(1) The reform of China's customs system has promoted the development and perfection of the customs system (or improved the maritime level); Hold Wentong Museum to introduce western science and technology; The development of postal service has promoted the establishment of modern postal service. (6 points)

(2) Hurd's reform measures in China Customs, Wentong Museum, Postal Service and other fields are objectively beneficial to China's modernization. However, during his tenure as the General Administration of Customs and Taxation, Hurd violated customs sovereignty, colluded with the Qing government to suppress the Boxer Rebellion, and interfered in China's internal affairs and foreign affairs. He was the spokesman for the British invasion of China. (9 points)

Test analysis:

(1) This question examines the ability to summarize and summarize materials. 1863, British Hurd became the General Tax Department of China Customs to improve the inspection system of various customs. Perfecting the personnel system of foreign customs officials; The maritime department was established in1868; The maritime level of some coastal ports in China has reached a fairly high level. After the relocation of the State Administration of Taxation 1866, Hurd participated in the affairs of Wentong Museum. The funds of Wentong Museum are provided by the Customs. Hurd participated in the management of Wentong Museum, and he personally questioned the teaching quality and treatment. 1896, the Qing government ordered the customs to set up a national postal service to replace the backward official post stations and private information bureaus, and to control the postal rights in China in the hands of the customs and tax authorities. According to the above information, summarize Hurd's main activities in China.

(2) This question examines the ability to evaluate historical figures. From the viewpoint of dialectical materialism, this paper objectively evaluates Hurd's main activities in China from both positive and negative aspects: Hurd's reform measures in China Customs, Wentong Museum, postal services and other fields are objectively beneficial to China's modernization. However, during his tenure as the General Administration of Customs and Taxation, Hurd violated customs sovereignty, colluded with the Qing government to suppress the Boxer Rebellion, and interfered in China's internal affairs and foreign affairs. He was the spokesman for the British invasion of China.