At that time, Yue Ming compared the Japanese Warring States War to the rural fighting in China from the perspective of numbers. The problem is that Renchen and Japan have more Japanese soldiers than Ming soldiers, so the marksmanship of the county magistrate is not about position at all, but about IQ.
Administrative divisions in Japan today
The battles in Antu Taoshan era were basically more than 10 thousand troops from both sides. Which county magistrate fought in the Ming Dynasty was the number of people at this level? General Qi's anti-Japanese war doesn't necessarily end here. Even if Ningxia counterinsurgency against the Ming army, there are only tens of thousands, and the number is objective. The warring sides have unilaterally fought tens of thousands of wars, at least more than 50. Not counting the battle of Ren Ying, only the following ones are counted: Kyung-ji, Kumuta, Shenliuchuan, Sister Chuan, Changxiao, Sanfang, He Yue, Huangzhai, Yandao, Jiutou Longchuan, Yueshan Futian, Renqu Bridge, Nakagawa Island, Sanzengka and Yi Shi Long Island twice, and the first two times.
County magistrate and Daming can't compare, not because of the size of the site, but because of the different nature. The county is not the territory of the county magistrate, but the court. If something goes wrong, it can't be handled, and there is the support of the court. The names are different. The country belongs to itself. If something goes wrong, it can only be supported by itself. Neighboring countries are also hostile, so county magistrates don't have to worry about other county magistrates sending troops to beat themselves.
Can Japan be called the Warring States Period? Sparrows are small and complete? The mountainous, multi-island, less plain terrain has created a situation in which although the total area is not large, there are also various vassal regimes. Coupled with the isolated environment of the island country, unlike Eurasia, which is often influenced by the outside world, it is a self-contained small world. If China's troubled times are compared to Suzhou gardens, the Japanese Warring States period is an exquisite bonsai, both of which are exquisite works of art and should not be distinguished by size.
Japan's Warring States Period
The bright moon refers to a country as small as a county during the Warring States period in Japan, so the Warring States period was a county magistrate duel. He himself underestimated the tragic degree of the ancient county magistrate's fighting, so he subconsciously thought that in the eyes of China people, the county magistrate's fighting was far less tragic than the war. At this time, people in China can link it by similarity in scale? Not serious? In my mind. However, in fact, the struggle between ancient county magistrates in China is also very tragic, and the similarity in scale cannot be linked? Not serious? In my mind. In addition to scale and tragic degree, there is another. Natural? The question is, is the war in Japan during the Warring States period still there? War? So it's not just? What is the impression of similar scale and tragic degree? If something goes wrong in this link, there will be a problem of nature. In other words, not only the two are confused, but also the three are confused or discussed.
In the geographical records of the twenty-fourth history, there are tens of thousands of people in many States of Japan, and there are thousands of people. Among the 66 Japanese countries, Lu Ao, the largest country, has a population of several million, while Malaysia and Chile have a population of not less than 10,000. It's right next to China. It looks small, but there are big countries everywhere. In addition, Vietnam and Japan were not a heavyweight in ancient times. The population of ancient Vietnam was about 3-5 million, and Japan had already exceeded100000. A Vietnamese province is similar to a county in China, but a Japanese county is at least equivalent to a prefecture-level city in China.
The picture shows a war situation in Japan during the Warring States Period.
First, Japan's national roads are imitations of the Tang Dynasty, and different dynasties have different national concepts. In the Han dynasty, Zhou was a first-class administrative region, and in the Tang dynasty, Zhou was a second-class administrative region.
Second, in ancient times, the population was recorded by households rather than by the number of mouths.
Third, Japan's Warring States period was after16th century, and the whole world was in an era of population explosion. The population of the same period in the Ming Dynasty had already exceeded 1 100 million.
Fourth, Lu Ao has a special status, because the northeast region was developed late, and the national highway was newly conquered in peacetime, so the country is particularly large and unrepresentative. In fact, there is not an example of a vassal monopolizing Lu Ao, and there are also several counties based on modern Japanese. If we take a special case as an example, there were millions of people in Nanyang County of Han Dynasty before the Warring States Period 1000, then Yuan Shu could gather10000 people in Nanyang, not to mention the Ming Dynasty of the same generation.
Fifth, the Changjian area 18000 stone in Jimo County. Do you think there were 10 thousand people at that time? Of course, this small country is a special case, but the average big country also has hundreds of thousands of people, and there were many counties of this size in the Ming Dynasty, not to mention that Yue Ming is still a county today.
6. Contemporary Japan covers an area of about 200,000 square kilometers, the core area of Ming Dynasty and Han Dynasty is about 3 million to 5 million square kilometers, the population of Japan is 8 million ~150,000, the population of Ming Dynasty is1~ 200 million, and there are 140 counties. You calculate, can Japan catch up with the contemporary prefecture-level cities?
Seventh, although the Japanese Warring States period is related to the original work, there are hundreds of thousands of wars in Odahara (in fact, the Taoshan era did not count as the Warring States period), but the main component of the Warring States period in the past century is a small-scale war with tens of thousands of people. Xinxuan's father worked hard to pull 5 thousand from Jiafei Mountain, and it was not easy for Zaoyun to pull 3 thousand against Izu's broken place. Are you talking about the northeast or thousands of people? Ida hit people, using the name of Qiaodong and Sasaki Beilu, in order to get a vote from the vassal, only to gather 30,000 people. There are more than 40,000 people on both sides, which is a once-in-a-century war in the Warring States Period in Northeast China. What can I say? The Jintian Army of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom also gathered so many people in the countryside.
The hierarchy of ancient Japan
The Warring States period in Japan is very similar to the feudal period in Europe. Professional military lords and peasants are interdependent. The former provides territorial protection for the latter, while the latter provides materials for the former. Under the banner of feudal co-ownership (there is a holy Roman emperor in Europe and an emperor in Japan), military lords go their own way according to their territories. Over time, conflicts of interest often arise between them, and they will go to war. However, under the feudal system, the territory was limited, and the places where the feudal system came into being were usually barren (so the interdependence between the lords and the people was needed to maintain the limited governance space), and too many people could not be supported, and there were few professional soldiers, so the scale of the war between feudal lords was not very large. Unlike the centralized county empire in China's history, tens of thousands of troops could be mobilized through a huge administrative network, and China had good farming conditions to support the people since ancient times.
Modern European countries have risen on the basis of territorial integration, but due to objective conditions, they still can't afford to fight too many wars. During the Thirty Years' War, King Gustav II of Sweden took only 80,000 people (if I remember correctly), which made the German chicken fly and the dog jump. At this time, Germany has not yet formed a unified country, and all the territories still belong to the Holy Roman Empire in name. When magdeburg was slaughtered by the Catholic Coalition forces as a Protestant territory, the death toll was about 60,000, which shows that the scale of the feudal war was very small compared with that of ancient China. Japan is not a centralized country, but a enfeoffment country. The Japanese16th century was quite chaotic, similar to the Spring and Autumn Warring States War in China and the Holy Roman Empire War in Europe. The main purpose of the war is to attack the nobles as the main elite and their personal soldiers. In many cases, the purpose of war is not to conquer, and the relationship with civilians is not too great, so it does little harm to the means of production and producers, so it will not cause population loss. The nobles hoped that other nobles would admit their cowardice, even if they annexed the territory. So there are very few massacres of civilians in the war.
A war in Japan during the Warring States period, with few people and mainly cold weapons.
First, the problem of Ming and Qing Dynasties is the low combat effectiveness of the army caused by political corruption, not the decline of mobilization. Because of the scale of system and population economy, they have a comparative advantage over other countries in the same period.
Second, the decline of military combat effectiveness caused by political corruption and institutional rigidity is widespread all over the world. Osman, Mughal, Vietnam and North Korea all have this problem, and Japan is no exception. From Guanyuan-Osaka-Shimahara, we can see the decline of combat effectiveness gradient. Only the west has solved this problem by relying on the industrial revolution and the wave of nationalism. Japan after Meiji was modernized, not Japan itself.
Third, the demise of Nanming came from political chaos and internal struggle, military failure was not the main cause, and mobilization was not the cause. Its army is quite large, but it is useless. Fourth, the reason why Japan gives people a sense of high mobilization is because the geographical span and intensity of the war during the Warring States period are small. It was just a wave of peasant soldiers from the whole family, let alone mobilization. The separation of soldiers and farmers in Zhifeng is the embodiment of mobilization. Fifth, Europe did not have an advantage in mobilization compared with the East in the 16 and 17 centuries, and was even threatened by the Ottoman maritime advantage. It was the industrial revolution and nationalism and the military and political system innovations they brought that changed these.
Japanese words until the middle and late Ming dynasty, the conditions look worse, Shangluo, Imagawa Yoshimoto? Army? Only 20,000, but at this time, Japan has not completed feudal integration like modern European countries. When it came to the battle of Guanyuan, because the lords stood in two teams and killed each other, they finally became a certain scale, with 80,000 on one side and120,000 on the other, so it was a battle with the modern European war. In fact, Japan is definitely a territorial power in Western Europe, even if there is no distant Hokkaido and newly annexed Ryukyu. To sum up, the feudal war in the Japanese Warring States period was certainly pitiful compared with that in ancient China, but it was normal under the feudal system; Besides, China's huge civilized empire system is rarely compared with other countries in the ancient world. Can only say that Japan is not too small, but China is too big!
Japan's five wonders and seven roads actually exist in name only.
First, Japan's "Five Kingdoms and Seven Roads" are illusory. The imperial country is actually a first-class administrative division, with 66 imperial countries, which is too much for the secretariat of 13 county, but it is reasonable for 36/48 county in Qin Dynasty and 100 county in Western Han Dynasty. Second, if we do not use the concept of administrative divisions to compare, but use the area to compare, that is, compare a dinosaur with a person. This comparison only makes sense in their respective contexts. Third, the administrative division of ancient Japan was imperial state, which should be compared with the county/county state system from the Qin Dynasty to the early Western Han Dynasty. At first, it was a struggle within a county-a war between county governors-the emergence of cross-county grazing-for the world.
The calculation of 250 people in Japan's four-nation system is the military service standard that Daming should bear according to his own strength in peacetime, not the number of conscripts in wartime. At the extreme point, the most soldiers that can be recruited in a certain place are all men of school age (the four countries recruited a large number of farmers when they lived in our department for a long time). Of course, the premise is that they can bear the consequences of super-high military pay, super-high military food consumption, wasteland, public grievances and so on. In fact, there is no need to recruit all of them, and the consequences are not affordable for ordinary troops. In terms of the number of recruits, as long as there is enough money, it is still easy to have more than 250 people per mangoku. In the final analysis, this problem is still an economic problem.
Because Japan has a very clear hierarchy, the two big families fight from the top. Even if they kill or surrender the enemy lords, it will be over. In this process, some troops will suffer casualties, but they will never slaughter tenant farmers. After the land is occupied, the tenant farmers under the enemy will automatically become their own, so you will find that Japanese castles only wrap the lords' own homes and never care about civilians, while China's county towns often wrap a large area of land, which is a very big difference between China and Japan.
The population of the three countries is twice that of Japan during the Warring States period, and the total number of soldiers and officials is twice that of Japan. Taking the Three Kingdoms as a reference, if the whole Japanese Warring States is equal to half of the Three Kingdoms, how powerful is the Japanese Warring States, where the vassal states are divided? Nobunaga started a county and a half, which is equivalent to 1% of Japan's, but isn't it 1% of the three countries? In terms of strength, 800 troops, 600%, cover the three countries, isn't it 1200%? Then, who is wronged when 400% of the Three Kingdoms are county heads? The population of Ming Dynasty was more than ten times that of Japan during the Warring States Period, and its theoretical strength was five or six times that of Japan during the Warring States Period. Suppose that the entire Japanese Warring States period is equivalent to one tenth of that of the Ming Dynasty, and there are about 200 secondary divisions in the Ming Dynasty. What do you think is the appropriate division number of a Japanese Warring States period? If the Japanese Warring States period is equivalent to two provinces in China, then Wenluqing is the long war of the country, Ren Ying Guanyuan is the governor's war, Oda, Takeda, Maori and Kitajima are mayors, and most of the rest are county heads and townships. Is this hard to understand?