Large areas of Brazil were originally inhabited by Indians in South America. After the opening of the new air route, the colonists of Iberian Peninsula flocked to it. /kloc-At the beginning of the 6th century, according to the Treaty of Todd silas, the eastern part of South America where Brazil is located became a Portuguese colony. During the Portuguese colonial rule, the southeast coast of Brazil formed a port trade economic zone by exporting plantation agricultural products, and the commodity economy developed rapidly. 1567, the Portuguese established the city of Rio, and took this city as their ruling center in South America.
1807, Napoleon invaded Portugal, and the Portuguese royal family was forced to move to Brazil. After arriving in Brazil, Joao VI, who lost his home, once regarded this former colony as his new territory and gradually relaxed his control over Brazil. 1822, with the return of the Portuguese royal family to Europe, Pedro, the Portuguese prince who stayed in Brazil, became the leader who rebelled against his father, the Portuguese king, because of his deep love for this land. From then on, Brazil began to participate in international affairs in an independent capacity on the world stage, while Rio de Janeiro, the most prosperous city on the southeast coast, became the undisputed capital (El Salvador was briefly founded in the early days).
If Brazil is compared to China, then Rio is its Shanghai. Although the overlapping of political center and economic center can bring high administrative efficiency and economic efficiency, the disadvantages of this capital effect of "one city dominates the big one" are equally obvious. The southeast coast where Rio de Janeiro is located is the economic core area of Brazil as a whole. Rio de Janeiro faces the sea directly, so it is difficult to generate sufficient buffer and resistance to threats and violations from the sea.
Once any empire suddenly flashes from the southeast coast of Brazil, the Brazilian high-level leaders who lack strategic space are likely to be wiped out by local military forces before they can react, and the whole country will fall into a leaderless situation. Therefore, any country with enough land for strategic spatial layout will not put its capital in a port city facing the border (ocean), and putting its political and economic center in different baskets is the correct strategic choice.
After World War II, the economic development of South American countries that were not threatened by war changed with each passing day. As the largest developing country in South America, Brazil urgently needs to make full use of its own resources and enhance its economic strength. However, at that time, Brazil still maintained the trend of southeast coast, the inland plateau and the Amazon rainforest in the north were not fully developed, and many places were still in a very primitive state. Therefore, in order to fully develop the inland economy, we must rely on the power of the government to build a nest to attract phoenix, and form a stable economic growth pole by establishing a political center, thus promoting the development of the inland economy and people's livelihood.
Therefore, it is a good choice to build a new capital in the plateau area with relatively flat terrain and relatively dry climate. 1960, after several years of preparation, a brand-new city rose from the ground. In the same year, Brazilians moved their capital from Rio de Janeiro, a developed coastal city, to Brasilia, a new city on the inland plateau. This new capital not only increases the strategic depth of Brazil's political center, but also effectively exerts the industrial agglomeration effect, bringing a brand-new spring to the development of inland areas.
I hope my answer is helpful to you.