Zhu Yuanzhang (1328 65438+ 10/2124 June 398), a native of Fengyang, Anhui Province, Han nationality, was originally named Chongba, and later named Xingzong. He joined the Guo Zixing army and changed his name to Zhu Yuanzhang. Politician, strategist, military commander-in-chief, the founding emperor of the Ming Dynasty.
Zhu Yuanzhang was very poor when he was a child. He used to herd cattle for the landlord. /kloc-entered the ancestral temple in 0/344. At the age of 25, he took part in the Red Scarf Army uprising led by Guo Zixing against the Yuan Dynasty. 1356, was regarded as Wu Gong by his subordinates. In the same year, Qing Ji Road was captured and changed to Tianfu (now Nanjing, Jiangsu).
1367, Xu Da and Chang Yuchun were ordered to send troops to the Northern Expedition with the slogan of "expelling Land Rover and restoring China". /kloc-at the beginning of 0/368, Zhu Yuanzhang proclaimed himself emperor in Yingtianfu, with the title Daming Hongwu. In autumn, most of them were captured, ending the rule of the Yuan Dynasty in the whole country. Mongolian nobles fled to the north, and sixteen states of Youyun ceded by the late Jin Dynasty were also recovered. And pacify the southwest, northwest, northeast and other places, and finally unify China. ?
During Zhu Yuanzhang's reign, he reformed all aspects, abolished the prime minister politically, and set up a department to undertake propaganda and deployment, a department to punish trials, and all command departments were decentralized, further strengthening centralization and severely punishing corrupt officials. ; Militarily, the system of health centers was implemented and the Northern Expedition was carried out.
Economically, we will make great efforts to resettle land and army, build water conservancy projects, liberate handmaiden, reduce the tax burden, and send people to inspect fields and households all over the country. Culturally, pay close attention to education, advocate imperial examination, establish imperial academy to train talents; Strengthen overseas exchanges and restore China's suzerain status? . Through the efforts of the Hongwu dynasty, social production gradually recovered and developed, which is called the rule of Hongwu in history.
2. Judy
Judy (1360-65438 May 2 +020424 August 120424), the fourth son of Ming Taizu, the third emperor of the Ming Dynasty, was named Yongle, so she was later called Yongle Emperor and Yongle Emperor.
Judy was born in Yingtianfu (present-day Nanjing) and was made the Prince of Yan after the establishment of the Ming Dynasty. Later, he was an army fan in Beiping (now Beijing). He was ordered to participate in military activities in the north many times and led the army to the north twice, which strengthened his influence in the northern army.
After Wen Jian acceded to the throne, he adopted the policy of reducing the number of vassals. He not only watched Judy, but also wanted to mobilize his army. Judy launched the Jing Nan War and attacked Wen Jian. In four years (1402), Wen Jian won in Nanjing and became emperor.
When Judy was in office, he carried out political reform of the organization and formed a cabinet. Five personal expeditions to Mongolia, the recovery of Annan, and the establishment of Nur Daitu Department in the northeast, Hami Wei in the northwest, Dagu thorn, Demasa thorn, Wu Di thorn and other propaganda departments in the southwest, and the establishment of Guizhou Chengxuan Front Department, consolidated the north-south border defense and safeguarded the territorial integrity of China.
Judy sent Zheng He to the Western Seas many times, which strengthened friendly exchanges between China and foreign countries and strengthened the management of the South China Sea. He also ordered people to edit the Yongle Grand Ceremony and dredge the Grand Canal. In order to strengthen the control over the northern and northeastern regions, Yongle moved its capital to Beijing in the 19th year (142 1). During his reign, the economy of Ming Dynasty was prosperous, the national strength was strong, and the culture and martial arts of governing the country were greatly improved, which was called Yongle Shi Sheng in history.
3. Zhu Zhanji
Zhu Zhanji (1398-143565438+1October 3 1), namely Xuanzong (1425- 1435), was the fifth emperor of the Ming Dynasty. Zhu Gaochi's eldest son was loved and appreciated by his grandfather Judy and his father since childhood. In the ninth year of Yongle (14 1 1), he was made a great-grandson by his grandfather and conquered Mongolia with Judy several times. Hongxi acceded to the throne in the first year (1425).
Zhu Zhanji is the patron of literati and art, and his rule is characterized by his political and cultural achievements.
During his reign, there were "Sanyang" (Yang Shiqi, Yang Rong, Yang Pu), Zhouyi and Xia Yuanji; There are British public officials and local governors like Yu Qian and Chen Zhou, and there are many talented people, which make politics clear, people live and work in peace and contentment, and the economy develops unprecedentedly. Although the rule of Zhu Zhanji and his son was only eleven years, it was called "the achievement is comparable to the literary world" by historians and "the rule of benevolent government propaganda" in history.
4. Zhu Shitang
Zhu Shitang (1July 30th, 470-1June 8th, 505), namely Emperor Xiaozong of the Ming Dynasty (reigned1487-1505), was the ninth emperor of the Ming Dynasty, the third son of Zhu Jianshen, Ming Xianzong, and his biological mother was Empress Xiao Muji.
In the 23rd year of Chenghua (1487), Zhu Shitang acceded to the throne in September. He was generous, kind, thrifty, quiet, diligent in political affairs, attached importance to justice, stood up for his words, tried his best to reverse corruption in political affairs, expelled traitors, made great efforts in political affairs, and appointed upright ministers such as Wang Shu and Liu Daxia, known as Hongzhi in history.
5. Zhu Qiyu
Zhu Qiyu (1428 ——1March 23, 457) was the second son of Zhu Zhanji, Emperor Taizong of Ming Dynasty, and the half-brother of Zhu Qizhen, Ming Yingzong. Empress Wu Zetian, the seventh emperor of the Ming Dynasty, reigned for 1449- 1457, with the year Jingtai (1450- 1457).
Zhu Qiyu was born in Xuande for three years (1428), and his eldest brother Ming Yingzong became the king of Xi after he ascended the throne. In the fourteenth year of orthodoxy (1449), Ming Yingzong was captured by Vara in the Neibao Revolution. In order to avoid suspicion, Yu Qian and other ministers persuaded Queen Sun to become emperor and changed it to Jingtai the following year.
During Zhu Qiyu's reign, he made good use of honest people such as Qian, made great efforts to govern, selected generals to train soldiers, repelled the invasion of Valla, turned the country from danger to safety, and reorganized and reformed politics, economy and military affairs, which gradually revived the Ming society at that time. He is a wise master. But it is not perfect in essence, which makes the treacherous court official take the opportunity to make trouble.
References:
Baidu Encyclopedia-The Ming dynasty emperors