1: Tone

It is a physical phenomenon. When an object vibrates, it produces sound waves, which travel through the air to the eardrum and are reflected by the brain and are perceived as sound. The sound that people can hear vibrates about 16-2000 times per second, and the sounds used in music (excluding sounds) are generally limited to the range of 27-4100 vibrations per second. The pitch, strength, length, and timbre of a sound depend on the vibration of the object.

2: Tone-color

Refers to the sensory characteristics of the sound. The vibration of the sound body is composed of a variety of harmonics, including the fundamental tone and overtones. The timbre is determined by the number of overtones and the relative intensity between the overtones. People's ability to distinguish timbre is innate. The color of music is divided into vocal timbre and instrumental timbre. The vocal timbres are divided into high, medium and bass, and are divided into male and female; the instrumental timbres are mainly divided into string instruments and wind instruments, and the timbres of various percussion instruments are different.

3: Resonance

Resonance refers to a kind of vibration. When a sound-producing body vibrates, it causes other objects to vibrate and emit sound, producing a buzzing sound.

4: Fundamental tone

The lowest frequency sound emitted by an object when it vibrates is the fundamental tone, and the rest are overtones. The fundamental note determines the pitch.

5: Harmonic overtone

Except for the lowest sound produced by the overall vibration of the sound body, which is the fundamental tone, the fundamental tone is used as the standard, and the remaining 1/2, 1/3, 1/ 4 and other parts also vibrate at the same time, which is overtones. The combination of overtones determines a specific timbre and allows people to clearly feel the loudness of the fundamental tone. Musical instruments and all sounds in nature have overtones.

6: Pitch (Pitch)

Pitch is expressed by the number of vibrations in one second. The higher the frequency, the higher the pitch; the lower the frequency, the lower the pitch. The current internationally accepted standard sound "a" is a sound that vibrates 440 times per second.

7: Pitch name (Pitch name)

Pitch name refers to the name that represents a fixed pitch in the Western music system. These names are not unified and vary from country to country. The most widely used ones are: C D E F G A B.

8: Syllable names

Syllable names refer to the names of the notes on the scale. Usually 1do, 2re, 3mi, 4fa, 5sol, 6la, 7si are used. The tonic in a major key is 1do, and the tonic in a minor key is 6la.

9: Sound Range (Compass)

The range between the lowest and highest notes that a human voice or musical instrument can achieve is called the sound range. The vocal range can be divided into the total vocal range and individual vocal ranges, as well as the vocal and musical instrument ranges.

10: Tonality

Tonality refers to the mode category and tonic height. In music, the tonic is the core of melody and harmony, and other sounds are subordinate to it and finally end up on the tonic. Such music is tonal music.

11: Scale

Refers to each note in the mode, starting from a certain pitch, that is, starting from the tonic, and proceeding from low to high in order of pitch. Arrangement, such a sequence of sounds is called a scale. The scale from low to high is called ascending, and the scale from high to low is called descending. The scales we are talking about today are mainly based on the most common major scale (major key) and minor scale (minor key).

12: Pentatonic scale

A scale composed of five tones. A mode mostly used in folk music. Such as: do, re, mi, sol, la, (do).