This pavilion with six steles was a memorial building established by the National Government when the Huayuankou was successfully blocked in May 1947. The center of the pavilion was surrounded by six steles. On the first stone tablet, Chiang Kai-shek wrote the words "An Lan is the country"; The inscription "An Lan has a celebration" on the second stone tablet was written by the administrative institute of the National Government at that time; Third, on the four stone tablets, it is the documentary of Huayuankou project written by Zhu Guang, director of the Bureau of Blocking and Rehabilitation Engineering; On the fifth stone tablet, He Long tablet at Huayuankou; On the sixth stone tablet, it is a list of the heads of the auxiliary institutions.
The pavilion is very small, located in an inconspicuous place below the north side of the levee, and looks very lonely. The six stone tablets in the pavilion are protected by barbed wire. I thought they were cultural relics. Later, I went to the Yellow River Museum for an interview and saw a hexahedral stone pillar wrapped in plastic sheets in the yard. The comrades in the museum told me that this is the original. Those stone tablets in the gossip pavilion are replicas.
I stood in the gossip pavilion and read the inscription on the tablet carefully. I think the author's writing is "original" The inscription does not directly say that the National Government opened the Huayuankou, but comes straight to the point: "In the summer and June of the 27th year of the Republic of China, the river was broken at Huayuankou, Zheng County, on the south bank, and the Japanese invaders peeped into the Central Plains ... because of the flood, the iron hoof became an obstacle ..." As for why the river was decided, it is not in the inscription. Although the disaster brought by the breach of Huayuankou levee to the people in the lower reaches of the Yellow River has not been avoided, it has not been specifically said: "... whenever hundreds of rivers rush to irrigate in summer and autumn, the four blasphemies merge, and the terrible disaster is unbearable to witness and indescribable ..."
A six-sided pavilion was also built in August 1997, dozens of meters east of the Bagua Pavilion set up by the National Government, the Henan Provincial People's Government and the Yellow River Water Conservancy Commission. The stone tablet recorded the real process of the garden entrance from scraping to blocking.
1945 After Japan surrendered in August, the National Government decided to block the Huayuankou and divert the Yellow River back to its original channel.
1946 In February, the Yellow River Blocking and Rehabilitation Engineering Bureau was established, and the Huayuankou River Blocking Project was started in March.
By that time, the Yellow River had been diverted for eight years. During this period, China led the soldiers and civilians on both sides of the Old Yellow River to establish the Hebei-Shandong-Henan Liberated Area and the Bohai Liberated Area. Most of the land in the old riverbed was reclaimed as farmland, and hundreds of thousands of people cultivated and lived in it. In this case, if the dike is not rebuilt first and the mouth is blocked directly, it is tantamount to recreating a flood plain. Moreover, the dam-building project of the old Yellow River was seriously damaged during the Anti-Japanese War and urgently needed to be repaired. Therefore, on the one hand, China * * * agreed to the scheme of sealing the Yellow River, on the other hand, it put forward the basic idea of "sealing after embankment". The national government, on the other hand, was eager to block the mouth and issued the order that "it is better to stop the military transport, stop the river transport, and complete it within a time limit, or shoot." Bai Chongxi, Minister of National Defense, also went to Huayuankou site to supervise the construction.
At that time, the chief engineer of Huayuankou Sealing and Reconstruction Engineering Bureau supported the request of * * * and agreed to postpone the original closing time. For this reason, the chief engineer had a sharp opposition with the American consultant of the Bureau of Blocking and Rehabilitation Engineering, and finally resolutely resigned to show his opposition.
1On March 3rd, 946, Zhao Shouyu, Chairman of the Yellow River Conservancy Commission of the National Government, went to Xinxiang to discuss the Yellow River closure and dike restoration with Zhou Enlai, Marshall and Zhang Zhizhong, and decided to send representatives from all parties to negotiate.
After that, in 1 year, the liberated areas led by * * * negotiated with the water conservancy departments under the National Government for many times, and the two sides successively signed agreements in Kaifeng, Heze, Nanjing and Shanghai. According to the agreement, the closure project and the dike restoration project will be carried out at the same time, and the closure time will be determined by both parties through consultation depending on the progress of dike restoration. The cost of re-embankment project and the resettlement and relief of riverbed residents shall be paid by the state government.
1On June 26th, 946, Kuomintang troops attacked the liberated areas on a large scale and launched a full-scale civil war. In order to cooperate with the military attack and destroy the production and construction in the liberated areas, the Kuomintang stepped up the blockade project and sent planes to bomb the dike site in the liberated areas.
On March 1947 and 15, the National Government closed Huayuankou without negotiating with the Chinese Communist Party, and the Yellow River immediately resumed its original path.
Although the National Government failed to fulfill the negotiation agreement, the representatives of the Chinese Communist Party headed by Zhou Enlai insisted on rational and moderate struggle, which finally delayed the Kuomintang's plan to block the mouth and bought time for the downstream dike construction.
Two hexagonal pavilions, East and West, record the same thing. History has made a fair judgment on who is right and who is wrong, which is true and which is false.
It is gratifying that the history of suffering has passed after all, and today's Huayuankou is striding towards the future with a brand-new look.
Jin Tan River Bureau of the Yellow River is located in the south of Huayuankou, which is an important unit responsible for the construction and protection of the Yellow River levee at Huayuankou. Speaking of Huayuankou, Yu Hanqing, deputy director of Jinyong River Affairs Bureau, is very proud: "The Yellow River Committee proposed the standardization construction of the Yellow River levee, and our Huayuankou dangerous workers are demonstration units." Speaking of the history of harnessing the Yellow River, Yu Hanqing felt deeply: "The Yellow River is not only the mother river of the Chinese nation, but also an unruly and troubled river, which was once called' the worry of China'. Harnessing the Yellow River has always been a major event for the national economy and people's livelihood. In the Song Dynasty, there were sailors managing the river at Huayuankou, and this dangerous work at Huayuankou had existed during the Kangxi period of the Qing Dynasty. In old China, whenever the flood in the lower reaches of the Yellow River exceeded 654.38+00,000 cubic meters per second, almost all crevasses would be flooded, and instances of crevasses less than 6000 cubic meters per second also occurred frequently. Since the founding of New China, Huayuankou has been flooded 10 cubic meters per second 10 times without any breach. An Lan is over 50 years old, more than 50 years. This is the fortune of the country and the fortune of the nation! "
1978 The film "The Running River" truly reflects the historical truth of Chiang Kai-shek's opening of a garden in Zhengzhou.