Zhang is the third largest surname in contemporary China. It is said to be from the Yellow Emperor, a descendant of the fifth son of the Yellow Emperor. According to Zhang Jun's "Zhang Family Tree" compiled during Jiajing period of Ming Dynasty, it is said that. "I'm Zhang from Xuanyuan Huangdi's third concubine, the son of Tong Yu's. I waved, watched the arc, controlled the arrow, gave Zhang, bowed the official seal, worshipped the arc star, lived in Qingyang, and later changed to Qinghe County. This Zhang surname is the only one who looks at Qinghe County. " In other words, Zhang's surname is the son of the Yellow Emperor, and his mother's name is Tong Yu. He was named Gong Zheng (official name) for inventing the bow and arrow. The bow is straight, that is, the bow is long, which is the same as the word "Zhang", thus giving birth to the surname Zhang. Since then, the descendants of Hua have been living in Qinghe County (now Linqing, Shandong Province), and Qinghe has become a major county of Zhang. Because Zhang is the most popular surname, it comes from many sources and is widely distributed. In addition to the above, there are Nanyang, Wu Jun, Anding, Dunhuang, Wuwei, Fanyang, Qianwei, Guo Pei, Guo Liang, Zhongshan, Ji Jun, Hanoi, Gaoping, Bairen and Jinjian. According to legend, there was a Zhang Gongyi family in the Tang Dynasty, and the ninth lived together for * * * wealth, which was praised far and near. After the news reached Tang Gaozong, the emperor personally came to visit. Emperor Gaozong asked him the secret of maintaining family business and family harmony, and he only wrote 100 words of "forbearance" as an answer. Gaozong realized the principle of governing the country. Deeply moved, he drove back to the palace contentedly. Since then, in order to commemorate this meaningful visit, Zhang Gongyi's family adopted "100 people" as the family emblem. According to ancient records of the Tang Dynasty, during the Kaiyuan period of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, many ministers presented rare treasures for Xuanzong's birthday, and only Zhang Jiuling, the prime minister, presented a copy of the Millennium Golden Chamber. In his book, he discussed in detail the ways of rise and fall in ancient and modern times, aiming to persuade Xuanzong to remember the lessons of rise and fall in previous dynasties when the world was at peace, and to be prepared for danger in times of peace and protect the country forever. Later, Xuanzong cherished his precious gift and wrote a letter to praise it. From then on, Zhang Jiuling people were proud of it and began to take "Jin Jian" as their Tang name. Zhang's surname has developed into a populous surname in the Han Dynasty, and it ranks first in the world 10 in the Tang Dynasty. In the Ming Dynasty, Zhang had spread all over the country113 counties, accounting for more than 93% of the total number of counties in the country. Now there are tens of millions of China surnames, which are distributed in many parts of the world. Since ancient times, Zhang has had 63 prime ministers and 56 generals. In addition, such as thinker Zhang Zai's contribution to Confucianism, Buddhism's sublimation of Buddhist thought, Taoism, Zhang Heng's seismograph, Zhang Zhongjing's Treatise on Febrile Diseases and Meridians Measure a Line (common surname Zhang), etc. It is of great significance. Another example is Zhang Qian's mission to the Western Regions, Zhang's Wanli Reform, Zhang Zhidong's theory of "Chinese style and western use", Zhang Xueliang's admonition to the Japanese army, and Zhang Fulin's space exploration. These are also major historical events that have made great contributions to the present and won the name of history. These are the great contributions of Zhang people to history and culture. The origin of the surname Zhang is one of the most popular surnames in China. Since ancient times, there has been a saying that "Zhang Wang, Li Zhao and Liu are everywhere", and Zhang ranks first. Contemporary, according to the census, Zhang's population at home and abroad exceeds