At the same time, according to imitation, the central official system was revised, and three imperial courts and six second hospitals were built. After entering the customs, the Qing dynasty inherited the Ming system and adopted the provincial, state and county administrative system of the Ming dynasty to directly rule the vast mainland (including the southwest).
2. The Qing Dynasty implemented the vassal management mode in the northern and western frontier ethnic areas, which was different from the provincial system in the mainland.
In the Qing dynasty, the so-called vassal department refers to Mongolia, Xinjiang and Tibet in geographical scope, which is relative to the mainland and northeast ruled by the provinces directly under the Qing dynasty. The vassal department and the inland belong to the territory of the Qing Dynasty, but the management mode is different.
3. In order to strengthen the rule of the northwest frontier, the Qing Dynasty set up Ili President and other generals (referred to as Ili generals) in Ili, which governed the vast western regions including the north and south of Tianshan Mountain, the south to the east of Balkhash Lake and Pamir.
Extended data:
The Qing dynasty unified the frontier;
1, pacify Junggar
Under the "personal expedition" of Emperor Kangxi in Qing Dynasty, galdan was defeated in Wulanbutong (now in Hexigten Banner, Inner Mongolia) and lost his offensive spirit. It was defeated by Zhaomodo (now Maud, Nanzong, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia) and basically lost its resistance.
Since then, Galdin led the remnants to wander around the Tamir River basin, "trapped in poverty, without food and shelter, there is no way out in all directions". In the thirty-sixth year of Kangxi (1697), he died in Acha A Mu Tower.
2, unified back to the department
In the 20th year of Qianlong (1755), the Qing Dynasty marched into Yili. Not only did Turpan fall to the Qing Dynasty, but Kuqa and Baicheng in Tarim Basin also joined in succession, and Wusha Qimubo Hodis even captured Davatchi and surrendered.
People's Daily Online-Liu: The Second Historical Experience of Governing the Western Regions in Qing Dynasty