A very old stringed instrument, originally called "Kanhou" or "Konghou", has three shapes in literature: lying, vertical and phoenix head. Elegance has a long history, a long history, a wide range, soft and clear timbre and strong expressive force. In ancient times, in addition to court music, it was also widely circulated among the people. Now it is often used for solo, ensemble and accompaniment for song and dance, and is applied in large national orchestras. In ancient times, there were three forms of lying, vertical and phoenix head, which were called Historical Records: "So I went to South Vietnam to pray for the ancestral temple and began to call songs with music and dance, making 25 strings." Du You's Tong Dian in the Tang Dynasty: "Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty made musicians listen to a lot of music ... Today, according to its shape, it is as small as a harp, with seven strings, like playing a lute." This is a kind of lyre. Judging from the brick books in the Wei and Jin tombs in Jiayuguan, Gansu, there are no pillars on the panel. Vertical graceful, introduced from the Western Regions in Han Dynasty, was later called "Hu graceful". "Sui Shu Yueji" records: "Today's music is a vertical pipa, and it comes from the western regions, not a musical instrument of China." Judging from the vertical crates depicted in a large number of ancient performance images, and the lacquer crates and snail remnants of the Tang Dynasty preserved in Nara Temple, Japan, its speakers are set on curved wood that bends upward. The shape of the phoenix head is similar to the vertical head, and it is often named after the phoenix head as decoration. Its sound box is located at the lower part of the crossbar, and the upward bending wood is provided with or plays the role of tightening the strings. For example, Le Tang Shu said that "the phoenix head is full of twists and turns, and there is something like twisting", and Du You's Tongdian said that "the phoenix head is full of twists and turns, and the head has twists and turns". Whether there are images or not, we can see them in Dunhuang mural books. Feng Shou was introduced from India and used as Tianzhu music in Yan music in Sui and Tang Dynasties. To the Song Dynasty, there were still various forms of Polygonum hydropiper in Le Shu, which were gradually lost after the Ming Dynasty. Lofty and graceful, like a semi-arched back and a curved groove, it is covered on a curved wood that bends upwards, with sufficient columns and ribs. More than 20 strings are held vertically in your arms and can be played simultaneously from both sides with your thumb and forefinger. Therefore, in the Tang Dynasty, people called it "elegance". "Tongdian" records: "It is a good thing for Emperor Gaozu to be upright, and Le Hu is also a good thing. The piano is long and curved, with 22 strings, held vertically in the arms, and played with both hands, commonly known as "broken". According to ancient murals and documents, there are 23, 22, 16, 7 vertical strings. Yayue is an ancient plucked instrument with a long history in China. According to textual research, it has been circulated for more than two thousand years. In ancient times, cricket was not only used by court bands, but also widely spread among the people. During China's prosperous Tang Dynasty (6 18-907), with the rapid development of economy and culture, the art of piano performance reached a fairly high level, that is, during this period, China's ancient piano performance was first introduced to neighboring countries such as Japan and North Korea. There are still two Tang Dynasty relics in Liang Dong Temple. However, this ancient musical instrument has been out of fashion since the late14th century, so that it gradually disappeared. People can only see some beautiful patterns on the previous murals and reliefs. Since 1950s, musicians and musical instrument makers in China have done a lot of research to make this instrument reappear on the stage. According to the characters recorded in ancient books and preserved in ancient murals, they designed and trial-produced several types of crickets, but these crickets have many shortcomings, so they have not been popularized and spread. In the early 1980s, a new type of e-e-e-e was developed. Its structure is relatively perfect and scientific, and its sound has national characteristics, so it is widely used in music practice. There were horizontal baskets and vertical baskets in ancient China. The new goose-column basket was developed according to the basic modeling of ancient vertical baskets. The shape of the new type of wild goose column is similar to that of the western harp, but the difference is that it has two rows of strings with 36 strings in each row, and each string is supported by the herringbone string column on the * * * sound box. This string column looks like the formation of geese flying in the sky, so it is called the goose column. Yanzhu's timbre is soft and clear, with a wide range and rich expressive force. You can play both ancient and modern folk music and harp music. Because the left and right strings are homophonic, which is equivalent to two harps. It has a lot of convenience in playing fast melody and overtone, and it can also play alto melody and accompaniment with the most beautiful timbre at the same time, which is incomparable to other instruments. In addition, Yanzhu also has its own uniqueness in playing techniques such as kneading strings, sliding strings and vibrato.