The so-called polis is a country with the city as the center and towns and villages around it.
Sparta is located in the Ragogna Plain in the south of the Greek Peninsula.
Lagonia is surrounded by mountains on three sides and a small plain in the middle.
The original meaning of "Sparta" is "a plain that can be cultivated".
About 1 1 century BC, a group of Greek tribes named Dorians invaded Lagonia southward, destroyed the original city-state and settled here. This is the Spartan city of Dorians-but it has neither walls nor decent streets.
Spartans are Dorians who came here.
After reaching the age of 20, young men in Sparta officially became soldiers.
Married at the age of 30, but still have to participate in military training every day.
Retired at the age of 60, but still in the reserve.
Spartan girls stayed at home at the age of seven, but instead of weaving and doing housework all day, they engaged in physical exercise and learned to run, run, throw discus and fight.
Spartans believe that only a strong mother can give birth to a strong warrior.
Spartan women are brave and strong. They are not afraid to see their son injured or killed on the battlefield.
When a Spartan mother sent her son to the battlefield, she did not wish him a safe return, but gave him a shield and said, "Take it or lie on it." It means that you can either come back with a shield and win with honor, or die with honor and be carried back with a shield.
Spartans despised culture and education.
Teenagers only need to be able to write commands and notes.
Spartans asked their children to be concise and straightforward, and formed the habit of silence from an early age.
They talk like military orders.
Once, a king threatened the king of Sparta to obey his orders, or he would raze Sparta to the ground. The king of Sparta replied, "Please!" This concise answer was later called Spartan answer.
Similarly, Spartans despised literature, art and natural science.
In the city of Sparta, there is hardly a magnificent building, and the Spartans have not produced a beautiful work of art to pass on to future generations.
Spartans practiced "two kings".
Two kings have unlimited power only when they are fighting. One king acts as commander in chief, and the other king stays at home.
Usually all major issues are decided by the 30-member "Council of Elders".
There are five consuls to assist the king in handling government affairs.
All important matters concerning the polis are decided by the council of elders.
However, in name, it must be approved by the General Assembly before it can take effect.
In the long-term foreign war, Sparta intensified its oppression and exploitation of the Luo people in Riccardo Chailly.
The heroes held many uprisings.
About 640 BC, Luo people in Riccardo Chailly launched an armed uprising for more than ten years.
In 464 BC, Spartan heroes revolted again.
Brave and tenacious, they reached the gate of Sparta and persisted in their struggle 10 years.
Desperate Spartans released the rebels.
The rule of Sparta was thus dealt a heavy blow.
After the middle of the 4th century BC, Sparta gradually declined.
After the Persian war, Sparta was very worried about the growing Athens. After the Persian War, Sparta once joined forces with Persia to launch the Peloponnesian Campaign, once defeated Athens and became the hegemon of Greece for 27 years. Its politics became more and more brutal, which finally aroused the anger of neighboring countries, fought with it for a long time, consumed a lot of national strength, and was finally conquered by Rome. In 396 AD, Sparta was destroyed by the Goths. Sparta, in its heyday, withdrew from history forever.