The reporter saw in the Majiayao Cultural Research Association in Lanzhou that the pottery pill is about 2.5 cm in diameter, thick 1 cm, round in abdomen and narrow around. There is a small hole for threading in the middle of the pottery pill, and aperture ratio's buttonhole is slightly thicker now. The whole pottery ball is sand clay, the whole pottery ball is khaki, and the surface of the pottery looks rough. Wang Haidong, founder of Gansu Painted Pottery Research Association, said that this pottery clasp was unearthed in Lintao County, Gansu Province, and was accidentally dug up by a local farmer. According to research, this button is about 4600 years ago, belonging to Qijia culture type and made of clay. Currently the only one in China. In addition, together with this button, there is a spinning wheel for rotation. The spinning wheel has a diameter of 7 cm, a thickness of 1.5 cm, and a round hole in the middle. The handle in the round hole can be operated by fingers to spin wool. According to him, spinning wheels have been unearthed in Le Kang, Guanghe, Lintao and other places in our province, all of which are made of pottery, but they were unearthed together with buttons, which is the first time in China.
Wang Haidong also told reporters that it can be confirmed from the spinning wheel discovered by archaeology that people knew how to spin more than 4,000 years ago. This time, a spinning wheel and buttons were found at the same time, which further confirmed the statement that people at that time were already spinning thread with a spinning wheel, weaving with thread and wearing sewing clothes. This also shows that more than 4000 years ago, human beings began to know how to "dress up" themselves with textile clothes, rather than just wearing simple clothes made of bark and animal skin to hide their shame. Experts pointed out that this discovery confirmed the records about the existence of ancient humans in history books, which has extremely important research value. This archaeological discovery is also of great value to the study of painted pottery in China and the history of civilization in China.
Classification and common sense of buttons
Craft buttons, such as buttons, cannot be processed by the existing automatic button making, and can only be processed by manual cutting, planing, grinding and filing. Fine workmanship is often required, so the production efficiency is low, the processing cost is high, and the products are more like handicrafts, so they are called craft buttons. This button is unique and elegant in shape, and it is mostly made into the shape of natural objects, such as leaves, the moon, needles and so on. This product is of high grade and has certain development potential.
Reasonable and correct selection of fasteners
According to the characteristics of different fabrics, it is very important to choose the type of fasteners reasonably. Due to improper selection of fasteners, it is easy to pull the fabric through or pull off the fasteners. For example, some knitted fabrics have the characteristics of high elasticity and high plasticity compared with other fabrics. When selecting metal fasteners, we must pay attention to the shape of the riveted part of the fastener, including single tube, five claws or other geometric shapes. When using knitted fabrics, it is not easy to choose single-tube riveted fasteners. When this fastener is opened and closed, its opening force is only concentrated on the riveting point. However, due to the fracture of the fabric during riveting and the characteristics of the knitted fabric itself, it is very easy to break, pull off the fasteners and damage the fabric. The riveting of five-claw buckle is that five claws are evenly distributed on a plane and circumference, and the stress state of opening and closing after nailing is also evenly distributed. Knitted fabrics and thinner fabrics are suitable for making four-piece buttons.
Opaque injection button
This kind of button is often made into various colors by directly mixing pigment with resin. When the batch of buttons is large and the color has been determined before production, the method of premixing pigments is often used. The advantage of this method is that it can choose relatively cheap plastic, reduce the cost and facilitate injection molding. Commonly used plastics for pigment colored plastic buttons are polypropylene, ABS and so on. The main advantages of choosing polypropylene plastic are low price, low requirements for mold, good injection molding technology, excellent corrosion resistance of injection molded products (almost resistant to most organic solvents and acid and alkali corrosion) and good mechanical properties of buttons. In addition to polypropylene, ABS is also commonly used to produce colored plastic buttons, but the price of ABS is higher than that of polypropylene, and its resistance to organic solvents is worse than that of polypropylene. Generally speaking, ABS color keys are not as comprehensive as polyethylene, so they are not widely used.
Stone button
At present, the popular stone buttons on the market are mainly marble buttons. The production of marble buttons has been mechanized in mass production a few days ago. Marble buttons are characterized by high hardness and wear resistance; And is resistant to high temperature and organic solvents, and is not corroded by acid and alkali with common concentration. Judging from the appearance of buttons, they are also very distinctive because they are decorated with various natural patterns. It can be used in special occasions and is loved by some people.
Manhattan buttons
This is a heat-resistant pearlescent button formed by hot pressing, and it also belongs to a kind of imitation shell button. Button types mainly include single pearl, double pearl and double multicolored pearl. The material of the button is good and the price is good, especially its temperature resistance and mechanical strength are much higher than those of ordinary resin buttons, so it is mainly used for clothes that are often cleaned and easily worn, such as shirt buttons.
Sewing-free buttons and functional buttons
The so-called sewing-free button refers to the button that is directly connected to the clothing without sewing through some additional devices attached to the button. This kind of button has a long history and many varieties, and most of them are combined buttons, which are mainly used in some special occasions, and each button has a patent, so its use and production batch are limited. Functional button is a new type of button, which not only has the connection function of clothes, but also combines some special functions unrelated to the shirt function of the button, such as fragrance button, medicine button, luminous button and so on. This button has been patented, but it is not widely used at present, and its special function is not obvious and lasting.
Glass pearlescent button
The characteristics of glass pearlescent buttons are that the pearlescent arrangement on the button surface is corrugated, with high pearlescent brightness and bright spots shining like cat's eyes. According to the size of the key specifications, the ripple width is also different. The styles of various corrugated buttons vary greatly. Compared with plane pearlescent buttons, corrugated pearlescent buttons are more beautiful and lively, which is a high-grade pearlescent button. At present, it basically replaces the plane pearlescent buttons.
Metal hook
Metal hooks are generally used as accessories for denim clothing series, jacket series and suspender series, with various styles, and are used alone in clothing, such as adjustment buttons, D-buttons and zipper buttons. It is also used with other accessories. For example, denim series, I-buckle and gourd buckle are used together. Metal hooks are made of iron, copper and alloy. There are three processing forms: bending forming, stamping forming and die casting forming. Its shape and size are designed and formulated by each manufacturer. There is no uniform regulation on the name of the hook, and it is generally named according to the similarity of the shape and function of the hook. Such as abalone buckle, square buckle, Japanese buckle, three-thread buckle, D buckle, gourd buckle, cloth belt buckle, and various sizes of belt buckles are all named according to this method.
Selection of light and thin fabric clothing combination buckle
This kind of clothing is mainly popular in summer, with light texture and bright colors. The combination key with ABS gold-plated parts as the main body and nylon inserts or epoxy resin drops make the whole key bright and beautiful, with stable color and light texture. At the same time, because the button handle is made of high-strength nylon, the whole button will not break.
Single purity decorative fastener
Simple decorative buckle generally refers to the fastener that mainly plays a decorative role in clothing. Such as metal cards, claw-shaped decorative buttons, brooches, pins, etc. Metal plate, fastener and cloth belt are used together, and the size and shape are ever-changing, which can be used for decoration and high-grade trademark plate. Its processing forms are stamping and die casting, and the materials are iron, copper and alloy. Claw decorative buttons are generally used alone, that is, they are fixed directly on the clothes to be decorated with claws to achieve the required decorative properties. Its shape and size are designed and formulated by various manufacturers, and its processing form is usually stamped from metal strip.
Braised abalone shell buckle
Abalone is a treasure in aquatic shellfish, and its shell is a good material for buttons. This kind of button is characterized by uneven surface, thin twill on the back, reddish brown color, strong purplish red on the front, yellow-green rainbow pearl, thin thickness and hard texture. These buttons are mostly eye buttons and eye buttons, which are mostly used for light clothes.
Nut button
Nut buttons are called plant ivory buttons in the button industry. Because this nut from South America is cut, the color and texture of the cut surface are very similar to ivory. This button has a good luster after proper polishing. Because of the elegant texture of nut buttons and the resources, the grade of buttons is higher than that of ordinary wooden buttons, but the price is also higher. Nuts and buttons are usually divided into two categories according to different parts. One is made of the skin of nuts, and the button has a brown pattern on one side; The other is made of the heart layer of nuts, with stripes or concentric circles on the button surface, which is very similar to the setting of resin buttons. If you don't distinguish carefully, it is difficult to distinguish clearly. Nut buttons can also be whitened and dyed into bright buttons. Because the nut buckle is made of plant fiber, it can absorb water and expand, and the expansion is obvious. Pay attention when using it.
Engraving button
Early lettering buttons mostly used mechanical lettering, which greatly limited the clarity of lettering and patterns, especially when carving very fine fonts or patterns. This problem has been solved since the automatic laser engraving button making machine was developed in the early 1990s. The automatic laser engraving button making machine adopts computer scanning and drawing, and no matter how complicated the pattern is, it can be easily engraved on the button. At the same time, the laser beam used for carving can be as thin as a few tenths of a millimeter, so even very fine handwriting or strokes can be carved very clearly. In the clothing industry, there are often many manufacturers who require their company's logo, logo, trademark or other graphic symbols to be engraved on it. Therefore, the application of laser engraving technology is more and more extensive, which reflects the development trend of button industry in the future to some extent.
Several main varieties of resin buttons
1, magnetic white buttons buttons are single white without patterns, but they can be made into various shapes.
2. The feature of the plane pearl button product is that the pearl brightness of the whole button surface is consistent, like a mirror, and the color is bright, and the appearance is difficult to distinguish from the pearl plexiglass button. Natural pearlescent buttons are mostly used for shirt buttons.
3. The pearlescent arrangement on the button surface of the glass pearlescent button is corrugated, with high pearlescent brightness and bright spots shining like cat's eyes.
4. Pearlescent buttons such as cloud flower imitation shell buttons are characterized by irregular cloud flowers on the surface, with rich and colorful effects. This pearlescent button is close to the pearlescent effect of natural shells, so it is called imitation shell button.
5. Striped buttons have smooth surface lines, natural color and natural bamboo texture, so they are also called imitation wood buttons and imitation bamboo buttons. This kind of button is mainly used in some casual clothes.
Pottery buttons
Ceramic buttons are divided into ordinary ceramic buttons and special ceramic buttons. Ordinary ceramic keys are made of ordinary ceramic materials through sintering, glazing, surface decoration and then combined with metal base. The main reason for the popularity of ordinary ceramic buttons is that after being glazed, the buttons are decorated with patterns, with bright colors, good brightness and obvious decorative effect, and the ceramic materials have high surface hardness and superior wear resistance. However, due to the limitation of production mode and technology level, the production batch is not large and the cost is high. Special ceramic buttons are made of zirconia and other high-strength ceramic materials, which are formed by high-pressure molding and sintering. Buttons have extremely high mechanical strength, and are called unbreakable buttons, which are expensive and mainly used as washable and wear-resistant shirt buttons.
Bao Shi Niu kou
Gem is a rare and high-grade decorative material, which is rarely used to make buttons. At present, the gems used in button production are mainly some low-grade gems and artificial crystals. Artificial crystal buttons are easily accepted by consumers because of their crystal clear colors, so the sales of crystal buttons are considerable at present. The main features of gem buttons and crystal buttons are: 1. Noble quality. Gems and crystals are rare substances and belong to precious things. The use of gem buttons on a garment shows its high value and wealth, so it can satisfy some people's pursuit of glory; 2. Compared with the plastic buttons used in daily life, the gem and crystal buttons with superior performance have obvious physical and chemical advantages, and their wear resistance, scratch resistance and resistance to organic and inorganic cleaning agents are not as good as those of ordinary plastic buttons or even shell buttons, so they are really treasures in buttons, which not only have use value, but also have certain collection value; 3. Unique shape Because gemstones are rare substances, when they are processed into buttons, they are often finely carved into unique shapes, so they have good decorative effects.
Pointed tail screw button
This button has a thick material and a good pearlescent layer, and can be used to process buttons of various shapes of 14-44 models. After hydrogen peroxide bleaching, the color of buttons is yellow-green. On this basis, it can be dyed into various colors and is suitable for all kinds of middle and high-grade clothes. Meng Tejiao's T-shirt is painted with 18 model's two smoky gray pointed tail turnbuckles. This kind of button is expensive because of the high price and good color of shells, and it is mostly used in silk clothing in China.
Characteristics of imitation leather buttons
1. There are dermatoglyphics on the surface and dermatoglyphics on the appearance. 2. Rich colors. Because imitation leather paint is easy to color, it is easy to make imitation leather buttons in various colors, and the smoothness of the button surface can be easily changed from extra bright to matt and dull according to the requirements of customers. 3. the price is cheap. Leather-like buttons are made of modern plastic buttons, which have high production efficiency, so the price is lower, but higher than ordinary plastic buttons. 4. Long production cycle. Because imitation leather buttons are thinner than ordinary plastic buttons, the production cycle is slightly longer, and the delivery time is generally more than half a month. 5. Precautions when using. Because the leather-like button is made of synthetic resin, its heat resistance, wear resistance and organic solvent resistance are limited, so it can not be ironed with an electric iron, nor can it be soaked in organic solvents, and it can not be stirred and washed in a washing machine for a long time.
Pearl bar button
This button is characterized by combining the pearlescent effect of the plate button with the setting pattern of the strip button, so that the button has both a clear setting pattern and a pearlescent effect. Buttons are very popular with consumers because of their bright colors. At present, the pearlescent button developed by a new technology in the world is very similar to the natural abalone shell in color and texture, and it is very beautiful. Pearlescent bar buckles can be made into various fluorine buckles for men and women, and the market prospect is good.
Characteristics and quality index of copper-clad aluminum buckle
The copper-clad aluminum buckle is made of H62 brass, which is similar to 18K gold in color and strong in decoration. After excellent surface treatment, it can be used for a long time without discoloration or rust. In addition, the copper surface of the copper-clad aluminum key is very thin, and little copper is used. At the same time, the handle of the copper-clad aluminum key is made of aluminum alloy, which ensures the mechanical strength of the key. The absolute strength of the button handle can reach more than 300N, so that the copper-clad aluminum button can be used under any conditions without falling off.
Coconut shell button
Coconut shells are hard, so they can be used to make buttons. These buttons are characterized by light brown to dark brown colors, different colors on the front and back, and spots or linear textures on the button surface. Coconut shells are lighter in color before soaking and turn dark brown after soaking. Buttons that can be dyed into various colors after bleaching. Compared with wooden buttons, coconut shell buttons are more prominent. The disadvantages of coconut shell buttons are similar to those of wooden buttons, mainly because they are too absorbent, but slightly better than wooden buttons. Coconut shell buttons are mainly used on some casual shirts.
Anti-corrosion treatment of copper-clad aluminum buckle
The basic method of copper corrosion protection is to make the surface of H62 brass look like 18K gold by micro-acid polishing. And then dipping or spraying different protective paint films on the surface through repeated coating. Among them, primer dipping is a kind of coating with good sealing performance to improve its protective performance; High-hardness paint is required for the spraying part, so as to improve the anti-friction ability of the paint film, prolong its service life and ensure that the keys will not change color and rust for a long time.
Emotional symbol of color
The color configuration of metal buttons in clothing also reflects everyone's preferences and emotions, which depends on everyone's cultural level, age, gender, social status, nationality, habits and so on. For example, the bronze buttons on jeans used to be similar in purity and lightness, reflecting a chic, fat and strong personality. The ethnic minorities in the southwest of China have bright national costumes and a large number of silver costumes, showing their mentality of loving beauty and life.
Selection of buttons for professional clothing combination
The style of professional clothes is solemn and tidy, and it takes a long time to wear. Buttons are often decided by industries themselves. But the principle of overall selection is to reflect the characteristics of professional clothing. In addition to appearance, quality should also consider durability. In order to achieve this goal, buttons based on light alloy materials or high-strength synthetic resins (such as nylon and formaldehyde resin) are often matched with special symbolic ornaments to show the characteristics of the industry.
Wooden buttons Wooden buttons and bamboo buttons belong to buttons made of plant stems. In the international market, there are quite a few such buttons. Especially in recent years, with the pursuit of green quality, the demand for this kind of plant buttons is increasing, and the consumption of developed countries such as Europe, America and Japan is also increasing. The product structure is mainly wooden buckle. The motivation for people to choose wooden buttons first stems from their boredom with the long-term use of synthetic plastics. Many people think that "natural" materials must be non-toxic and beneficial to human health, and wooden buttons just cater to people's psychology. Wooden buttons have natural wood texture, which is very simple and natural, and the appearance is rough, which is in sharp contrast with the high gloss of plastic buttons. Therefore, these buttons are very suitable for linen fabrics or plain casual clothes, and can also satisfy some people's unconventional aesthetic habits. The main component of wooden buttons is lignin, which has strong resistance to organic solvents. It can be used as a durable dry cleaning agent and can be used with dry cleaning of clothes. The fatal disadvantage of wooden buttons is water absorption. Because of its strong water absorption, wood fiber will quickly absorb water and expand when it is put into water in wet weather. It may crack, deform or become rough when it is dried again, and it is easy to pull the clothing fiber. In order to overcome the shortcomings of wood buckles, we should pay attention to the selection of wood or parts with high wood density, long growth period and old tree age. After the key is polished, the surface is treated with high-quality varnish to seal all water-absorbing pores. The button treated in this way can avoid the problem of easy water absorption.
Transparent plastic injection button
The materials of this kind of keys include transparent plastics for injection molding, such as transparent polystyrene, polycarbonate, acrylic resin (372.6 13 molding compound, etc. ), as resin, etc. The main features of this type of button are as follows: 1. Transparent polystyrene buttons have good transparency, cheap materials and easy injection molding, but they are fragile, not resistant to high temperature and solvent. & ampjbsp2. Polycarbonate button (PC) Polycarbonate is an engineering plastic, which is not only transparent, but also has excellent mechanical properties, especially good resilience and is not easy to break, so it is mostly used for injection molding rope buttons with springs. Disadvantages are high cost and poor injection molding performance. 3. Acrylic button This is a kind of plastic with the largest light transmittance and the best transparency. There are many kinds of resins that can be used for injection molding, such as 372, 6 13, 504, etc., but the comprehensive light transmittance is slightly poor. Because acrylic resin has high light transmittance and pure color, buttons with high purity and transparency are mostly made of this material in the button manufacturing industry, and their appearance is like the effect of crystal glass. The buttons made are either used as fashion buttons alone or combined with other materials to form combined buttons, which are quite popular for women's fashion at present. This button has the disadvantages of poor scratch resistance, organic solvent resistance and temperature resistance, and is not suitable for high-grade and durable clothing. 4.K resin button K resin is a styrene dibutyl polymer. It is characterized by good transparency, good flexibility and easy injection molding. Buttons made of this kind of resin often have certain elasticity and are mostly used to make transparent and translucent rope buckles. Because the resin is limited by the mechanical properties of the material, the durability of the button is not good and the grade is low.
Metal fastener modeling
The modeling design of metal fasteners belongs to the category of industrial design. The modeling design of metal fasteners is different from pure artistic design such as sculpture, carving and painting, which includes shape, pattern, color, material, practicality, durability, productivity and large-scale industrial production technology. As far as shape is concerned, the modeling of metal fasteners consists of two parts: (1) geometric modeling and three-dimensional modeling; (2) Local modeling. Due to productivity, technology, safety and other factors, the most common shapes are round, hexagonal and equilateral, and the most common three-dimensional shapes are round, hemispherical and floating. The most common local modeling is to model individuals and all local details on the basis of shape modeling, such as adding Arabic numerals, English letters, plane patterns, animals, portraits, flowers, registered trademarks, patterns and so on. A good metal fastener must meet two requirements: (1) practicality and aesthetics; (2) directionality of compatibility with clothing. Practicality and aesthetics are generally easier to understand. The compatibility with clothing indicates what kind of clothing metal fasteners mainly serve, such as suits, fashions, shirts, children's clothes, jeans, leather clothes, underwear, shoes and hats, leisure, and so on. Their uniqueness and particularity should be considered.
Selection of combined buttons for children's wear
Children's wear buttons should pay attention to two characteristics: one is bright colors, and the other is strong buttons. Because children have the habit of grabbing clothes with their hands or biting clothes with their mouths, the buttons must be fastened and cannot be dropped at once. In addition, with the strengthening of people's awareness of environmental protection, the safety requirements for children's products around the world are becoming more and more strict, including buttons. Generally speaking, children's combined buttons should not contain heavy metal elements and toxic elements, such as chromium, nickel, cobalt, copper, mercury, lead and so on. And the dyes used should not contain some azo dyes that can decompose toxic components to human body. At present, the electroplated parts used in combination keys often contain nickel, the pearlescent keys in resin keys often contain lead, and some azo dyes have been banned in various dyes. These must be carefully considered when choosing.
Contrast and harmony of colors
The color configuration of metal fasteners in clothing is in contrast and harmony with the color of clothing in tone, purity and lightness, such as a bright red clothing with chrome-plated white buttons and rings. Although these fasteners occupy a small area in clothing, they are very prominent and bright, and their contrast is characterized by the strong contrast of tone and brightness. A light green children's dress with light blue fasteners is more lively, which is the effect of hue contrast and purity contrast. A suit with black and gray, black buttons and black suspenders looks very harmonious and solemn, which is the harmony of colors. A disco dancer wears a black dress with shiny fasteners nailed on it, and shines brilliantly on the stage, so the stage effect is a light and pure role.
Zhenniubeikou
Zhenbei button, that is, shell button, is an extremely old button. The main reason why these buttons are still popular today is that they come from nature, with elegant texture and attractive luster. People always associate shells with jewelry, so the use of Zhenbei buttons in clothing shows noble quality. Like the popular Montague T-shirt, it is characterized by the use of real shell buttons.
There are many kinds of shells and rich resources in the world, but there are not many shellfish that can be used to make buttons. This is mainly because the shells used to make buttons must have bright colors, pearl luster, uniform texture, toughness, easy collection, rich resources and moderate price. The most popular shell buttons in the world mainly include pointed-tailed snails (horseshoe snails), abalone shells (snails), various kinds of nacre (such as black butterfly shells, white butterfly shells, marsupials, penguin shells, pearl shells and freshwater pearl shells) and freshwater banana shells. In addition, there are all kinds of snails and tiger-spotted shellfish. It is also used to produce buttons, but the quantity is small.
Selection of combination buckle for high-grade durable clothing
Whether the button is high-grade or not is mainly reflected in its high-grade material, beautiful shape, bright color and good durability, which must be considered comprehensively. Ordinary colors and shapes are often easy to identify, but materials and durability may not be considered enough. For example, imitation gold electroplating buttons are popular in the market at present, and the price is low. These buttons are usually made of ABS plastic after imitation gold electroplating. At the beginning, the color of the button is beautiful, but if the surface treatment of the button is not strict and it is stored for a long time, it will fade and turn green, and it will become completely different. If this button is used in high-grade clothing, it often changes color before the clothing is sold, which will inevitably affect the sales of clothing. Therefore, when choosing buttons, besides the beauty of color and modeling, the durability of color should also be considered (if buttons are electroplated, the quality of plated 16K gold is better). In addition, the eye hole tensile strength of the button must be large. If the button is blind or has a handle, the wall thickness of the eye slot should be sufficient. This kind of buttons often take resin buttons as the main body, properly decorate various metal or ABS gold-plated inserts, and wrap transparent resin epoxy glue, which is stable, beautiful and durable.
Button button for style
I often hear women complain that clothes in fashion stores only follow the trend, and it is difficult for the same clothes to wear their own style.
In fact, an ordinary dress can have a refreshing effect as long as it is slightly changed.
One of the simplest and most effective ways is to change the button. Usually, middle-priced ready-made clothes don't pay much attention to details such as buttons. Therefore, if the tailoring of clothes is not bad, just change the button to become your unique fashion, which is very affordable.
Buttons can be integrated into the color style of clothes, or they can jump out to play a decorative role. If you consider the overall image, you can also use buttons with jewelry. For example, imitation pearl buttons with pearl ornaments, gold buttons with gold ornaments ... and so on make people feel noble and generous, and also make the audience think that you are a thoughtful woman.
You don't need to be proficient in sewing to change buttons, but you can create your own beauty and regain your long-lost classical feelings.