According to "Flood and Drought Disaster Records of China", in the long period of 1949- 1990, "there are 23 years in which the drought area in China exceeds 20 million hm, and there are 12 years in which the disaster area exceeds100000 hm.

They are: 196 1 year, 1978, 1960, 1988 and 1989 ... The drought rate exceeds 15%, and the disaster rate is high. Include 1972, 1976 and1959-196, 1978-1982 and1982.

In 6 years, the drought rate exceeded 20%, and the disaster rate exceeded 10%.

They are 1960, 196 1 year, 1978, 1986, 1988 and 1989 respectively. "

It can be seen that 1959- 196 1 belongs to the series of severe drought and extreme drought, and the affected area is among the best, while in the statistics of17 (1950-1966) in the early days of the People's Republic of China,

1959- 196 1 was a painful point in the history of China. After three years of drought, on the bare land thousands of miles away, smoke is scarce and hunger is everywhere.

At that time, China had completed the land reform (1952), cancelled the land privatization and implemented the collective production of farmers. The grain produced shall be collected and stored by the commune, and shall be turned over to the central government in accordance with the prescribed proportion in June 165438+ 10 every year.

The rest of the grain is used to make big pots of rice to feed farmers, and farmers no longer enjoy production remuneration.

Because the whole production, distribution and consumption of grain are controlled by the central government, farmers' migration is restricted and they can only rely on the surplus grain in their own producing areas to survive.