IBM is the largest IT giant in the world. It has been far ahead for half a century, and it has opened a great distance from the second place. It is called "Blue Giant". For a long time, IBM has been synonymous with computers. IBM has achieved great success and far-reaching influence in the United States and around the world. This company was established in 19 14, and currently has more than 300,000 employees worldwide, covering more than 60 countries and regions. In 2000, IBM's global revenue reached more than $88 billion.
Therefore, the history of IBM is the history of a computer. Time magazine in the United States said: "IBM's entrepreneurial spirit is unparalleled in human history ... no enterprise will bring and will bring such a huge impact on the world industry and human lifestyle like IBM." Even Bill Gates has to admit: "IBM is the real overlord of the computer industry. After all, I have been trained. "
On February 1874, Thomas J. Watson, the founder of IBM, was born.
1896 65438+On February 3rd, Horace founded the watchmaking machine company, which later became IBM through a series of acquisitions.
On May 19 14, Thomas Watson, a young salesman, was hired by CTR, and later he founded the blue giant IBM.
1944 On August 7th, IBM held the Mark I celebration.
1951July 9, IBM launched a hostile takeover of Lotus.
On June 1956, thomas watson, the founder and leader of IBM, passed away.
1 956 65438+1October1,IBM agreed to pay a nominal copyright fee for computer patents in eckert and Moakley.
19611On February 28th, IBM released the communication plan report.
1964 On March 9, 2009/kloc-0, IBM approved the most ambitious System/360 development plan in history.
1on March 23rd, 964, IBM told reporters that the company greatly underestimated the production demand of System/360.
1On April 7th, 964, tom watson Jr., the chairman of IBM, personally released System 360.
198 12 August 12, IBM released its first PC, which opened a new era of personal computers.
1On March 8th, 983, IBM released version 2.0 of PC-DOS 2.0
1 983165438+1October1,IBM launched the long-awaited PC Jr, but it didn't last long.
1983165438+1On October 9th, the secret agreement between IBM and Hitachi to solve litigation problems was disclosed.
1 984 March1day, Commodore announced that it would produce IBM PC compatible computers. At that time, IBM and Apple had 28% and 25% market share respectively.
1August, 984 14, IBM released a new computer PC-AT, and provided a top view of the graphical user interface software.
1985 March19, IBM admitted its failure and announced that it would stop producing PC Jr computers.
1On April 3rd, 986, IBM introduced the first notebook computer the size of a briefcase.
1April 1986 17, IBM announced the launch of 1MB memory chip.
1987 65438+1On October 20th, DEC launched a new supercomputer to challenge IBM.
1On April 3rd, 987, IBM launched a new PS/2 product line.
1987,1On February 4, 987, IBM released the first version of the multitasking operating system OS/2, but it was later defeated by Microsoft.
On September 20th, 1988, Prodigy, an online service provider jointly owned by IBM and Sears, was established.
1On May 5, 989, IBM's nickname "Big Blue" was blocked.
1989165438+10/2, IBM and Microsoft announced their support for competitive operating systems OS/2 and Windows.
In August 1990, 1, IBM sold typewriters and keyboards.
1991On February 28th, IBM announced layoffs 10000 people.
1991April 12, IBM and Apple held a secret meeting to discuss launching PowerPC against Wintel.
1991On July 3rd, IBM and Apple announced an alliance to jointly develop an operating system for RISC chips.
1991August 14, IBM released a notebook computer with wireless communication function.
199111On October 2nd, IBM and Apple announced the establishment of a joint venture to develop and sell PowerMac.
1992 On August 9, 2009/kloc-0, IBM and Sears announced the establishment of an ISP joint venture company.
1On August 22nd, 992, IBM announced the launch of PDA, a personal digital assistant.
1992 16 February 16, IBM announced its first major layoffs in 50 years.
199365438+1On October 20th, IBM announced its first loss in history.
1On March 26th, 993, Lou Guo Shina was appointed as the new CEO of IBM to save the blue giant in trouble.
1 April, 19931day, Guo Shina started to work for IBM as CEO and chairman.
1994 On March 2 1, Taligent, a software company jointly invested by IBM and Apple, released a new operating system that can run on multiple platforms.
1On February 24th, 994, Guo Shina announced the reorganization strategy of IBM.
1On April 5th, 994, IBM released a new mainframe.
1994 On April 26th, IBM announced its first profit in four years since 1990.
1On May 25th, 994, Compaq surpassed IBM and Apple to become the king of global PC.
1On July 26th, 994, when a new official took office, Guo Shina boldly announced that he would give up 25 titles of IBM vice presidents.
1August, 1994 17, IBM announced the launch of an electronic ordering system through a computer network.
1On August 30th, 994, IBM announced that it would no longer object to Microsoft's attempt to register a trademark for "Windows".
1994 65438+February 12, due to chip defects, IBM announced that it would stop the shipment of Pentium chip machines.
199565438+1October 12, IBM won the first prize in the patent competition, and the number of patents ranked first among American companies.
1February 3, 995, IBM announced that employees can wear casual clothes during working hours, which changed the historical tradition.
1March 8, 995, IBM won the case of repeated labor injury of computer users.
1March, 1995 16, IBM released interactive financial reports through the internet and CD-ROM.
1On March 28th, 995, Adobe's file format Acrobat was supported by IBM and Netscape.
1On March 29th, 995, Connor Peripheral Company sued IBM for patent infringement.
1On June 6th, 995, Taligent, a joint venture software company of IBM, Apple and Hewlett-Packard, released the first model.
1on June 9, 995, the federal judge agreed that IBM would no longer be affected by the 1956 judgment order.
On June 1995, 1 1, IBM announced a huge acquisition of Lotus Software Company.
1995 June 13, IBM announced the Internet plan to strengthen Internet access.
1On June 29th, 995, Microsoft paid IBM millions of dollars in software patent fees.
1July 6, 995, Lotus was forced to accept IBM's acquisition decision.
1995 July19, the Ministry of Justice announced the termination of the anti-monopoly restrictions initiated by 1956 on IBM.
19951June1kloc-0/,Jim manz, CEO of Lotus Company, announced his resignation four months after being acquired by IBM.
1February, 996 10, the machine defeated human beings: IBM "Deep Blue" computer defeated the world champion in the chess match.
1On February 20th, 996, Sears announced the sale of all the shares of Prodigy, which was established by Sears and IBM with huge investment.
1March 20, 996, at & amp； T agreed to let corporate customers completely switch to IBM's Lotus Notes.
1996 May 12, IBM and Sears signed an agreement to sell Prodigy, which cost more than 10 billion dollars.
1October 30th1996 10 Lotus Notes, a groupware product of IBM subsidiary, will have its own browser.
1996165438+1October 1 1, IBM announced that it would set up a network computer department.
1996 12 16, IBM announced that PowerPC was sentenced to death.
1On March 20th, 997, IBM merged with NetObjects, a software company that created and managed websites.
1On April 22nd, 997, IBM, Compaq, Apple and other computer companies reached a solution to the case that the monitor size misled consumers.
1On May 2, 1997, the Ministry of Justice announced the termination of legal restrictions on IBM from 1956.
1May 1997 1 1 day, IBM's "Deep Blue" computer defeated the world chess master Garry Kasparov.
On June 1997, IBM will close the online shopping website World Avenue.
1On September 22nd, 997, IBM announced a breakthrough in copper chip technology.
199865438+1On October 29th, Compaq beat IBM and became the exclusive computer sales of Radio Shack 6800 chain stores.
1February 2, 998, IBM installed10.2 million computers in public residential areas.
1998 18 on April 5, IBM launched a network work war with a price below $500.
1On April 23, 998, IBM introduced children's computers.
1September 9, 998, IBM announced the world's smallest hard disk, about the size of a matchbox.
1September, 1998 10, Microsoft called IBM, Sun and other competitors and accused them of plotting against Microsoft.