1. The birth history of Stoicism, and understand several schools.
Socrates (a veritable model of philosophical activities in thought and action), a great god in the field of philosophy-Plato (academic school, spirituality) and antisthenes (cynic, action lifestyle), antisthenes Cletus (detaining people and propagating lifestyle)-Zhi Nuo (founder of Stoicism)-Moai Marseille.
2. Live like a philosopher.
With the title of Caesar, he was the last emperor of the five wise emperors of the Roman Empire and one of the greatest emperors of the Roman Empire. In his early years, he was very interested in philosophy. Caesar studied under the Stoic School in his youth, and he was also a rare philosopher emperor who realized the inner sage and the outer king through practicing the Stoic School all his life.
Instead of pursuing wealth, fame and power, the Roman Empire had two emperors for the first time. Forgive rebellious generals, auction royal property to raise war funds, endure multiple physical and mental pains, and persist in fraternity. ...
"In unusual and special difficulties, he not only protected himself, but also saved the empire." Meditation is a private diary of his self-vigilance during the campaign.
3. Stoicism: Meditation Philosophy
Become a more introspective and thoughtful observer of life.
Seneca: It's fun to meditate before going to bed every day.
Epiktetos: Play the role of participant and bystander in everything.
Kyle: Test everything you do, find out your motivation, and consider the value of anything you try to accomplish.
Their typical characteristics are: patience and contentment, modesty and understanding, nobility and elegance, integrity and kindness, vigilance and enlightenment, living with nature, universal citizens, freedom, self-esteem, selflessness and obedience to God's will, rational wisdom and introspection.
4. The main principles of Stoic philosophy
The universe is a unified life consciousness with supreme rational wisdom.
Man: a member of the universe, playing a functional molecule in the whole process.
The most important thing for human beings is to fulfill the functions and duties of the universe: follow the way of nature, follow the rational will, live with nature, pursue moral achievements, resolutely fulfill social responsibilities, and give full play to the role that people are born to play.
Perform duties through these methods: control dichotomy, negative imagination, meditation and introspection, patience and contentment, love for human beings, and silent action.
The universe is a unified life and rational wisdom.
Always regard the universe as a living body, with entity and soul (rational wisdom/Zeus) (4-40)
The universe is fluid, and life is an idea. (4-03)
Everything in the universe is connected, and cause and effect are intertwined.
Everything is in the change of elements.
The universe creates everything equally.
The rational wisdom of the universe has created all kinds of things at the same time.
Everything created by the universe has a purpose.
……
When a person sees the present, he sees everything since ancient times and everything in the eternal future, because everything is the same source and the same face.
Often meditate on the intimate combination and interdependence of all things in the universe, because everything is interrelated, so everything is close to each other. These things have a causal relationship with each other, because they have changes in contraction and expansion, because of the sense of * * * and the unity of all substances.
The most important thing is to let nature take its course.
To take the shortest path, the shortest path is the way of nature, which leads to the most stable words and deeds. If we can make such a determination, we can avoid trouble and competition and stay away from cleverness and falsehood.
You don't love yourself, or you will love your nature and do it. There are also some people who love their jobs and work so hard that they forget to wash and eat.
One thing makes one person happy, and another thing makes another person happy. For me, if I can keep my master's rationality, look at people and everything they encounter with compassion, observe everything, accept it with its own value and make use of everything, it will be gratifying.
If you can follow the correct reason, be sincere, brave, calm and single-minded, and keep your heart pure and sacred, it seems that you will return it to the creator soon. If you can grasp this, you will be happy all your life, satisfied with the activities allowed by nature at present, and say a heroic and true word; No one can stop you.
7. Dichotomy of control is the core principle of Stoicism. Being able to distinguish things in life will make life easier.
Epiktetos-"Some things are decided by us and some things are not decided by us." What we can control: our opinions, impulsive thoughts, desires and dislikes.
Remember, everything depends on our viewpoint. My idea of being hurt disappeared, and so did my injury. I like this sentence very much and agree with this view. The heart is heaven, but the mind is hell. Everything depends on your own thoughts, thoughts.
If you feel pain because of something external, it is not this thing that bothers you, but your own judgment on it. Now, you have the ability to clarify this judgment. Volume 8, page 47
We don't need to have an opinion on one thing, which can leave our souls undisturbed. This is something we can do, because things themselves do not form the natural force of our judgment. Volume 6, page 52
I think we can judge things in life less and have less opinions. So you won't let yourself suffer and worry. Let the mind be more calm.
Kyle Aurelius: "We are the only people who can stop ourselves from being kind and honest. For example, we are fully capable of preventing evil and greed from finding a resting place in our souls. If we are stupid, we may not be able to become a scholar, but nothing can stop us from cultivating other qualities, including sincerity, dignity, diligence and temperance; Nothing can stop us from taking measures to curb arrogance, transcend happiness and pain, give up the pursuit of fame and control our temper. "
8. Negative imagination
Seneca: We should live as if this is our last moment. .
An important principle of Stoicism is not to get used to anything that can be obtained, but to regain the concern and perception of life by expecting the worst result (death and loss), to devote oneself wholeheartedly to the present and live the most cherished life without regrets.
9. About Time-Life and Death
"People must live in this moment completely, because although the universe is eternal, people can only grasp the time today; Whether you live in Nanshan or die in the early morning, all you can have is this moment. Even if you live for 300 years, or you are willing, you will ask to live for 3000 years, but remember that people will not lose anything except their present life; People can't have anything but what they have lost now. "
10. About death
Live every day as if it were your last. Volume 7, page 69
A fraction of the vast time that everyone can enjoy! In a flash, it disappears into eternity, and man is such a tiny part of the universe! You are climbing on the earth, what a small piece of land! Think about all this, nothing is important, except to do things according to your nature and accept everything that nature brings you.
1 1. About wealth and fame
Accept wealth and prosperity without ostentation, and be prepared to give it up. Volume 8, Issue 33
Life is short, and this earthly life has only one fruit: piety and kindness. Volume VI, Issue 30
Stoic people are hardly satisfied with anything, but they struggle actively, not seeking worldly success, but often get it.
Have a bird's eye view of the world, from the jungle, endless rituals, storms or calm sea navigation, and from birth to maturity and old age, we can see the endless changes in people's lives. Think about the life that others lived a long time ago, your future life, and the life that barbaric countries live now; How many people have never heard of your name, how many people will soon forget it, and how many people may praise you now and slander you soon; The reputation behind you, the reputation in this world, or anything, is nothing.
12. Be satisfied with what fate has given you.
Fate is a prescription given by God to mankind.
An excellent person should meet all the experiences that destiny's loom weaves for him.
Teacher Red Moon explained: Stoicism accepts and is satisfied with everything in fate, not fatalism, but accepting what has happened in the past, accepting the unknown and uncertain future, and tapping the potential and happiness of everything that exists.
Seneca: A person who practices the Stoicism principle, whether he likes it or not, will be accompanied by persistent happiness and a kind of heartfelt happiness, because he can dig out happiness from himself, which is beyond other happiness.
Laozi said: contentment is always happy.
13 on the individual and the whole
The goal of Stoicism is not to change the world, but to do your best to bring about some changes.
"We were born to support each other in the future, like brothers, like upper and lower eyelids, like upper and lower teeth."
"Anything that is not in the overall interest of the bee colony will not be in the interest of each individual bee."
14 about work and service
"When I fulfill my social responsibility, I should do it quietly and efficiently."
A stoic should be forgetful when serving others, just as a vine produces a bunch of grapes for a wine merchant. He won't stop bragging, but will continue his next service and bear more grapes. "
Do your job well, don't be like a drudge, and don't ask others for pity or praise. You can only ask one thing, that is, whether you do it or not, you must accept the guidance of public welfare.
15 on doing good
Whatever you do, do it with reference to goodness, and do it with reference to what you will be understood as good in this sense. China carries this out in all its actions. The fourth volume-10
Don't act as if you will live for a thousand years. Death guards you. When you are alive, it is within your power to do good deeds. Do good deeds. The fourth volume-17
Look inward. The source of goodness is internal. If you are willing to explore it, it will keep pouring out.
The happiness of life lies in understanding the "wholeness and essence" of everything and its "noumenon and cause"; Do what is right and tell the truth wholeheartedly. Do one good thing, then do another, so there is no gap in the middle, so that life is fun, what else can you ask for?
16 on interpersonal relationships
Say to yourself every morning: I will meet people who are nosy, ungrateful, arrogant, deceptive, jealous and arrogant. They are so because they can't tell good from evil. The second volume 0 1
For the benefit of ordinary people, we should face them and cooperate with them. We should show true love to those whose fate is arranged around us. It means not to avoid annoying people, to learn to deal with all kinds of people, to give human love, to transcend personal likes and dislikes, and to love the whole human race.
Life is interdependent, so teach others or tolerate others.
17 Views on others
All words and deeds that conform to the way of nature should be considered worthwhile and should not be influenced by other people's criticism.
If someone can really prove that one of my thoughts or actions is wrong, I will correct and thank him. Because I'm after the truth, and the truth can't hurt anyone. But if a person is stubborn and has not changed, it is really hurt.
18 About changes
Stoic philosophy is a philosophy that creates "peace in the storm".
"Someone is afraid of change? But what will happen if there is no change? Is there anything closer and more important to the nature of the universe than change? Can you get nutrition without changing food? Can all kinds of needs in life be met without change? Don't you see that for you, just like the nature of the universe, it needs to change? " Volume 7 18
Always think about how quickly everything that exists and what is about to happen disappears without a trace. If a person is complacent, or annoyed, or annoyed, as if those annoying things are long-term and permanent, isn't this person stupid?
19 on free will
The function of rational soul is as follows: it sees itself, analyzes itself, casts itself according to its own will, and harvests its own achievements. No matter where the boundary of life is, it can achieve its goal. Volume XI 0 1
Why not pray to the gods and give you the ability not to be afraid of anything you are afraid of, or to desire anything you want, or to suffer for anything? Volume 9, page 40
About observing the heart
It is more peaceful and less painful for a person to retreat anywhere than to retreat to his own heart. Volume 4, Issue 03
My soul, you have wronged yourself, and the time when you glorified yourself is gone forever. Everyone's life is only once, and your life is fading away, but you still don't look at yourself, but place your happiness on other souls.
Will things outside bother you? Take time off to learn something good, don't be dragged away by foreign things.
It is hard for a person to be unhappy if he doesn't pay close attention to the activities of his own mind, but he will certainly be unhappy.
You can get rid of a lot of unnecessary troubles, because those troubles completely exist in your imagination. You can enter a vast realm at once-if you put the whole universe into your heart, put eternal time into your intellectual world, and observe the rapid changes of all parts of things all the time. The brevity from birth to death and the infinity before death can only be compared with the endless time difference after death.
2 1 About Action
Don't talk about the qualities that a noble person should have at all, but be such a person. Volume 10 16
Stoicism leads the most active life with an indifferent and detached heart and pursues moral achievements in action.
To sum up meditation, teacher Red Crescent read beautiful clips and selected them to share:
The soul is a whirlpool, and fate is a mystery. Everything that belongs to the body is only a torrent, and what belongs to the soul is only a dream. Life is a war, a passer-by's sojourner, and his reputation behind him will soon be forgotten.
So what does a person rely on to guide? Only philosophy.
This is to keep the god in his heart from being destroyed, hurt, suffering and happiness, from doing things without purpose, from hypocrisy and deceit, from feeling that others need to do or not do anything, from accepting all things that happen to him and from accepting all the shares allocated to him, no matter what.
Finally, wait for death with a happy mood, and regard death only as the decomposition of the elements that make up all living things. Leave with satisfaction, because the person who dismissed you is also satisfied.