Open classification: religion, myths and legends, Taoism, people

Twelve Jinxian of Taoism —— Optical Paths

Guang is one of the "Twelve Jinxian" in Taoism and a fairy in ancient legends. When he was proclaimed as the Yellow Emperor, he lived in a stone room in Kongtong Mountain, claiming that he could preserve his health, 1200 years old. Fairy legend called him Xuanyuan, who lived in the stone room of Kongtong Mountain. The Yellow Emperor once asked him about the "nature of Tao", but Guang didn't answer at first. After three months, the Yellow Emperor asked him "the way to cure diseases", and Guang Chengzi told him: "The love of the Tao is mysterious." Ignore listening and be calm. The shape will be self-correcting, and the heart will be clean. Without Raul's appearance and essence, you can live forever. Be careful, you will lose something. I kept the first one, in order to get along with it, so it has been 200 years, and the appearance has not declined. Those who gain my Tao are emperors, and those who lose my Tao are scholars. I will go to you, enter infinity, swim in infinity, be with the sun, the moon, Guang Qi and heaven and earth, people will die, but I will live alone. "Say that finish, teach the Yellow Emperor a volume of Natural Classics. Its legend first appeared in Zhuangzi Zaiyi, and then in Biography of Immortals, Travels of Guang Huangdi, Pearl Weaving in Fairy Garden, Record of Immortals in Three Holes, A Mirror of Immortal Sports and Taoism in Past Dynasties, and Xiaoyao Ruins.

He also said that Guang was the embodiment of the old gentleman in the era of the Yellow Emperor. "Tai Shang Lao Jun Kai Jing": "At the time of the Yellow Emperor, Lao Jun was a teacher and became a son that day. Eliminate yin and yang, and make the Tao quit the classics. Since the Yellow Emperor, there have been kings, ministers and sons, and the three are different. "

Just a disciple of Buddha in the early Yuan Dynasty.

It is famous in Taoism in China, and it is said that it does exist. In the original work, he was the first immortal to ring the golden bell of Yu Xiu Palace, which was the first of the twelve immortals. His seal of heaven is extremely powerful, because he gave his apprentice the yin angle, and he couldn't subdue himself. He dispatched four-color fairy flags to fix it. This senior brother was unlucky. After accepting a disobedient apprentice, he had to send the apprentice to the deity himself, and killed the Virgin of Fire Spirit, which was resented by a nun in Biyou Palace, so he had to meet him even in Biyou Palace.

Guang is said to be the master of the Yellow Emperor and an ancient immortal, but he became a real person at the beginning of chaos.

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Kunlun Mountain, also known as Kunlun Xu, Kunlun Mountain or Yushan Mountain. Geographically, the Kunlun Mountain, with a total length of about 2,500 kilometers, starts from the eastern Pamirs in the west, runs through Xinjiang and Tibet, and extends to Qinghai. The West Kunlun in ancient mythology is a combination of a geographical Kunlun and a legendary Kunlun before the Han Dynasty.

There is a process for Kunlun to change from a mythical world to a fairyland. For example, the three classics of the western era say that Kunlun is the capital of the celestial emperor on the ground. There is a four-cornered beast, some of which are like sheep, called soil scales. Besides being guarded by the tiger body Lu Wu, it can also eat people. The bird on it looks like a bee, but it is as big as a mandarin duck. There is a tree with yellow flowers and red fruits. This kind of fruit tastes like plums and is seedless. It's called Shatang, which can resist water and not drown. This is obviously a strange mythical world. It is also the Kunlun Mountain, but it is different in the Terrain Training of Huainanzi:

..... There is Zengcheng No.9 Middle School in Kunlun Mountain (a city higher than the first floor),1114 steps, 2 feet 6 inches high. There are wood grains on the ground, which have been repaired five times. There are Zhu Yushu, Xuan Tree and Xianren Tree in the west, Shatang Lang Wang Qian in the east, Red Yushu in the south, Bishu and Shu Yao in the north. There are 440 doors next to it. Four miles from door to door, nine feet behind, five feet behind. There are nine wells next to it, and Yuheng (the device carrying the elixir of life) is located in its northwest corner. The north gate is open to the bad wind. The Qing Palace, a palace covering an area of one mu, a revolving room (a room decorated with jade), the county garden, the breeze and Fan Tong are all in Kunlun Mountain. The pond in Shuyuan is soaked in yellow water (suspected spring water), and the yellow water returns to its original position around it, which is Dan water (red water), and it will not die after drinking it. Everything the celestial world needs is here, such as fairy trees, fairy medicine, fairy water and so on. Jade is the basic material for decoration. Animals and the like have disappeared and belong to an ideal fairyland. It is said that the early immortals did not need to practice, but only needed to eat more immortal things to achieve the goal of immortality. Legend has it that the Yellow Emperor changed from a mythical hero to a celestial leader after eating a kind of jade paste that had been boiled for a long time. Kunlun can't be compared with the past, just like the hometown of immortals.

The legendary Kunlun Mountain, tall and big, is the pole of the central government and the Tianzhu connecting heaven and earth. If the immortal wants to go to heaven again, this is a good place to rest. Kunlun is also the source of the Yellow River, which is the mother river. Out of this worship psychology, it is natural for the ancients to transform Kunlun from a sacred mountain into a fairy mountain.

Kunlun Mountain has a lofty position in mythology. According to Shan Hai Jing Xi Jing, it is the highest mountain in the sea, and in the northwest, it is the capital of heaven and earth on the ground. Kunlun Mountain is 800 Li in Fiona Fang, reaching 78 thousands of feet. There is a kind of wood grain on it, which is four feet high and thick enough for five people to hold. There are nine wells on each side of the mountain, and each well is made of jade as a railing. There are pills on both sides, and every door is guarded by enlightened beasts. What do wild animals in Ming Kai look like? It is a half-man, half-beast god, with a body as big as 1 tiger, nine heads, all human faces, facing the east and standing on the Kunlun Mountain. Kunlun Mountain is the seat of the Hundred Gods.

Kunlun Mountain is related to the activities of the ancient Xia, Zhou and Qiang nationalities, and its position in ancient mythology is similar to Olympus Mountain in Greek mythology. Shan Hai Jing mentions dozens of mountains, and Kunlun Mountain is the crown. As the capital of Tiandi, it is naturally ruled by Tiandi. It is said that this heavenly emperor is the Yellow Emperor. Lu Wu, who was sent by the Yellow Emperor to manage Kunlun Mountain, was also half man and half beast, with a human face and a tiger body, in Tiger Claw and Kyubi no Youko. (See Xishan Jing) In folk mythology, the protagonist on Kunlun Mountain is Mu Wang, who sat in a carriage with eight horses and met the Queen Mother of the West for love. Zhou Muwang was 50 when he became king and died after 55 years in office. He is an ancient longevity emperor. Perhaps because of his longevity, later generations let Zhou Muwang travel around the world and meet the Queen Mother of the West. Some say that Mu Wang traveled to the west, some ask Z, and some say that he died with the Queen Mother of the West.

Yan is a skillful craftsman. He can sing and dance like a real person. He was praised by King Mu and brought back to the palace. Mu Wang went west, and someone presented a foot-long jade knife, which cut jade like mud; There is a luminous cup; It is also said that in March, when it rained, King Mu played a flute to keep out the rain ... In short, this is not the King Mu in history, but a legendary emperor with constant adventures. His greatest adventure was meeting with the Queen Mother of the West. He was respectful to the Queen Mother of the West, holding Bai Gui and Xu Anbi, and presented 300 solid color ribbons. The Queen Mother of the West gave a banquet, and the two sides answered each other with songs. After King Mu left, he went to Shan Ye, where he wrote an inscription for the meeting and renamed it "West Queen Mother Mountain". (See Biography of Mu, Notes on Ten Weeks, Collection of Leftovers, etc. On this basis, later generations further immortalized Mu Tian's character, saying that he and the Queen Mother of the West ate a kind of black dates, which were cooked only once in a hundred years and were two feet long. It is also said that he and the Queen Mother of the West rose to the clouds and left after singing, or the Queen Mother of the West went to Mu Wang's palace and rose to the clouds and left together. During this period, it has been a mixture of myth and the idea that Taoist immortals can become gods in later generations.

"Zhuangzi Zaiyi" said: The Yellow Emperor "Wen Guang was on the same plane, so he went to see him, saying,' Wen Zi reached the Tao, and dared to ask the essence of the Tao. I want to take the essence of heaven and earth, help the grain and support the people. I want to be an official of yin and yang, so that I can live in groups. what can I do? "said:" and those who want to ask, the quality of things is also, and those who want to be officials, things are not complete. Rule the world alone, the clouds will rain and stay at home, the vegetation will fall and stay yellow, and the light of the sun and the moon will be wasted. And those who are insane are ridiculous enough to tell the truth? " "So the Yellow Emperor lived in seclusion in March, without asking about politics, and then he learned a lot and asked the way to cultivate himself. He was widely accused of "Tao Gao" and said that "the essence of Tao Gao is intangible; To the extreme, faint and silent. Ignore and listen, silently hold God, and the shape will be self-correcting. If you are quiet, don't work hard and don't shake your own essence, you can live forever. Seeing nothing, hearing nothing, and knowing nothing, your God will remain in shape, and shape is immortal. Be careful of your heart, shut yourself out, knowing more is failure. I am Daming for you, with the original Yang; For you, I am possessed.

The gate of Iraq, from there to the original yin. Heaven and earth have officials, yin and yang have hidden. Take good care of your health. I kept the first harmony, so I practiced for thousands of years, and my figure didn't drop often. Then, Guang further developed the "Supreme Tao": "There is an infinite thing that everyone thinks has an end, and there is nothing wrong with it. Everyone thinks there is an extreme.

He who gains my Tao is king from above; Those who lose my way will see light from above and dirt from below. Today's husband, Bai Chang, was born and raised, and turned against him, so I will go to your place, enter the infinite gate and swim in the infinite field. I participate in the light with the sun and the moon, and I am normal with heaven and earth. ..... Everyone is dead, and I live alone! "In fact, this is Zhuangzi's view on" the essence of perfection "and" self-cultivation ".