There are several different opinions about the aborigines in Phuket. Some people think that they may be black, some people think that they may be sea gypsies belonging to Mocan, and some people think that they may be immigrants from Bagumen Kingdom in Myanmar.
Around the 4th century AD, a group of Tamils who fled their native India because of unbearable began to colonize the whole west coast of Malay Peninsula, including Phuket. During the 7th century to13rd century, Phuket and its adjacent areas were controlled by Srivijaya, a Malay kingdom located in Sumatra. At that time, the kingdom took Phuket and Takua Pha, a port in the north of Bangkok, Thailand, as the commercial and cultural centers in the nearby areas. In contrast, due to the lack of estuaries and ports that can be used for shipping and the sparse population, the overall development of Phuket can be said to be a backwater.
Phuket was first incorporated into Thailand at the end of 13, when Sukhothai King Ram Khan was in power. At that time, Bamboo Cuba was included in the administrative area of Nakong Temple, and Phuket was also included in its scope. At that time, the environment in Phuket was primitive and uncivilized. People mainly live in the lowlands on the edge of the black forest on the whole island, while wild tigers, rhinoceroses, elephants, crocodiles and bears shuttle through the jungle. Although it is only a small island, Phuket is rich in mineral resources, including ivory, precious stones, natural pearls, fur, spices and dragon saliva. These resources have long been coveted by foreign ethnic groups from all directions, including Malay pirates, Arab merchants, Tamil settlers, silk merchants in China and adventurers from distant Portugal. Therefore, since the excavation of the first tin mine on the island in the17th century, the island's inevitable economic and political importance in the future has been doomed.
1626, Dutch businessmen were allowed to set up trading posts in Phuket. During the reign of King Nale, who actively expanded diplomacy, from 1656 to 1688, the then French ambassador to Siam began to notice the potential of tin mines in Phuket in the global trade market. Therefore, under the struggle of France, Naray appointed French missionary brother Rene Charbonneau to rule Phuket in 168 1 and set the administrative center in Talang. At the same time, Naray also plans to put the management of Phuket directly under the economic and foreign affairs departments of Siam. 1767, Pama (now Myanmar) defeated the Ayutthaya dynasty in Thailand, enabling Malays to take advantage of the chaos to occupy Phuket. At that time, the Burmese army organized a huge expedition fleet to attack Phuket at 1785 to test the attitude of the newly established Chakri dynasty in Bangkok. Although Captain Francis Wright, the founder of Penang, Malaysia, sent a letter to warn the then Governor of Phuket, 3,000 Burmese expeditionary forces marched in, occupied cities such as Panya, Taguapa and Taguatong, and continued to attack Tarang on Phuket.
At that time, the atmosphere in Talon was very depressing. The prefect of Phuket was killed. Chen, the widow of the chief prefect, was the granddaughter of Sultan Kidal. As Phuket owes a large debt to the Royal Ministry of Finance, it is quite unlikely that Tai Huang Rama I of Bangkok will send troops to help. The Bapa fortress held by Phuket may fall at any time, but Zhuang did not leave before he was able to escape. Zhuang and her sister, Mu Ke, gathered his people together. At that time, because most men had died in a limited number of wars, they gathered 500 women, holding coconut branches coated with bituminous coal and pretending to be weapons. The effect of this strategy made the Burmese army dare not rashly attack in an all-round way, while the Thai army successfully raided the Burmese army on the hill near Bangtao Bay. After a month's efforts, the Burmese army finally withdrew in March 1785.
In recognition of their bravery, Rama I awarded them the titles of Thao Thep Kasat Tri and Thao Si Sunthon, of which the former is usually a noble title reserved only for members of the royal family. Their bronze statues are still a very famous tourist attraction in Phuket, which is the heroine monument in the center of the pier square circle in downtown Tarang. In addition, the cross-sea bridge connecting Phuket and Phang Nga Island in Thailand was also named Te Casati Bridge to commemorate the heroic achievements.
Later, from 1809 to 18 12, when Buddha Lotra Naboulet first ascended the throne, Myanmar attacked Phuket three times, taking advantage of Thailand's weak national strength and lax armaments. Under their plunder, the two cities of Juguba and Jugutong were destroyed again, and the ports of Tarang and Tarua were also captured. However, due to the constant resistance of the Thai people in Phuket and other provinces, the area was spared further slaughter until the arrival of troops in Bangkok. As the dust of the war settled, Phuket, as a strategic front, was planned to be directly managed by the Ministry of National Defense of the Kingdom of Thailand, and later belonged to Luo Kun Palace.
Myanmar was occupied by Britain in 1824, which completely ended the Burmese army's aggression against Thailand. Many Phuket people who fled to Pan-Asia can finally return to their hometown to rebuild Talang, but the light of Talang has long been obscured by another budding town on the island-a large number of Chinese from Penang, Malaysia, came here to develop tin mines, which contributed to the rise of Phuket. Although the arrival of South China University of Technology has brought prosperity to economic activities, it has also brought new turmoil. 1876, two groups of China miners had a dispute, which instantly turned into a fierce bloody battle. The riot spread to uncontrolled mobs all over the island and began to slaughter and rob everywhere. Local Thais gathered at Wat Chalong Temple in Phuket. The monks in the temple not only helped the wounded, but also encouraged people to unite against the mob. Therefore, they were able to successfully resist the mob when it arrived, and put down the riots under the mediation of monks. For the whole development history of Phuket, Sir Phraya Rasdanupradit Mahissara Phakdi made the greatest contribution. He ruled Phuket from 1890 to 1909. "Phraya" was later given to him by Emperor Chulalongkorn of Thailand, literally translated as Buddha, or equivalent to Sir in Britain.
Under Sir Rasta's rule, Phuket has built a large number of European-style buildings and new wide roads, while encouraging the poor to raise livestock and bring them to new markets for trading to increase their income. Under his franchise, Standard Chartered Bank set up the first Thai base in Phuket, when the first modern hospital in southern Thailand was also located in the government. , Muang Phuket) completed.
190 1 year, he first introduced rubber trees from Penang, Malaysia, and settled in Phuket. After more than 100 years of development, Thailand is one of the best rubber exporters in the world today.
During the reign of Emperor Chulalongkorn, seeing Sir Rasta's great achievements, he united six nearby mineral-rich provinces-Banya, Krabi, Lalang, Dongli, Shadun and ZhuCuba-and placed them under the jurisdiction of Phuket, which was called "Monton Phuket" in history. Sir Rasta was promoted to Governor of Phuket. His position and title as Governor of Phuket are hereditary, but in fact it is only inherited by one generation.
1933, with the transformation of Thailand's state system from absolute monarchy to constitutional monarchy, Phuket, like other Thai ministries, became a self-reliant county government, managed by a magistrate appointed by Thailand's Ministry of the Interior.
65438+On February 26th, 2004, an undersea earthquake occurred near Sumatra, Indonesia, which triggered a severe tsunami and swept the west coast of Thailand, including Phuket. According to statistics, 250 people were killed in Phuket, including many European and American tourists and tourists from other Asian countries who came to Asia for a holiday in winter. After the tsunami, several main beaches in the west of the island, such as Badong Beach, Kalong Beach and Kata Beach, were severely damaged.
After the disaster, the Thai government attached great importance to the reconstruction of the affected areas and vigorously promoted the development of local tourism. Many enterprises, such as Ocean Department Store in Badong, were quickly rebuilt and resumed business in early 2005.
At the beginning of 2006, the first tsunami warning system in Southeast Asia was established in Phuket, which can be broadcast in different languages such as English, Thai, Chinese, Japanese and German to warn tourists of the upcoming tsunami in areas where tourists are concentrated.