1, the first Japanese invasion of China. In the mid-Ming Dynasty, coastal defense was slack, and Japanese samurai, businessmen and pirates often harassed the coastal areas of China, resulting in rampant Japanese pirates. The Ming government mobilized troops to wipe out Japanese pirates in coastal areas.

156 1 year, with the support of the people, the "Qijiajun" led by the anti-Japanese hero Qi Jiguang wiped out the enemy in Zhejiang. Later, the pirates in Fujian and Guangdong were pacified, and by 1565, the pirates along the southeast coast were basically eliminated.

2. The second time was the Portuguese invasion of China. From the beginning of16th century, some European colonists came to the coastal areas of China to carry out aggressive activities. 1553 Portuguese colonists seized the right of abode in China, Guangdong and Macao. After 1557, they privately expanded their land in Macao, built forts and set up government offices, and began to occupy Macao for a long time.

The third time was the Dutch invasion of China. 1624, Dutch colonists invaded Anping Bay in the southwest coast of Taiwan Province Province, China, and built Chikan City (now Tainan, Taiwan Province Province), and later further invaded the whole Taiwan Province Province.

Colonists imposed heavy taxes on local people and sold a large number of people from Taiwan Province Province overseas as slaves. 166 1 year, Zheng Chenggong led a warship across the Taiwan Province Strait from Kinmen. With the support of local people, he defeated the Dutch colonists who occupied Taiwan Province Province for 38 years. At the beginning of the following year, the Dutch colonists surrendered to Zheng Chenggong, and Taiwan Province Province returned to the embrace of the motherland.

The fourth time was when Russia invaded China. /kloc-In the late 6th century, tsarist Russia expanded eastward across the Urals. When the Qing army entered the customs, it seized Chahar and Nebuchadnezzar Chu. Russian invaders burned, killed and looted, and committed all kinds of evils.

1685 and 1686, Emperor Kangxi twice ordered the Qing army to attack and occupy the Russian army in jaxa, causing heavy casualties to the Russian army, forcing it to agree to negotiate to solve the eastern border issue.

5. The First Opium War. /kloc-At the beginning of the 9th century, the western powers led by Britain sold opium to China, poisoning the people of China, which was opposed by China, and a wave of smoking ban swept across the southeast coast. 1840 in June, the British fleet sailed into the Guangdong Sea, blocked the Pearl River Estuary and provoked, and the Opium War began. 184 1 At the beginning of the year, the British army expanded its war of aggression against China.

In more than a year, the British army occupied Hong Kong Island in Guangdong and captured some cities along the southeast coast of China. The people in Sanyuanli, Guangzhou fought bravely against Britain, and the British suffered heavy losses. However, the Qing government organized the Qing army to resist poorly, and the war was losing ground. 1842 In August, British warships arrived at Xiaguan River in Nanjing, and fired guns to threaten to attack the city. The Qing government succumbed to peace and the Opium War ended.

6. The Second Opium War. After the First Opium War, France and the United States used the Huangpu Treaty and the Wang Xia Treaty as excuses to amend the treaties after 12 years, and Britain invoked the most-favored-nation clause to "share all benefits" and jointly attacked the Qing government.

Britain, France and the United States tried to further open the China market, expand the rights and interests of aggression, and demanded to amend the treaty, which was rejected by the Qing government, causing the three countries to become angry from embarrassment and openly clamoring that "diplomacy can only be held at gunpoint" and "China people must be taught a lesson".

/kloc-in the autumn of 0/856, Britain brazenly sent warships to attack Guangzhou city under the pretext of the Yarrow incident. Under the pretext of "Father Ma incident", France agreed to send troops together with Britain, so the war of aggression against China broke out between Britain and France. This war of aggression is actually a continuation of the Opium War, so it is called the Second Opium War.

7. Tsarist Russia occupied a large territory of our country. 65438+During the 1950s and 1980s of 2009, Russia took advantage of the fire to rob the Qing government and forced it to sign a large number of unequal treaties, occupying more than 0.5 million square kilometers of the northern territory of China.

8. The vast country invaded Xinjiang. 1865, Agubo, the military leader of a big country in Central Asia, invaded Xinjiang and occupied Kashgar, and soon occupied the vast areas north and south of Tianshan Mountain.

9. Russia invaded Yili, Xinjiang. 187 1 year, under the pretext of "stabilizing the border order", Russia invaded the Ili region of Xinjiang and brutally colonized the local people of all ethnic groups. 188 1 year, China and Russia signed the Ili Treaty, and China recovered Ili, but it still lost part of its territory.

10, Japanese invasion of Taiwan Province province. 1874, with the support of the United States, the Japanese army invaded the territory of Taiwan Province Province, China, and met with tenacious resistance from the people of Taiwan Province Province. Later, under the so-called "mediation" of Britain and the United States, Japan extorted 502,000 silver from the Qing government before withdrawing its troops from Taiwan Province Province.

1 1, the Sino-French war broke out. 1At the end of 883, the Sino-French war broke out. By 1885, France had occupied Mawei military port in China, Taiwan Province Province, Zhejiang Province, lang son and other places, and the French army was defeated. However, the weak Qing government made peace with France. 1In the summer of 885, Li Hongzhang and French Minister Badeno signed the Sino-French New Testament in Tianjin.

The treaty stipulates that: the Qing government recognizes French colonial rule over Vietnam; Opening commercial ports on the Sino-Vietnamese border; China should build railways in Guangxi and Yunnan in the future, and should do business with France. France withdrew its troops from Keelung and Penghu. Since then, French aggression has extended to Yunnan and Guangxi, opening the door to the southwest of China.

Britain invaded Tibet. 1888, Britain sent troops to attack the southern border of Tibet. Later, it forced the Qing government to open Tibet Yadong as a commercial port. Since then, British troops have invaded Tibet.

13, the Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895 broke out. 1894 in July, the Japanese navy attacked China's troop carrier near Toyoshima, North Korea, without declaring war. In August, the Qing government was forced to declare war on Japan. At this point, the Sino-Japanese Sino-Japanese War broke out.

The Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895 was divided into two stages: the first stage, launching the war of Pyongyang and the war of the Yellow Sea; In the second stage, the Liaodong Campaign and Weihai Campaign were launched. The beiyang fleet Army of the Qing government was wiped out. The war ended in China's defeat.

14, the world powers rose to carve up China. After treaty of shimonoseki, the world powers set off a frenzy to carve up China, and divided "spheres of influence" one after another. Germany forcibly leased JIAOZHOU bay and classified Shandong as a "sphere of influence"; Russia forcibly leased Lushun and Dalian.

Divide the north of the Great Wall and Xinjiang into "spheres of influence"; France forcibly leased Guangzhou Bay and divided Guangdong and Guangxi into "spheres of influence"; Britain forcibly leased the New Territories and Ahava, and classified the Yangtze River basin, Yunnan and Guangdong as "spheres of influence"; Japanese occupation of Taiwan Province Province and Penghu Islands divided Fujian into "spheres of influence".

15, Eight-Nation Alliance invaded China. 1at the beginning of June, 900, Britain, Russia, Germany, France, the United States, Japan, Italy and Austria formed Eight-Nation Alliance, led by Seymour of vice admiral, England, and invaded Beijing from Tianjin. In mid-June, Eight-Nation Alliance landed in Dagukou in large numbers, captured Dagubao and invaded Tianjin.

The Boxer fought bravely with the Qing army guarding Tianjin, and Nie Shizhen, the general of the Qing army, died. In July 14, Tianjin fell. At the beginning of August, Eight-Nation Alliance invaded Beijing from Tianjin under the command of German Marshal Vadexi. Soon, Beijing fell.

Empress Dowager Cixi fled hastily. On the way, she ordered the Qing army to "eradicate" the Boxer Rebellion. The corruption of the Qing government and the backwardness of China led to the failure of China.

16, Japan's full-scale war of aggression against China. At present, 1937 is considered as the beginning of Japan's full-scale aggression against China, but in fact, Japan's aggression against China began in the late Qing Dynasty.

Extended data:

Britain invaded China in two Opium Wars;

1, First Opium War: 65438+June 0840 ~ 65438+August 0842.

2. The Second Opium War: 1856 10 months ~ 1860 10 months. The two Opium Wars gradually reduced old China to a semi-feudal and semi-colonial society.

Japan invaded China;

1, Sino-Japanese War

2.1931-1945 War of aggression against China.

The United States invaded Vietnam, Afghanistan, Iraq, Libya and Iran.

Baidu Encyclopedia-War of Aggression