Southern Dynasties, the mainstream of Qi was called Xi, also known as Yelangxi. The Yuan Dynasty was called South Xinjiang; Today, the upper reaches are named Yelang River, which is a first-class tributary of the Yangtze River. The source of Qijiang River, in history, originated in Yelangba, Tongzi County, this province; It is also said that it originated from Tongzi Tonggu Garden; 1February, 984, Journal of Qijiang County Water Conservancy, Electric Power and Agricultural Machinery determined: "Measured from 1: 50000 topographic map, the western source of Yelang River (Mengdu-Datan) is 1765438+ compared with the length, basin area and flow. Qijiang River flows through the entrance dam of Heyuan Formation in Daxie Village, Yuan Xian Town from west to east, and enters the underground as an underground river. It flows out from the cave of Sanjie Formation in Xiaojie Village and returns to Minghe River. Yanlungang of Chakou Formation in Dashicun entered Tongzi County, gradually turned from east to north, passed through Mengdu, Jie Zhen, Sanyuan, Songkan, Jiudian and Ganshui, Dongxi and Qijiang counties in Qijiang County, and entered Shunjiang (formerly known as Mixikou) in Zhirentuo Town, jiangjin district at Pengqiao in Dushi Town, jiangjin district, and merged into the Yangtze River. The total length of Qijiang River is 222.3km, with a natural drop of1.535km and a gradient of 0.53‰, and a drainage area of 71.40km2.. Among them, the boundary length is 15.8km, the natural drop is 720m, the gradient is 45.6‰, and the annual average flow is1.34m3/s. ..

Songkan River has steep slope, dense beach and shallow channel. The annual water depth is only 30 ~ 40 cm, and the flow rate is generally 2 ~ 3 meters per second. The riverbed is pebbles or rocks. When a ship is running, it is necessary to control the speed and course by pulling fibers, not only on the water, but also when it is launched, or when the boatman wades to lift and propel the ship. In some river sections, the hull almost rubs against the river bed. During the Xianfeng period of the Qing Dynasty, the people once made a kind of "soft board boat", which was made of wooden boards and only existed in Qijiang Shipping. During the Tongzhi period of Qing Dynasty, the Songkan River was regulated to solve the transportation difficulties in some river sections. During Guangxu period, hundreds of miles of waterway from Songkan to Jiangkou were dredged. And get through the upper reaches of Songkan River, and the route extends upward from Songkan for sixty or seventy miles to reach the new station. In 23 and 28 years of the Republic of China, Songkan reach and Baishitang-Ganshui reach in Songkan county were treated respectively. During the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression period, Songkan River was an integral part of the "Chongqing-Guizhou" combined transport line from Chongqing via Chuanjiang, Qijiang and Songkan River to Songkan, and then to Guiyang. Ganshui Town is called Qijiang below, and the middle reaches are Chenggunan Town in Qijiang District. Qijiang River flows northward through Ganshui to Dongxi Town, Zuo Na, with a total length of about 40 kilometers. There is a hydrological station in Dongxi. Fubei Liu, in the right Napu River in Sanjiang (Sanxi) Town, and then to the right Napu Tonghui River in Qijiang County. The middle part of the Qijiang River basin is dominated by deep mountains and some middle and low mountains. There are many beaches and dangers in the middle and lower reaches. There are 127 beach risks in Qingqing City, with an average of about 1 km. There are two extremely dangerous beaches called "caves", where rocks are piled up, the gap between upstream and downstream is large, and water flows through the rocks. Among them, Yangti Cave is about 4 kilometers downstream of Ganshui, with a beach length of about 1 km and a river bottom elevation difference of 6 meters. Gaishi Cave is about 13 km downstream of Ganshui, with a beach length of more than 500 meters and a river bottom elevation difference of 7.5 meters.

Dongxi ancient town, formerly known as Wanshouchang, has a history of 1300 years. It is a famous historical and cultural town in Chongqing with many historical and cultural relics, such as the ancient salt ladder in the Western Han Dynasty and the diaojiao building in the Ming and Qing Dynasties.

Qijiang District is located in the hinterland of the river basin, and the Zhou Dynasty belongs to the territory of Pakistan. It was established as Zhou Nan in 6 19. At the end of Yuan Dynasty, the leader of the peasant uprising proclaimed himself emperor according to Shu, and began to set up Qijiang County, which lasted more than 630 years. Qijiang farmers' prints are well-known at home and abroad, and were named "the hometown of modern folk painting in China" by the Ministry of Culture 1987. Qijiang River passes through the city and flows into Jiangjin City in the north and Qingxi River in Zuo Na. There is Wucha Hydrological Station to Jiasi Town, Jiangjin, which controls the basin area of 5,566 square kilometers, with an average annual flow of 97.8 cubic meters per second (39 years), water level fluctuation 12.3 meters and water depth of 0.8 meters in dry season. The maximum measured flood peak discharge over the years is 4930m3/s (1963). After Jia Si, he left Zijinggou and Sunqian River in turn. Watershed area 1230 km2. Qijiang flows northward to Shunjiang Village in Rentuo Town and joins the Yangtze River. The estuary section is supported by the backwater of the Yangtze River. Once in 20 years, the backwater can reach about 45 kilometers to Five Blessingg, Jiangjin City. Generally, the flood also reaches about 35 kilometers.