Huagudeng: a southern Han song and dance, mainly popular in Huaiyuan, Fengtai and other counties in Anhui. Flower drum lanterns are an essential performance during the Lantern Festival from the Spring Festival to the Lantern Festival every year. According to folk reputation data, as early as before Guangxu of the Qing Dynasty, Huagudeng had formed a relatively complete set of performance forms with rich music and dance.
1. Lighting troupe organization: The roles of the lantern troupe, the male roles are collectively called "Drum Stand", and the female roles are collectively called "Lanhua" or "Baotou". Each "lantern class" has a special gong and drum accompaniment band.
2. Performance form: (1) Opening performance: It can be divided into procedures such as "lighting field" and "dancing umbrella". (2) The big field: also known as the "chaotic field", is the main body of flower drum lanterns. (3) Transition: It is the transition and connection part between the big field and the small field. (4) Small Field: There are different programs such as "Little Flower Field" and "Double Flower Field", which are episodic dances performed by 2 or 3 people. (5) Pan drum: It can be divided into ground pan drum, middle pan drum and upper pan drum. (6) Backstage: It belongs to the part of the little musical. The tune is "Flower Drum Song" composed of folk songs and local minor tunes.
3. Flower drum lantern instrumental music: Flower drum lantern music can be divided into two parts: flower drum song and instrumental music. The instrumental music of Huagu Deng is mainly gongs and drums, and the wind music is
The three major instruments of Huagu Deng: "Huagu Deng, big gong, and big cymbal" are one of the main forms of Han nationality singing and dancing. According to records, Yangko began "Village Music of Lantern Festival in the Southern Song Dynasty". There are narrow sense and broad sense. Yangko in the narrow sense specifically refers to two types of programs commonly known as "ground Yangko" and "stilts". In a broad sense, "Yangko" is mainly divided into two categories: one refers to various song and dance programs that can be interspersed or performed at the same time during folk festival gatherings; (such as "Land Boat", "Dragon Lantern"); the other refers to some dance programs based on Yangko An art type that transitions to opera and folk art. (Such as Errentai, Errenzhuan)
1. The origin of Yangge
(Qing Dynasty) Wu Xilin's "New Year Miscellaneous Odes": "Yangge is the village music of Lantern Festival in the Southern Song Dynasty. ..." It is believed that the Southern Song Dynasty song and dance "Cuntian Music" is an early form of Yangko.
2. Instrumental Yangko music
Yangko music can also be divided into two categories: instrumental music and vocal music. Under normal circumstances, instrumental music is mainly used for large-scale dances, and vocal music is mainly used for singing folk songs and small plays in small venues. It is a kind of ethnic minority song and dance mainly distributed in southwest and south-central my country. It can be divided into two categories: Lusheng dance and Calabash dance. Among them, Lusheng dance is mainly distributed among the Miao and Zhuang Dong ethnic groups in Guizhou, Guangxi and Hunan provinces; gourd Sheng dance is mainly distributed among the Tibeto-Burman Yi ethnic groups in Yunnan, Sichuan and other provinces.
1. The origin of the Lusheng Dance
In the Tang Dynasty, Fan Chuo's "Manshu" said: "The young people paraded in the alleys at dusk, blowing the gourds or leaves, and the sound was infused with rhythm. , all send love words and use gestures to each other."
2. The shape, combination and performance form of Lusheng dance
The Lusheng is made of bamboo and wood, and consists of sheng buckets and reeds. The buzzer consists of several parts.
There are roughly four types of performance: solo, duet Lusheng, set Lusheng, and Mangtong Lusheng
There are certain ethnic and regional differences in performance forms. (Miao nationality)
(1) Lusheng line dance
(2) Lusheng team dance
(3) Lusheng stepping on
(4 ) Couple dance and single dance
3. Lusheng dance music
(1) Genre type
Lusheng music can be divided into dance music, ritual music, ballad and Four types of singing.
(2) Texture type
①Single melody type
②Main tone type
③Polyphonic type
(3) Musical structure
Section: tripartite, progression, repetition with variations
Suite: variation suite, cycle suite (1) Tibetan Nangma
Tibetan folk dance art variety was once processed and standardized by Tibetan intellectuals and song and dance artists. "Nangma" is the transliteration of Tibetan. Its original meaning is "inside" or "inside the house", and some people also interpret it as "concentration".
1. The origin of Nangma
There are many theories about the origin of "Nangma": some say that the word "Nangma" is a foreign borrowing, which is the "Na" in Pakistan, South Asia. The homophony of "Gama" (the meaning of the song) came from Ladakh.
2. Nangma music
Nangma music consists of three parts: medium-tempo instrumental prelude, slow song section, and allegro dance section. It is stereotyped and formulaic. Strong musical and performance program structure. Nangma music is generally performed by a band composed of seven musical instruments, including the flute, Zhamunieqin, dulcimer, Jinghu, Teqin, Genka and string bells.
(2) Elephant Foot Drum
A Dai song and dance spread in Yunnan Province, which is accompanied by elephant foot drums, gongs and cymbals. At five o'clock, dance songs and percussion music appear alternately in a cycle, with the performance characteristics of not dancing (playing) while singing, and dancing (playing) without singing. It can be divided into elephant foot dance, heel dance, peacock dance, and twelve dance. Horse dance and many other types. "Hegutun" of the Dai people is a congratulatory tune sung by the Dai people during the "showing off" (gathering) to reward the guests with songs and dances and congratulate the people. The Dai people call it "Shouting Banguang".
(3) Uyghur Muqam Song and Dance Muqam is a traditional classical music spread in the Uyghur region of Xinjiang, China. It has a unified modal system and is composed of song, dance and music.
1. Tracing the origin of Muqam
One view is that the word "Muqam" comes from Muqam, which is the ancient Kucha language and means "big song". Some people also believe that the sound transformation of the Arabic "Makam" means "sound" as a general musical term, and as a musical term, it means "specific modes, melody patterns and improvised singing".
2. Muqam music
There are two song and dance suite structures of Muqam music:
One is like the first part of Twelve Muqam The song and dance suite and the third part, Maisierep, are part of a large-scale vocal and instrumental suite; the second part, like Dolang Muqam, is itself a folk song and dance suite with a relatively simple style.
3. "Mexirep"
(1) The original meaning is "Happy Party", which consists of three to six dances with different rhythms, without interludes or even A filler that is longer than one section.
(2) Lyrics
Muqam’s libretto is a series of unrelated poems.
(3) Scale mode
The natural seven-tone scale is the main one, with both pentatonic and six-tone scales.
(4) Accompanying instruments
Shatar, tamboer, dutar, tambourine, hot wap, etc.