The conflict between Egyptians and Hittites led by Ramses was triggered by the absolute control over Syria. At the end of April 1275 BC, Pharaoh led his troops to the Oronte Valley and conquered Kadesh, an important town established by Hittites in Syria. Ramses led 20,000 soldiers and 200 chariots. These forces are divided into four groups, named Amon, Puta, Lala and Seth. The target of this war is the land in northern Syria, and the opponent is King Muwatalish, who has 1000 soldiers and more than 3,500 chariots. Near the Orente River, Pharaoh's army captured two people who claimed to be Hittite deserters. They said they had important information to inform the Egyptians. The two men were taken to Ramses and told him that Mu Watari's army was far away from here, and the Pharaoh could easily capture the city. Rameses has taken Kadesh as a bag at this time. Before the troops were assembled, he led the Amon team to the plain near Kadesh and camped here. When his guards caught two soldiers of the enemy vanguard, he realized that he was trapped in the encirclement of the enemy, but it was too late. The Hittites hiding in the castle suddenly attacked, and the unprepared Pharaoh's army was in flight and fled everywhere. Only Ramses led his personal bodyguard to resist the Hittite attack. Zimino described: "Thanks to two unexpected things, Ramses was able to escape unscathed. First, after the Hittite soldiers invaded the camp of the Egyptian army, they were immediately busy grabbing property, but forgot to pursue the enemy with victory. " Secondly, Pharaoh's follow-up troops rushed to rescue Ramses and his soldiers in time. "At this time, the whole battle was completely reversed: the Hittites who should have won easily were in danger, and the two sides stopped fighting near dusk. In the evening, soldiers from other Egyptian detachments came to reinforce Pharaoh.

Finally, the Hittites were forced to make peace because of the fierce attack of Ramses army and the civil strife in the country. The end of the war was 0: 0.

Frank Zimino said: "The truth may not be completely true. Although Mu Watari lost many heavy chariots (more than Egyptian chariots, but more difficult to control), his soldiers were almost unscathed. But for Ramses, the Hittite raid cost him at least one detachment. " The result of the war was a draw, which forced Ramses to give up his plan to capture Kadesh. But with the help of his own propaganda, he turned this battle that almost ruined his future into a heroic feat under the leadership of a great leader.

Ramses carved this war on many temples. He brought a new expression. In the relief of Abu Simbel Temple depicting the Battle of Kadesh, the surface decorated with stripes is now used to express exciting scenes and create more dramatic dynamic scenes. The images of Ramses and chariots depicted in the relief can make people understand this brand-new style, and people have different interpretations of the "four arms" in the details of the picture. Some people think that the extra two arms should belong to the chariot driver, and his body is completely covered by Ramses; Others think that, as the inscription says, it should be the Arm of Amon summoned by Ramses. The latest hypothesis is that they belong to Ramses himself, and the artist who created the relief painted two more arms to increase the movement of the picture.