Analysis:

Shanhaiguan, as an important military pass in the history of our country, has experienced countless wars and the smoke has continued. The decisive battle between Li Zicheng, the traitor Wu Sangui and the Qing army took place here in the late Ming Dynasty. On March 19th, 17th year of Chongzhen in Ming Dynasty (1644), after Li Zicheng entered Beijing, he sat in the "Golden Temple" and did not feel that the world was at peace. Because Wu Sangui, the company commander of Jiliao stationed in Shanhaiguan, was still armed to the teeth, which posed a serious threat to the Dashun regime. Li personally wrote a letter to Wu, urging him to surrender to the peasant uprising army, and sent special money and silver to reward Wu Sangui's army. At first, Wu Sangui saw that the tide was gone and wanted to accept surrender and submit to Li Zicheng. Later, he heard that the peasant army detained his father and his beloved concubine, Chen Yuanyuan, after entering Beijing, so he "rushed to the top and became beautiful" and asked the leader of the Qing army, Dourgen, to surrender, cut off his hair and surrender to Shanhaiguan. Li Zicheng was very angry when the news reached Beijing. On April 1 day, 65,438+10,000 peasant troops marched eastward and directly killed Shanhaiguan. Li Zicheng made full use of the terrain around Shanhaiguan and adopted the strategy of being attacked on three sides. At first, the peasant uprising army was unstoppable and invincible, and surrounded Wu Jun. Wu Sangui failed to break through several times, and the city was at the end of its tether. At this critical juncture, Regent Dourgen of Qing Dynasty led1.4000 troops to attack Li Zicheng from the flank. Coupled with the sudden wind, flying sand and stones. Under the joint attack of the Qing army and Wu Sangui, the peasant army, which was at a disadvantage in number, was forced to return to Beijing on 26th after a day of heroic fighting. From then on, the peasant uprising army led by Li Zicheng turned from prosperity to decline, and the Qing army entered the customs on a large scale, occupied Beijing, and established the last feudal dynasty in the history of China.

The old dragon head in Shanhaiguan is one of the three places along the coast where ships can dock. In A.D. 1900, ships from Eight-Nation Alliance sailed here and landed there. At that time, although the old dragon head was one of the defensive strongholds of Shanhaiguan in the Qing Dynasty, there were fortresses and iron cannons on the shore, and it was also heavily guarded. However, when Eight-Nation Alliance's fleet came, the hateful prefect Zheng did not fight against foreign aggression, but adopted a policy of non-resistance, ordering the Qing army in each battalion to fire three shots into the air, remove the bolt, and flee in panic, handing over hundreds of thousands of pieces of silver worth of artillery and ammunition to the invaders. Today, the "Zhenhai Hou" big iron cannon and the abandoned fort site on the coastline are ruthless accusations of the Qing army's non-resistance behavior in that year.

In 1930s, Japanese imperialism launched the "September 18th Incident" and invaded northeast China. 1933 January 1 3 invaded Shanhaiguan. The Japanese army rose up to resist and the Chinese and Japanese armies fought fiercely in Shanhaiguan. This is the famous "Guan Yu Anti-Japanese War" in the modern history of our country (Shanhaiguan was called Guan Yu in ancient times), which started the Great Wall Anti-Japanese War.

The Japanese occupation of Shanhaiguan was premeditated, because at that time, the Japanese army had occupied a large area in the northeast of China, and then it wanted to occupy Shanhaiguan. First, we can seize the throats of Liaoning and Hebei, block the northeast border, and prevent our Northeast Volunteers from crossing this road, thus preventing Zhang Xueliang's Northeast Army from attacking western Liaoning, so that the Japanese army can have no worries in the battle against Jehol. Second, after the occupation of Shanhaiguan and Jehol, Shanhaiguan and Jehol can echo each other from a distance, creating a favorable strategic situation for launching a larger-scale war of aggression against China. Therefore, Shanhaiguan blocking war has become a decisive battle related to the peril of the Chinese nation.

1October165438+1October 65438+February 1932, the Japanese kwantung army transferred troops to Shanhaiguan along the western Liaoning corridor. From Huanggutun to Shanhaiguan, every station is heavily guarded, and the Air Force is also building an airport at the front. Japan's Tsuda Second Dispatching Fleet, based in Lushun, also dispatched more than 10 warships to cruise in the waters near Qinhuangdao, which can be described as having all kinds of forces by land, sea and air. On February 8, 65438, the Kwantung Army provoked the shelling of Shanhaiguan, which started the battle of Shanhaiguan.

On February 8, 65438+, an armored train of the Fifth Wing of the Japanese Infantry outside Shanhaiguan Station drove to the gap of the Great Wall at the eastern end, attacked the city, and then headed west to the western end of Shihe Bridge and continued to fire into the city. At 6 o'clock in the morning on the 9th, the Japanese army sent two more planes over Shanhaiguan to harass reconnaissance, and sent more than 200 soldiers to Jiumenkou. We lodged a serious protest against Japan's provocation. And repeated negotiations are invalid. 1933 At 2 pm on New Year's Day, the Japanese garrison informed the Japanese nationals in Shanhaiguan to retreat to the Japanese barracks in the South China Sea within five hours. This indicates that there will be big moves. First of all, the Japanese plainclothes team first shot at the China sentry at the gate from the south gate of Shanhaiguan, with the intention of rushing into the city and occupying the county seat. My sentry shot to repel it. This is the beginning of the war between the two sides. At 12 that night, about 3000 Japanese infantry and artillery troops occupied the line from Shanhaiguan Station to Erlidian, and the Japanese defenders attacked the south gate. 654381at 8 o'clock in the morning on October 2, more than 70 Japanese troops fired at our Nanguan defenders with machine guns and flat-fire guns to cover the city. More than 30 Japanese soldiers climbed the city wall with wooden ladders and threw grenades into the city. The defenders fought back with grenades and repelled the rising Japanese army. At about 10, more than 3,000 enemy troops and more than 40 field guns stormed the garrison positions in China. In addition, there were eight Japanese planes, three armored vehicles and more than 20 oil tankers, which bombed the city indiscriminately. The defenders fought bloody battles and calmly counterattacked, killing dozens of Japanese troops. By 4 pm, the attacking Japanese army was repelled.

On March 3, the Japanese army put in a new large-scale force and launched a more violent attack on Shanhaiguan. There are eight planes and two warships in the sky, which are likely to blow up Shanhaiguan. Our defenders fought to the death with rifles, machine guns and mortars. In the face of powerful, ferocious and well-equipped enemies, Andexin Camp, guarding Shanhaiguan City, fought to the death with the enemy and Guancheng under the fierce fire of the enemy. In the end, because he was outnumbered, he shed his last drop of blood to bravely defend Shanhaiguan, and wrote an epic page in the history of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression. Although the Japanese army has passed Shanhaiguan, no force can destroy the national spirit built by the outstanding sons and daughters of the Chinese nation with their flesh and blood.