I. Qin Mugong
1, personal information:
Qin Mugong (? -before 62 1 year), one was Qin Miaogong, surnamed Zhao, and Qin Degong had a young son. In the Spring and Autumn Period, in the thirty-ninth year of Qin's reign (659- 62 BC1year), posthumous title Mu was recognized as one of the five tyrants in the Spring and Autumn Period by Historical Records and other books.
After Qin Mugong succeeded to the throne, he appointed Baijila, Jianshu, as counselors, defeated the State of Jin, captured Jin alive, and destroyed Liang, Rui, Slippery and other countries. Qin Mugong once helped Jin Wengong to return to the State of Jin and seize the throne, which realized the goodness of Qin and Jin.
He made a certain contribution to the development of the Qin Dynasty and the national integration of the ancient West, and he was a statesman with achievements. Qin Mugong died 62 1 years ago and was buried in Yongcheng (now southeast of Fengxiang, Baoji, Shaanxi), a martyr 177.
2. Main achievements:
During Qin Mugong's reign, he recruited wise men and boldly appointed foreign talents, which was the first of Qin.
Qin Mugong is developing westward. He tricked Yu Yu, who had defected from the State of Jin to the Rong people, into being a counselor. According to Yu Yu's plan, the State of Qin gradually eliminated 12 countries (some say 20) established by the Xirong people.
During the reign of King Xiang of Zhou, Qin Mugong sent troops to attack countries such as Shu, west of Hanguguan, and expanded its territory for more than 1,000 miles. Therefore, King Xiang of Zhou appointed him as the uncle of the western governors, and then dominated Xirong, which laid the foundation for the unification of China by Qin in the future.
Second, Qin Xiaogong.
1, personal information:
Qin Xiaogong (3865438 BC+65438 BC+February 6th BC-338 BC), surnamed Zhao, was the king in Yuejueshu, and the famous Quliang was recorded in Historical Records. The son of Qin Xiangong, the monarch of Qin State in the Warring States Period, reigned from 3665438 BC to 338 BC.
Qin Xiaogong made great use of Wei Yang (that is, Shang Yang) to carry out political reform, rewarded the agricultural war, moved the capital to Xianyang (now northeast of Xianyang, Shaanxi), set up county-level administration, and opened up a new road. While strengthening centralization, we will continuously improve agricultural production.
Externally, Qin signed a treaty with Chu and North Korea, and joined forces with Qi and Zhao to attack Anyi, the capital of Wei (now northwest of Xia County, Shanxi Province), extending its territory to the east of Luoshui. Since then, the national strength has become stronger and stronger, which laid the foundation for Qin to unify China.
2. Main achievements:
In the early Warring States period, Qin had a vast territory, a large population and little land, most of the land had not been developed, and agricultural production was far inferior to that of eastern countries. After Qin Xiaogong acceded to the throne, he deeply felt that "princes are not as good as Qin, and their ugliness is not great". He was determined to reform the country and make it strong, and issued a decree on seeking talents. Shang Yang came to Qin under this background.
After the end of the political reform, in 359 BC, Qin Xiaogong ordered Shang Yang to issue the Qin Reclamation Order, which started the comprehensive political reform.
Its main contents include: stimulating agricultural production, restraining commercial development, remolding social values, improving agricultural social consciousness, weakening the privileges of nobles and officials, allowing domestic nobles to join agricultural production, and implementing a unified tax and rent system.
In the eighth year of Qin Xiaogong (354 BC), Qin Xiaogong took advantage of Wei Jun's main attack to send troops to attack Wei, defeat Wei Jun and occupy Shaoliang. In the same year, he ordered Gongsunzhuang to lead an army to attack South Korea and insert it into the border areas of Wei Dynasty.
Third, Qin
1, personal information:
King Qin Huiwen (356- 3 BC11), also known as King Qin Huiwen, was named Zhao, the son of the King of Qin in the Warring States Period, and his reign was from 337 BC to 3 1 1 year.
Qin Huiwen ascended the throne in the 19th year of his reign and accused the imperial clan of killing Wei Yang. In 325 BC, it was changed from "Gong" to "Wang" and changed to the first year, becoming the first king of Qin. ?
During Qin Huiwen's reign, he plundered Yiqu in the north, conquered Xiping Bashu in the east, conquered Hangu in the east and conquered Shangyang in the south, which laid a solid foundation for Qin to unify China.
2. Main achievements:
In the eighth year of King Yuan Geng of Qin Huiwen (365,438+08 BC), the five countries of Wei, Zhao, Korea, Yan and Chu jointly attacked Qin, and King Qin Huiwen sent a concubine, Chi Li, to break the three armies of Wei, Zhao and Korea, repair fish and cut 80,000. Temporarily resist the attack of the eastern allies.
However, Itraconazole in the west sent troops to attack Qin Jun and Rip. Under the attack of east and west, Qin Huiwen changed his strategy in time. In the tenth year of King Huiwen of Qin Dynasty (3 16 BC), he used Sima Cuo's stratagem to attack Shu and break the Shu army. Destroy Shu.
In the 13th year of Yuan Geng, King Huiwen of Qin Dynasty (365,438+03 BC), Zhang Yi was sent from the State of Qin to the State of Chu, and he was treacherous, thus inducing the absolute neatness of the State of Chu. Then, its purpose is to anger Chu Huaiwang and induce Chu to risk sending troops to attack Qin.
Qin Jun defeated the Chu Army in Danyang (referring to the area north of the Danjiang River between Shaanxi and Henan) and acquired the land in Hanzhong. Relieved the threat of Chu to Qin and Bashu. Chu never recovered.
In this way, the Guanzhong, Hanzhong and Bashu areas of the State of Qin were connected, and the State of Qin formed a condescending oppression situation against the six countries. ? [6][8] King Qin Huiwen not only won militarily, but also expanded his territory.
Moreover, in view of the situation that Shou merged with the six countries and launched the eastern countries to attack Qin vertically, Zhang Yi's Lian Heng strategy was adopted, and the strategy of disintegration and divide and rule was implemented, which repelled the attacks of the six countries and won political and diplomatic victories. It created favorable conditions for Ying Zheng, king of Qin, to destroy the Six Kingdoms.
Fourth, Qin
1, personal information:
Qin Guoxiang (325- 25 BC1), also known as the King of Qin, won surname, Zhao name, also known as Ji, son of the King of Qin, half brother, King of Qin in the Warring States Period, reigned from 306 BC to 25 BC1,which was the longest in China history.
In the forty-first year of Qin Dynasty (266 BC), he listened to Wei's words, seized the right of the Empress Dowager Xuan, worshipped him as the prime minister, changed the strategy of attacking from far to near, and defeated Zhao in Changping (now northwest of Gaoping, Shanxi).
He has effective ministers and generals such as Fan Ju and Wu Youleitian. In 256 BC, Luoyi, the capital of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, was captured, the Zhou Dynasty and the Western Zhou Dynasty were destroyed, and Zhou Nanwang was captured and moved to Xianyang, which laid one of the foundations for the victory of the Qin unification war. ?
Qin fought for many years, and in the last years of Zhao Haoqi, people's livelihood withered, and was jointly suppressed by the vassal states, and the results were discarded one by one. In the fifty-sixth year of Qin Zhaoxiang (25 1 BC), King Zhao Xiang died at the age of 75.
2. Main achievements:
In the forty-seventh year of Qin Dynasty (260 BC), Wang Bi, the left matriarch of Qin State, attacked Zhao and captured Shangdang (the eldest son of Changzhi, Shanxi). Lian Po, the general of Zhao, knew in his heart that he could not fight hard, and stood on both sides evenly, waiting for an opportunity to attack.
Qin deeply felt that Lian Po was a menace to Qin, so he threatened that Qin was not afraid of Lian Po, but Zhao Kuo. Zhao appointed Zhao Kuo to replace Lian Po, and Qin people were overjoyed at the news. They secretly sent General Tian Lei to replace Wang Bi.
Zhao's attack is divided into two parts. Relying on the terrain, Qin Jun surrounded Zhao with more than 500,000 troops, and Zhao was deprived of food for 46 days, which was a catastrophe. Qin Jun killed Zhao Kuo and buried more than 400,000 surrendered soldiers in Changping (Gaoping City, Jincheng City, Shanxi Province), which greatly shocked the whole country of Zhao.
Fifth, Qin Shihuang
1, personal information:
Qin Shihuang (259 BC-265438 BC+00 BC) surnamed Zhao, also known as (Zheng) and, or Zulong, was the son of Wang Xiang of Qin Zhuang. China is a famous politician, strategist and reformer in history, an iron-fisted politician who unified China, and the first monarch in China to be called the emperor.
Qin Shihuang was born in Handan (now Handan), the capital of Zhao State, and spent his youth here. In the first 247 years, 13 was king.
Before 2 10, Qin Shihuang died in Xingtai sand dunes on his way eastward.
2. Main achievements:
From 230 to 22 1 year, Korea, Zhao, Wei, Chu, Yan and Qi were destroyed successively. At the age of 39, he completed the great cause of reunifying China, established a powerful centralized country with the Han nationality as the main body, and laid the territory of China.
In the central government, three officials and nine ministers manage state affairs. The enfeoffment system was abolished at the local level and replaced by the county system. At the same time, books are written in the same language and cars are on the same track. Unified measurement. Attacking Xiongnu in the north, conquering Baiyue in the south, building the Great Wall of Wan Li, building Lingqu and connecting the water system.
Baidu encyclopedia-Qin Shihuang
Baidu encyclopedia-Qin
Baidu encyclopedia-Qin
Baidu Encyclopedia-Qin Xiaogong
Baidu Encyclopedia-Qin Mugong