1. Information about the musician Haydn
Franz Joseph Haydn (March 31, 1732-May 31, 1809), Also translated as Heiden, Haidian and Geding, the founder of the Vienna classical music school and the father of symphony, he was born in the beautiful village of Rolau in southern Austria near the Hungarian border.
Haydn is an important composer with great influence in the history of world music. He was the first representative of the Viennese classical music school and a composer with a creative spirit.
Haydn’s music is humorous, lively, and contains religious detachment. He developed the sonata form from piano to string ensemble. He was the founder of the main theme of instrumental music and integrated the independent sound of traditional counterpoint into The department is completely assimilated and the theme development unfolds on its own. Later, he visited the UK and accepted a doctorate in music from Oxford University. He was influenced by Handel and Mozart, producing melodious lyricism and a style similar to Baroque.
He replaced the piano with a string quartet and replaced the organ with an orchestra, creating two new forms of harmonious performance. Haydn, Mozart and Beethoven are outstanding representatives of the Viennese classical music school, nicknamed "Haydn Dad".
2. What contribution did Haydn make to the development of music?
Haydn created the main-key music style of the symphony; he also used polyphony techniques based on functional harmony. Development; perfected the four-movement sonata-symphony suite form so that the four movements of the work embody a unified artistic conception and express all aspects of life; developed the structure of the sonata allegro; established the double-pipe arrangement and modern orchestration of the orchestra The principles of law laid the foundation for the modern symphony orchestra.
Quartet is another important form of instrumental music creation for him, and he has written more than 80 pieces. In terms of sonatas and concertos, his 52 piano sonatas were mainly written for teaching and personal performance, and most of them are simple and slightly mediocre.
He has written more than 20 concertos, among which "Piano Concerto in D Major" and "Cello Concerto in D Major" are the most outstanding. Haydn's other works include 18 small comic operas, 8 oratorios and 12 masses.
3. Why Haydn became a great musician
Saint Beethoven, the father of German music, the father of twelve equal temperaments, Bach, the German oratorio master Handel, the German music poet Schumer Wagner, the master of German musical drama, Schubert, the king of German art songs, Karajan, the Austrian conducting emperor, Karajan, the king of Austrian waltzes, Johann Strauss, the father of the Austrian symphony and the quartet, Haydn, the Austrian music prodigy, Mozart, the king of Austrian opera, Verdi, Italy King of Tenors Caruso King of Italian Treble Pavarotti Italian Piano Poet Chopin King of Polish Violin Paganini Queen of Italian Opera Callas King of American Piano Liszt Hungarian Title Father of Music and Father of Modern Orchestral Paganini Lioz French Impressionist Master Debussy France Father of French Music Paul-Moria French Father of Russian Music Glinka Russian Divine Bow Heifetz Russian Music and Painting Master Mussorgsky Russian Father of Czech Music Dvosha The father of Czech new Czech music, Smetana, the founder of the Czech national music school and the first citizen of Finland, Sibelius, the master of the Finnish national music school, Grieg, the Norwegian contemporary piano master, Rubinstein Poland.
4. How many pieces of music did Haydn compose in one ***?
Haydn, an Austrian composer, was born in 1732 in Rolau, a village on the Austria-Hungary border.
Haydn was influenced by folk music and church music since he was a child. At the age of 6, he sang mass in the Hayneburg Choir and learned basic music knowledge, harpsichord and violin. Two years later, he became a singer in the choir of St. Stephen's Cathedral in Vienna.
In 1754, he learned composition, vocal music, etc. from Italian composer Porpora.
Beginning in 1761, Haydn served as court music director in the court of Prince Eszterhazy for nearly 30 years.
During this period, he wrote about 60 symphonies, 40 string quartets, about 30 piano sonatas, 5 masses and 11 operas. These works made him famous in the European music scene.
In 1781, Haydn met Mozart and established a sincere friendship. In 1790, Prince Eszterhazy died and the palace band was disbanded.
Haydn, who had been attached to the aristocracy for a long time, began to roam freely in the world of art. He went to London twice in 1791 and 1794, during which he wrote 12 "London Symphony" and other works, reaching the peak of his creation.
During a visit to London, he passed by Bonn, where he found the young Beethoven and expressed his wish to Mozart, an Austrian composer, who was born in Salzburg in 1756 in a family of court musicians. His musical talent was already revealed at the age of 3. He learned piano from his father at the age of 4 and was able to compose music at the age of 5. He also learned violin from his father at the age of 6 and toured Munich, Vienna and Pressburg with great success.
Mozart wrote a large number of musical works in his short life, leaving behind many immortal masterpieces with themes and forms covering various fields. Mozart is one of the representatives of the Viennese classical music school. In his short life, he left many immortal masterpieces, which have become precious heritage in the world's music treasure house.
His musical interest included Beethoven as a student. In 1792, Beethoven went to Vienna to become Haydn's teacher. Because the two had very different personalities, the teacher-student relationship did not last long.
But Haydn believed that Beethoven would sooner or later enter the ranks of Europe's greatest composers. After 1802, Haydn was in his twilight years and his creative inspiration dried up.
After his death in 1809, he was buried in the Hondesturm Cemetery. In 1820, he was reburied in the Berg Church in Eisenstadt. In 1932, Haydn's Mausoleum was built there.
5. What works of Haydn do you know?
The works of Haydn I know include Symphony No. 6 in D major "Morning" No. 7 in C major "Noon" No. 8 G "Evening" in E-flat major, No. 22 "Philosopher" No. 26 in D minor, "Elegy" No. 30 in C major, "Allelujah" No. 31 in D major, "The Horn" No. 43 in E-flat major, "Ink Hill" Lee" No. 44 in E minor "In Memoriam" No. 45 in F sharp minor "Farewell" No. 48 in C major "Maria Theresia" No. 49 in F minor for strings "Passion" No. 53 in D major "Supreme" No. 55 in E flat "Teacher" in A major, No. 59 "Symphony of Fire" in C major, No. 63 "Roquesolani" No. 69 in C major, "Loudon" in C major, no. 73 "Hunting" in D major, no. 82 "The Bear" No. 83 in G minor "The Hen" No. 85 in B major "The Queen" No. 94 in G major "Symphony of Surprise" No. 96 in D major "Miracle" No. 100 in G major "Army" No. 101 in D major "The Clock" No. 103 in E flat major "Drums" No. 104 in D major "Salome" Overture to the opera "Azide and Gratea", overture to the 1762 opera "The Pharmacist", 1768 opera "Infidelity" Overture to "The Beguiled", around 1773 (?) Overture to the opera "The Merchant", overture to the oratorio "The Return of Tobias" in 1768, overture to the opera "Soul of the Philosopher" in 1774, 1794 (?) Opera "World of the Moon" Overture to Act III, the 1777 opera "The Uninhabited Island" Overture, the 1779 opera "Armida" Overture, the 1783 opera "The Wedding Ring" Overture, the 1777 opera "Orlando Brave" Overture, the 1782 opera "Medicine" "Shang" Overture, 1768 "The Last Seven Words or Seven Sonatas of Our Savior Before His Crucifixion with an Introduction and Ending with an Earthquake" Band Music, 1785 Haydn's music style is passionate, elegant and full of joy , happy and peaceful atmosphere.
His music is like a beautiful pastoral poem. He always uses this style of writing to praise nature and life.
In his works, you can often feel the distinct Austrian folk song style. Another characteristic of Haydn's works is his clever sense of humor, and his music is full of pleasant and unique taste.
6. What is the difference between the musical styles of Beethoven and Haydn?
The most important difference, in one sentence, is that Beethoven’s music embodies the power of revolution, while Haydn’s works It embodies that optimistic style.
Beethoven had a rough life and did not have a family. His hearing deteriorated at the age of twenty-six, and he became deaf in his later years. He could only communicate with people through conversation books.
But his lonely life did not make him silent and retired. In the feudal restoration era when all progressive ideas were banned, he still adhered to the political belief of "freedom, equality, and fraternity" and through his speeches and works , shouting for communism and ideals, reflecting the revolutionary enthusiasm of the bourgeoisie at that time to fight against feudalism and fight for democracy, and wrote the immortal masterpiece "Ninth Symphony". His works were influenced by the Enlightenment Movement of the 18th century and the German Sturm und Drang movement. They have distinctive personalities and have developed greatly compared with their predecessors.
The era in which Haydn was born coincided with the decline of the Habsburg dynasty and the late Baroque period in cultural history. On the road of life, he experienced the "enlightened despotism" pioneered by Maria Theresa, and when he died, the entire Europe was facing the impact of the French Revolution.
This background of the times made Haydn ideologically inclined towards the Enlightenment and the emerging civil class at that time, but he did not understand the revolution. Haydn liked intimate themes of daily life and was good at expressing simple and clear human emotions and optimistic beliefs, but he did not like to express people's complex inner conflicts.
He is fascinating not with drama but with beauty and humor. Joy and hope constitute the temperament of Haydn's art.