In order to let students play the main role in history classroom teaching and make classroom teaching effective, we must first do the following work:
First, stimulate interest and mobilize students' initiative in learning history
In the process of history teaching, we should stimulate students' interest in learning in various ways. ① Let students take the initiative to participate by discussing and communicating, engaging in practical activities, performing sketches and writing small historical papers. For example, after learning about the French Revolution and the First Empire of France, ask students to evaluate the historical figure Napoleon. Let the students make some preparations in advance. Through surfing the Internet, consulting materials in the library and printing and distributing some materials by the teacher, let the students evaluate Napoleon from different angles, discuss in groups, and then choose a representative from each group to explain their views. Through discussion and communication, students' interest in learning is stimulated, the classroom atmosphere is enlivened, students' language expression ability is exercised, and they also learn to cooperate in the process. ② Use multimedia courseware, related videos, short plays, pictures and music to create scenes and stimulate interest. ③ Make use of beautiful chapters in traditional culture such as poems and songs to improve the interest.
Second, create an environment to change individual learning into cooperative learning.
To give full play to students' main role, learning activities should be student-oriented and provide a broad stage for students' group cooperative learning. When organizing history teaching activities, teachers should pay attention to creating an atmosphere of group learning and constantly enriching the content of group activities. Such as group discussion, self-made teaching pictures, group communication, group competition, etc. At the same time, it should be emphasized that students should respect others and listen to opinions with an open mind in group activities, so that everyone in the group has a chance to express themselves, everyone is inspired and the group members make progress. It is also necessary to cultivate students' sense of collective honor, and team members should share the honor.
Third, improve teaching methods to reflect autonomous learning. Under the background of the new curriculum reform, teachers should change the traditional teaching concept, that is, students are the main body of learning activities in a class, and teachers should adopt different teaching methods according to different teaching materials and students' actual situation to reflect students' dominant position. A few days ago, when I visited and studied in Shengzhuang No.2 Middle School in Tai 'an City, I found that they tried to let "students take charge of the class". The class is presided over by one or two students. Under the guidance of the host, the students either read aloud or speak, or scramble to answer, or teach themselves, or discuss or show. The atmosphere is warm and active, and the classroom effect is very good. Known as "wonderful host", it really achieves the goal of students' active and independent learning.
Fourth, to establish a harmonious relationship between teachers and students, students must also be respected in history teaching, because students and teachers are equal in personality. Only when teachers and students are equal can students express their views in the teaching process, which will help teachers to further encourage students to question boldly and dare to challenge authority. Teachers should not say "no" to students' questions easily, let alone reprimand them, but should encourage them. Harmonious teacher-student relationship is also manifested in: in life, caring about the healthy growth of students, paying attention to every detail of students' lives, enhancing emotional communication with students, and "capturing students' hearts" with "true love" to truly establish a harmonious and democratic teacher-student relationship. Only in this way can students put down their psychological burdens and dare to be true to their teachers, and truth can give full play to its role as an educator in the process of "arguing more and understanding more".
In short, under the new curriculum reform, we should give full play to students' main role in history classroom, pay attention to the thinking process of knowledge, enhance students' awareness of questions, encourage students to question boldly, and effectively improve the quality of history classroom teaching. This is an effective scientific teaching method to implement the new curriculum standard teaching.