Shizhaishan Site

Shizhaishan Site is a key cultural relic protection unit in Yunnan Province. It is located on the shore of Dianchi Lake, 5 kilometers west of Jincheng, Jinning County. From 1955 to 1960, four archaeological excavations were carried out, and 50 tombs of the Dian kings from the Warring States Period to the Western Han Dynasty were cleared, and more than 4,000 cultural relics were unearthed, including a gold seal of the Dian kings. Bronze vessels are the most numerous and most exciting cultural relics. These bronze vessels are engraved with broad social scenes such as wars, sacrifices, tributes, and labor. There are slaves, slave owners, warriors, civilians, witches, merchants, and a few people with long noses, deep eyes, and beards who wear different clothes. They are obviously foreign races. In terms of the shape of bronze vessels, the most representative ones are bronze drums, shell storage vessels and stilt-style houses known as "human house models", which are rare in other parts of the country. There are 127 bronze figures on the cover of a "Cumeng Sacrifice" vessel. There are also a number of "special-shaped artifacts", such as pointed leaf-shaped copper?NB159?! ⒊A urn, a hoe, a bronze sword with a snake-head-shaped neck and an unchecked neck, and various animal-shaped weapons. The bronzes also deliberately highlight hundreds of animal images, such as cows, tigers, snakes, leopards, horses, sheep, peacocks, pelicans, mandarin ducks, frogs, mastiffs, etc. In addition to using the pottery molding process, the Shizhaishan bronzes also used the world's most advanced "lost wax casting method" for precision hollowed objects. ?

Wang Renqiu Monument

Wang Renqiu Monument is a key cultural relic protection unit in Yunnan Province. It is located on Congmengwa Mountain in Xiaoshizhuang Village, Mingyihe Township, Anning City. The body of the monument is made of red sandstone, with a height of 2.8 meters and a width of 1.5 meters. It has 34 lines of text, 53 characters per line, and 1540 characters in total. On the forehead is the official script "Stele of the Former Governor of Hedong Prefecture of the Great Zhou Dynasty". It was written by Lu Qiujun, a writer in the Tang Dynasty, and Wang Shanbao, the son of Wang Renqiu, wrote the elixir. The stele was erected in the first year of the Holy Calendar of Wuzhou (698) and is the only remaining Tang stele in Kunming. When this stele was discovered by Yang Sheng'an in the Ming Dynasty, it was lost in the weeds. Because of the poem he wrote, he said: "Who cares about the desolation? The county does not know it." In the 52nd year of Qianlong's reign in the Qing Dynasty (1787), it was promoted by the epigrapher Wang Chang and became famous. Many scholars and local chronicles have included it in their books. Many officials in Yunnan would beat several copies as a treasure when they left office. Wang Renqiu, a native of Anning, was the governor of Hedong Prefecture. His ancestors came from Taiyuan, and? Their ancestors are the same, and they are both Western surnames. In the Tang Dynasty, he was promoted to a general, and he quelled Meng Jian's invasion and achieved great military exploits. The Wang family's territory is located in the eastern part of Yunnan. This monument is an important historical material for studying the Tang Dynasty's management of Yunnan. ?

East-West Temple Pagoda

East-West Temple Pagoda is a key cultural relic protection unit in Yunnan Province. Located in the south of Kunming City. The original site was Changle and Huiguang Temple in the Tang Dynasty. It was built by Yuchi Gongtao, a master craftsman sent by Wang Cuodian, the envoy of Nongdong Jiedu in the eighth year of Emperor Xuanzong's reign in Tang Dynasty (854). The West Tower collapsed during an earthquake in the 12th year of Hongzhi's reign in the Ming Dynasty (1499), and was rebuilt in imitation of the East Tower in the 16th year of Hongzhi's reign (1503). The reconstruction of the west tower is an interesting coincidence. Both towers retain the style of the Tang Dynasty. The east tower is 40.57 meters high. It is a hollow square brick tower with a three-level stone platform and dense eaves. Its plane side length is 7.23 meters and the wall thickness is 2.7 meters. There is a spiral wooden staircase leading directly to the tenth floor. ***13 floors, the first floor is the highest, up to 10 meters, with a gate, an underground palace, 1.5 meters deep, and a wooden seated Buddha that was originally placed, but is now missing. There are niches on all sides from the second to the twelfth floor. The niches are 0.52 meters high and 0.54 meters wide. Each floor has a Buddha, which was donated by good men and women. The eaves on each floor are made of 10 stacked layers of flat bricks. The second floor is made of dog-tooth edges. The width of the eaves ranges from 0.9 meters to 1.1 meters. Four copper Garudas are placed at the four corners of the top of the tower, 2.03 meters high. There is a tubular flute inside the chicken's beak. Whenever the southwest wind blows strongly, it cries and the sound can be heard far and wide. The flute is now rusty and no longer sounds. The shape of the West Tower is similar to that of the East Tower, but the difference is that there is no underground palace. During repairs in 1984, a large amount of glutinous rice and yellow mud cement was excavated. Its function was to increase the strength of the foundation, which was a characteristic of the Ming Dynasty construction technology. The West Tower is slightly smaller, 36 meters high, 6.95 meters long at the base, and 2.5 meters thick. There are occasionally raised oblique patterns and pagoda figures on the anvil, which is obviously the original anvil from the Tang Dynasty. The East-West Temple Pagoda is a typical square pagoda with dense eaves in Yunnan. Compared with the same type of brick pagodas in the mainland (such as the Small Wild Goose Pagoda in Xi'an), it has distinctive characteristics. ?

The Sutra Building of Dizang Temple

The Sutra Building of Dizang Temple is a national key cultural relic protection unit. Located at No. 71, Tuodong Road, Kunming City. Also known as the Dali Guojing Building, or simply the Ancient Building, it was first built in the Song Dynasty. After renovation in 1923, it was turned into an ancient building park and is now the Kunming Municipal Museum.

This stone building from the Dali Kingdom has seven levels and eight sides, and is composed of five sections of sandstone carvings. It is 6.5 meters high and contains about 300 esoteric Buddhas, Bodhisattvas and eight deities and dragons. The large statue is about 1 meter high, and the small statue is less than 3 centimeters. The knife skills are powerful and exquisite. Experts at home and abroad praise it as the best art in central Yunnan. Before the Ming Dynasty, there were more than 600 stone buildings in the country. However, the number of statues on one building and the richness and exquisiteness of the content were unprecedented. On the base of the stone building, there is a Chinese "Building Record" inscribed in Chinese, with 62 lines and 622 words, no date or month. It looks like a pagoda with seven octagonal floors. The lower base is an octagonal Xumizuo, with eight coiled dragons embossed on it. The four corners are earth gods crouching on the four sides; above, there are four figures wearing armor, holding axes and axes, and ghost slaves on their feet. Mahadeva. The above four floors are respectively engraved with pictures of Sakyamuni's sermons, Bodhisattva and Arhat images, and are decorated with pavilions and halls; the sixth floor is engraved with Sanskrit "The Dharani Mantra on the Top of the Buddha", "The Vow of the Great Sun", " Take the Four Great Vows" and other classics. In addition, it is also engraved with the Chinese translation of "Buddha's Prajnaparamita Heart Sutra". Judging from the themes carved on the stone buildings, the religious color is extremely strong, which is very different from the carving style of some sutra buildings in the Central Plains at that time. Except for the Vajra statue, the carving techniques are slightly rough, and the compositions and shapes of other Buddha statues and buildings are very exquisite, with bright and delicate lines. The most vivid, showing a high degree of artistic skills. Judging from the style of "Building Buildings", it is a combination of parallel prose and prose, which fully reflects the close relationship between Bai culture and Han culture. This is also rare in the country and has been evaluated by Japanese scholars as a unique masterpiece in China. ?

The Five Hundred Arhats of Qiongzhu Temple

The Five Hundred Arhats of Qiongzhu Temple are key cultural relics protection units in Yunnan Province. Qiongzhu Temple is located on Yuan Mountain, 14 kilometers northwest of the city. It was built during the Dali Kingdom of the Song Dynasty and was repeatedly destroyed. It suffered a fire in the 17th year of Yongle (1419) in the Ming Dynasty, and was rebuilt in the 20th year of Yongle (1422), which took 7 years to complete. Later, it was rebuilt during the Xianfeng and Guangxu years of the Qing Dynasty. The existing temple is a legacy from the late Qing Dynasty. The famous painted sculpture of the Five Hundred Arhats was also completed during this period. The current Qiongzhu Temple consists of the mountain gate, bell tower, Tianwang Hall, Luohan Hall, wing room, main hall, backyard service department, Huayan Pavilion, and Haihui Tower. The main building layout is oriented east-west and symmetrical from north to south. The temple covers an area of ??2.5 hectares and the forest farm covers an area of ??629.5 hectares. The main tree species are Yunnan pine. There are two peacock fir trees from the Ming Dynasty inside the mountain gate. One of them has a diameter at breast height of 1.44 meters, a height of 29 meters and a crown diameter of 13 meters. The Five Hundred Arhats are the key cultural relics of Qiongzhu Temple and were sculpted by Sichuan master Li Guangxiu. From the ninth to the sixteenth year of Guangxu (1883-1890), Li Guangxiu and his disciples worked hard for seven years to create the "Fanyin Pavilion" and "Tiantai Pavilion" of Qiongzhu Temple and the Arhats on both sides of the main hall. There are 216 statues in each of the two Arhat Halls, 68 statues in the Main Hall, and a total of 500 statues. The clay sculptures in Luohan Hall are arranged in three levels: upper, middle and lower, with the same height as real people. This group of creations by Li Guangxiu breaks away from the traditional Buddhist clay sculpture model of sitting upright, dull expressions, and one-of-a-kind. Instead, it uses rich real-life social figures as models, with realistic shapes, distinctive personalities, and various postures and lifelike shapes. In the main hall, there is also a vernacular tablet erected in the Yanyuan year (1316) of Emperor Renzong of the Yuan Dynasty, also known as the imperial edict tablet in Mongolian and Chinese languages. It is a precious material for studying history, language and religious history of Yunnan. ?

Fahua Temple Grottoes

Fahua Temple Grottoes is a key cultural relic protection unit in Yunnan Province. Located in Xiaotaohua Village, Luoyang Mountain, Anning City. Fahua Temple was built by the Duan family in Dali during the Song Dynasty. The original temple was destroyed in the seventh year of Xianfeng in the Qing Dynasty (1857). The land is full of wild flowers, gurgling water, and rarely visited. The cliffs of Luoyang Mountain stand abruptly as if they were cut. There are 24 caves drilled into the red sandstone. The grotto is divided into four parts. The lowest level of the mountain wall is the first place. There are two round sculptures of Bodhisattvas side by side, each 1.5 meters high. They are the largest statues in the grotto except the reclining Buddha. On the right is the statue of Avalokitesvara Bodhisattva, wearing a flower crown and a shoulder-length cassock, sitting in lotus position with two giant lotuses under the vajra throne; there are two circles of backlight, with the upper circle pressing on the lower circle, forming a gourd shape. The Bodhisattva sitting side by side on the right also wears a crown on his head and holds a Tony bead in his left hand. He is holding something broken in his right hand. The remaining stone carving beside his head shows that it is a jeweled pillar, so it is concluded that it is Ksitigarbha Bodhisattva. The second stone carving is about 30 meters behind and to the left of the two Bodhisattvas, which is the Eighteen Arhat Cave. Each cave is 80 centimeters high, with a vaulted ceiling and an Arhat sculpture inside, about 60 centimeters high. Most of the statue is damaged and has no head. The Arhat is divided into three floors. In the middle of the first floor, someone carved the two characters "Wanzhao" during the Kangxi period of the Qing Dynasty, which means "the sunset and the evening light" of the eight peaceful scenes. The third place is more than 10 meters to the left of Luohan Cave, and there are two caves. The sculpture in the first cave shows a figure with his hands on his knees and his head bowed in meditation, with his left fold and right exposed, which is a picture of Sakyamuni's asceticism. In the second cave, there is a person wearing a long coat with wide sleeves and holding a bowl in his hand. This is the shepherd girl offering her breasts.

Behind the shepherd girl is a buffalo, carrying scriptures on its back and touching the woman's clothes with its horns. The fourth place is 100 meters away from the south of Luohan Cave. There is a Nirvana Buddha carved, 4 meters long, with the head of the reclining Buddha facing south and east. It is in a bun with a screw bun, a shoulder-length cassock, bare chest and bare feet, with its arms bent on the pillow, and its expression is leisurely. On the right wall outside the cave are the six characters "Fa Ben Lun Gu Tian Deng". ?

Caoxi Temple

Caoxi Temple is a key cultural relic protection unit in Yunnan Province. It is located on the west bank of Mantis River, 7 kilometers northwest of Anning City, on the hillside of Longshan Mountain. The layout of the temple rises layer by layer with the mountain topography. Along the central axis there are the mountain gate, Wei Tuo Hall, main hall and back hall. There are bell and drum towers on the left and right in front of the main hall. The temple was first built in the Song Dynasty, but only the main hall of the existing buildings was rebuilt in Jiajing of the Ming Dynasty, and the rest are from the Qing Dynasty. The main hall has double eaves, resting on the mountain, and a raised beam structure. The width is 12.3 meters in 5 rooms, and the depth is 11 meters in 5 rooms. The brackets are powerful and thick, and the upper and lower eaves are cross arches. The brackets are simple and simple, with a legacy from the Song and Yuan Dynasties. There is a collection of cultural relics in the temple, including the famous Western statues of the Three Saints in the Ming Dynasty, the bronze casts of Mahakala and the Three Saints of the South China Sea, and the large wooden sculptures of the Three Saints of the South China Sea from the Southern Song Dynasty. There are also two square steles of Yang Sheng'an, the number one scholar in the late Ming Dynasty, and a square stele of the Kangxi governor of Yunnan and Guizhou. Both of them are pure in diction and are of the highest quality among the steles. The main hall of Caoxi Temple is the oldest among the existing ancient buildings in Yunnan and the building with the highest technical and artistic value. ?

The Tomb of the King of Xianyang

The Tomb of the King of Xianyang is a key cultural relic protection unit in Yunnan Province. King Xianyang was the title of the first political official in Yunnan Pingzhang, Chi? Gan Siding. There are two tombs of him, one is in Wuliduo Primary School in Kunming City. It is 2.8 meters high, 2.4 meters wide, and 4 meters long. It is inlaid with stones on all sides. On the front is Yuan Jiagu's calligraphy inscription with the characters "Yuan Xianyang King Fansi Ding's Tomb". On the left is "Yuan Shi? Fansi Ding Biography" and on the right is the sixth year of the Republic of China ( 1917) Yuan Jiagu wrote "Reconstruction of Xianyang Royal Tombs". There is a stone eaves-shaped cover above the tomb. The tomb is built on a high platform with railings on the front and stone steps on both sides. In the early years of the Republic of China, when the royal tomb was being renovated in Baotingliang, Kunming, it was discovered that there were no bones in the tomb, only copper pots and bath towels. It should be a memorial tomb for future generations to pay homage to. The real tomb of Gan Siding is in Majia'an Village, Malshan, Songhuaba. The sky and ground are vast here, and the mountains are covered with wild flowers. The tomb faces south, with the lower part built with stone and the upper part sealed with earth. It is 1.8 meters high, 1.4 meters wide and 2.6 meters long. On the right side of the tomb is the tomb of his son Nasuradin, which has the same shape. In 1987, the Kunming Cultural Management Committee restored the tombs of Gan Siding and his son and re-erected the tombstones. During the period when Gan Siding governed Yunnan from the eleventh year of the Yuan Dynasty (1274) to the sixteenth year of the Yuan Dynasty (1279), he focused on improving ethnic relations and focusing on improving ethnic relations. He also carried out administrative reforms and implemented the system of prefectures and counties; It paid great attention to the development of agriculture, vigorously developed water conservancy projects, connected six rivers, dredged the sea mouth, and built the Songhua Dam Reservoir. These facilities still benefit the people of Kunming to this day. Culturally, it established Confucian temples, purchased scriptures and history, and promoted advanced cultural and educational undertakings in the Central Plains. He ruled Yunnan for 6 years, made outstanding political achievements and won the hearts of the people. He died in office. ?

Jingang Pagoda

Jingang Pagoda is a national key cultural relic protection unit. It is located in the ancient town of Guandu in the southern suburbs of Kunming. It was first built in the Zhizheng period of the Yuan Dynasty (1341~1367), rebuilt in the second year of Mingshun (1458), and rebuilt in the Kangxi period. The Vajra Pagoda, which looks like the White Pagoda in Beihai, Beijing, is a masonry structure Tantric Pagoda. The lower part of the tower is a 10.4-meter-square Xumizuo-style stone platform. The platform is 4.7 meters high and has four crisscrossing holes. When the tower was first built, people It can be entered and exited from all sides, so it is commonly known as the "heart-piercing tower". Now the base of the tower has sunk, and only about 1 meter of the arched part of the doorway is left on the ground, but the tower body is still stable and upright. On the upper part of the tower, there is a main tower in the center and small towers at the four corners. There is a stone fence around it. The main tower is shaped like an urn-shaped sutra pillar on a square base, with an umbrella on top. There are small bronze statues of the Four Heavenly Kings on the umbrella. The square tower base is carved with lions, elephants, horses, peacocks and other animal images, and a statue of Hercules is carved in each of the four corners, which is vivid in shape. The height from the base of the tower to the top is 16.5 meters. This pagoda is the only one in Yunnan Province and is of great value to the study of the history of Buddhism and ancient architectural art in Southwest China. ?

Golden Palace

The Golden Palace is a national key cultural relic protection unit. Also known as Tongwa Temple and Taihe Palace. Located on the top of Mingfeng Mountain (also known as Parrot Mountain) 7 kilometers northeast of the city, facing east to west, it is a famous Taoist temple in Yunnan. It was built in the 30th year of Wanli in Ming Dynasty (1602). In the tenth year of Chongzhen in the Ming Dynasty (1637), Zhang Fenghe, governor of Yunnan, moved the bronze palace to Tianzhu Peak of Jizu Mountain in Binchuan. In the 10th year of Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty (1671), Wu Sangui, King of Pingxi, rebuilt the existing bronze hall to house the bronze statue of Zhenwu in the North Pole. This copper palace is larger and more refined than the original one that was demolished, covering an area of ??200 square meters, with double eaves on the top of the mountain and winding corridors. The main text on the spine is "Built in honor of Wu Sangui, King of the West of Jiping, on the 16th day of the lunar month of Xinhai in the 10th year of Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty." The width of the three rooms is 7.8 meters and the depth is 6.15 meters.

There are six partition doors on each side of the hall, 10 at the front and rear, 8 at the left and right, and 36 at the front. Outside the hall, there is a pair of bronze pavilions dedicated to the turtle and snake generals. In front of the hall, there is a high pole of the sun, moon and seven-star flag. There are buildings, pavilions, and flagpoles nearby, all of which are forged from bronze. After 1977, the state invested heavily year by year to build two roads up the mountain, repair the ancient buildings of the First, Second and Third Gates and the Palace of Supreme Harmony, and set up a cultural relics exhibition room. In 1983, a 29-meter-high bell tower was built at the highest point of Mingfeng Mountain south of the Tongdian Hall. The bell tower is a reinforced concrete structure in the shape of a cross, with three floors and thirty-six corners. A large bronze bell hangs under the dome on the third floor of the bell tower. This bell was cast in the 21st year of Yongle in the Ming Dynasty (1423). The bell is 3.5 meters high, 6.7 meters in diameter and 6.7 meters in circumference, and weighs 13.84 tons. It was originally hung on the Xuanhua Tower in the south of Kunming. It was initially used to tell time and later to alarm. In 1953, the Xuanhua Building was demolished and the bell was moved to Guzhuang Park and later to the Golden Palace for protection. Walkways and pavilions were built in the oilwood forest around the bell tower, and a tourist area was built in the mountain forest. The "Kunming Garden and Botanical Garden" covering an area of ??more than 30 hectares was built. The botanical garden includes: greenhouse area, camellia garden, parrot garden, magnolia garden, rose garden, cherry blossom area, rose area, cedar lawn garden, bamboo botanical garden, waterscape garden, etc. The Cash Palace Scenic Area has developed more than 60 hectares of land. ?

Mahazhi Tombstone

Mahazhi Tombstone is a key cultural relic protection unit in Yunnan Province. It is located in front of Mahazhi's tomb in Zhenghe Park, Yueshan, Kunyang Town, Jinning County. Mahatma is the father of Zheng He. Three monuments stand side by side in front of his tomb. In the middle is Mahatma's tombstone, with the seal on the forehead "The epitaph of the old Ma Gong". The base of the monument is a giant turtle. The stele is made of red sandstone, 1.6 meters high and 0.93 meters wide. It is written in regular script, with 14 lines of text and 28 characters in each line. In the upper right corner of the stele, there is an inscription of Zheng He returning to his hometown to visit his tomb. On the right side of Magong's inscription, there is a bluestone tablet called "Inscription and Postscript on the Epitaph of Zheng He Taigong" written by Xia Guangnan, which was erected in the 24th year of the Republic of China (1935). On the left side, there is "History of the Ming Dynasty - Biography of Sanbao Eunuch Zheng He" written by Wu Liangying, a native of Yi. The bluestone tablet was also engraved in the 24th year of the Republic of China. ?

Daguan Tower

Daguan Tower is a key cultural relic protection unit in Yunnan Province. It is located in Grand View Park in the southwest of Kunming City. In the 35th year of the reign of Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty (1696), Wang Jiwen, the governor of Yunnan, proposed to dig a large lake and pond near Huapu and build a two-story building named Daguan Tower. In the eighth year of Daoguang reign of the Qing Dynasty (1828), Zhai Jinguang, the governor of Yunnan, rebuilt the building into a three-story building. In the third year of Xianfeng's reign (1853), Emperor Xianfeng bestowed a golden plaque with the title "Balang Thousand Layers of Waves", which is still hanging on the eaves of the building. Daguan Tower is located on the north shore of Dianchi Lake, across the water from Taihua Mountain on the west bank of Dianchi Lake. It has beautiful and magnificent scenery. In addition, it has many famous couplets, plaques and calligraphy of famous people. As more and more tourists visit it, it has become a famous place. In particular, Sun Yan's 180-character long couplet is even more praised. It was established as a park in 1950, and eight surrounding private gardens and villas, including Lu Garden, Yu Garden, Ma Garden, Chen Garden, Bai Garden, Li Garden and Ding Garden, were successively handed over to Daguan Park for management, expanding the tourist area and making the park It covers an area of ??38 hectares, including 14 hectares on land and 24 hectares on water. ?

Yunnan Army Lecture Hall

Yunnan Army Lecture Hall is a national key cultural relic protection unit. It is located on the west bank of Green Lake in Kunming. Founded in the first year of Xuantong in the Qing Dynasty (1909), it was an expansion of the original Military Preparatory School and Army Primary School. At that time, it was mainly used to train middle and lower-level officers of the new army. In the early days, it was supervised by the Governor of Yunnan and Guizhou. In the second year, Li Gengen was appointed as the general manager (equivalent to the principal). Most of the instructors at the school graduated from the Japanese Military Academy, and many of them participated in the alliance. The Martial Arts Hall instilled Sun Yat-sen's revolutionary ideas into students, secretly established the Tongmenghui organization, and circulated progressive books and periodicals, making the school a fortress of the old democratic revolution. The original site of the Jiangwu Hall included the current Science and Technology Museum and the Provincial Library. Now there is only one main building left. The layout is a large quadrangle with a brick and wood structure in the shape of a horse and corner building. The two-story building is 120 meters long on each side, 10 meters deep and 12 meters high. , the south building is the parade building, which is the key point and is 15 meters high. The courtyard is a playground. The school has four branches: infantry, riding, artillery, and engineering. Each term ranges from one to one and a half years. As of 1928, *** held 23 terms. Some outstanding revolutionary generals graduated from Jiangwu Hall, such as Zhu De, a graduate of Class C of the first batch, Ye Jianying, a student of the twelfth batch, and Zhou Baozhong, a student of the seventeenth batch. Since the third term, the Martial Arts Hall has also recruited many students from North Korea and Vietnam. For example, Cui Yongjian from North Korea is a student in the 18th term. Ho Chi Minh of Vietnam also secretly selected young people to study in Wushu Hall many times, creating a group of military backbones for his anti-French struggle.

In Yunnan's "Chongjiu Uprising", "National Defense Movement" and later the Anti-Japanese War, teachers and students of Jiangwu Hall fought one after another, shed blood and sacrificed their lives, showing a high degree of patriotic enthusiasm and national integrity, laying an immortal foundation for national liberation and anti-fascism. Meritorious service. ?

Zhu De's Poetry Monument

Zhu De's Poetry Monument is a key cultural relic protection unit in Yunnan Province. That is, the stele of poems and prose given by Zhu De to Monk Yingkong. It is now located in Tanhua Temple Park in the eastern suburbs of Kunming. The stele is made of bluestone, 1.22 meters high and 0.55 meters wide. The inscription is divided into two parts: preface and poem, with 15 lines total and 331 words in regular script. It was established in the first month of 1922. The preface expresses Zhu De's ten years of military service and bloody battlefield experience. His original intention was to eliminate autocracy and restore civil rights, but he predicted that the country was deteriorating, with internal strife and external troubles, and the world was still dark, with a bleak future and no way to repay him. The clear writing in the poem reflects the sky and expresses his own hidden pain. It truly reflects Zhu De's ideological state in the process of seeking the revolutionary truth. In the same year, Zhu De resigned and went to Europe to join the Communist Party of China. Monk Yingkong (1864~1922), a native of Kunming, was the abbot of Tanhua Temple at that time. ?

Jiaoping Crossing

Jiaoping Crossing is a key cultural relic protection unit in Yunnan Province. It is located on the Jinsha River in Luquan Yi Autonomous County, 190 kilometers away from Kunming. From May 1st to 9th, 1935, the main force of the Central Red Army and more than 30,000 people from the central government agencies, under the command of Mao Zedong, Zhou Enlai, Zhu De and others, used only 7 wooden boats to cross the Kyaoping River in victory. The Jinsha River, a natural chasm, achieved a decisive victory in the strategic shift. On May 9, 1994, the "Red Army Crossing the River Monument" was built at Jiaopingdu.

Nie Er’s Tomb

Nie Er’s Tomb is a national key cultural relic protection unit. Located in Xishan Park on the outskirts of Kunming. The cemetery covers an area of ??1,200 square meters. With green mountains at its back and Dianchi Lake in front. The cemetery is shaped like a Yunnan yueqin, with seven flower beds representing the seven musical scales. The tomb is located on the sound hole of the Yueqin. It is round and 3.8 meters in diameter. It is built with 24 pieces of ink stone, symbolizing Nie Er's 24-year-old young life. A wreath carved from white marble with a diameter of 1.5 meters is placed on the tomb. The front of the tombstone is engraved with "The Tomb of People's Musician Nie Er" written by Guo Moruo, and the epitaph written by Guo Moruo is engraved on the back. On the screen wall behind the tomb are engraved large-scale reliefs composed of the Great Wall, the March of the Volunteers, and the masses' resistance to Japan and national salvation, as well as Tian Han's eulogy of that year. In front of the tomb is a white marble statue of Nie Er, 3.2 meters high. There are reception rooms and cemetery management rooms on the left side of the tomb. The cemetery was renovated in 1985, and a grand commemorative event and new tomb inauguration ceremony was held in Xishan on July 17.

Tomb of the December 14th Martyrs

The Tomb of the December 14th Martyrs is a key cultural relic protection unit in Yunnan Province. Located in Yunnan Normal University in Kunming. On November 25, 1945, more than 6,000 teachers and students from Southwest Associated University and Yunnan University called for peace, opposed civil war, demanded democracy, and opposed autocracy, but were blocked and sabotaged by the authorities. The teachers and students were unwilling to give in and went on strike. On December 1, the Kuomintang authorities sent special agents and military police into the school and threw grenades at the unarmed teachers and students. Four people, including Yu Zai, Pan Yan, Li Lulian, and Zhang Huachang, were shot and died, and more than 10 people were seriously injured. This is the tragedy of December 1 that shocked the whole country. Faced with the butcher's knife, the young people did not give in and received support from young students across the province and country. In order to commemorate the martyrs, the Student Strike Federation decided to use donations from people from all walks of life at that time to build the tomb of the four martyrs on the campus of Southwest Associated University (the current site). On March 17, 1946, after a funeral demonstration attended by 30,000 people, the four martyrs were buried here. Since 1981, the government has renovated the cemetery and built a memorial hall for the December 1st Movement next to the tomb to display relevant pictures and cultural relics. The tombs of the Four Martyrs are hidden among green bamboos and cypresses. There are two stone pillars standing in front of the tomb passage. The top of the stone pillars is a bright red torch. The base is engraved with "The Beginning and End of the December 1st Movement" written by Mr. Wen Yiduo. The stone screen behind the tomb is the Statue of Liberty: countless young people follow the Statue of Liberty and call for light. Under the relief, there is a deeply emotional eulogy engraved.

The Tomb of the Third Class Martyr Wang De

The Tomb of the Third Class Martyr Wang De is a key cultural relic protection unit in Yunnan Province. That is, the cemetery of the three martyrs Wang Desan, Wu Cheng and Ma Dengyun. It is located in Heilongtan Park in the northern suburbs of Kunming. The tomb is in the shape of a dome, with a permanent wreath carved in front of it, stone railings around it, and lush evergreen trees such as cedar, cypress, and evergreen trees planted around it. Wang Desan is from Xiangyun County, Yunnan. Born in 1898, he joined the Communist Party of China in 1922. In 1927, he became the first secretary of the Yunnan Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China. Due to betrayal by a traitor, he was unfortunately arrested in 1930 and died heroically in December of the same year at the age of only 32.

Wu Cheng, female, from Kunming. Born in 1900, he joined the Communist Party of China in 1926 and later served as a member of the Yunnan Underground Party Committee of the Communist Party of China. He was arrested for betrayal by a traitor in 1930. In December of the same year, he died at the same time as Wang Desan at the age of 30. Ma Dengyun, Hui nationality, is from Kunming. Born in 1910, he joined the Communist Party of China in 1927. He was arrested in 1929 and killed on September 1 of the same year. He was only 19 years old. The three martyrs were originally buried in Guojia'ao, an eastern suburb of Kunming, but were moved to the Heilongtan Park Cemetery in 1961.

Meishu Village Precambrian boundary stratotype section

Meishu Village Precambrian boundary stratotype section is located in Kunyang Town, Jinning County, Kunming City. It is composed of standard sections of various geological layers such as the "Lower Sinian Chengjiang Formation". In 1983, the International Geographic Boundary Line Workers Conference confirmed the Meishucun section as the "Sinian-Cambrian boundary stratigraphic section" and installed the "Golden Spike" mark, becoming China's first internationally selected stratigraphic stratigraphic section. . It is of great significance for studying the history of the earth, exploring the origin and evolution of life, and searching for mineral resources related to these strata.

Anning Hot Spring

Anning Hot Spring is a famous scenic resort in Yunnan Province. Located in Hot Spring Town, Anning City, more than 30 kilometers away from Kunming City, it is world-famous for "the best hot spring in the world". The spring area is located on the bank of Mantis River, surrounded by lush forests and fresh air. The spring water is light bicarbonate calcium hot water with a temperature between 43°C and 45°C. It is suitable for bathing and drinking and has many curative effects on the human body. Anning Hot Spring was discovered in the early Eastern Han Dynasty and developed early. In the Ming Dynasty, it was introduced by Yang Yiqing, Yang Shen, Xu Xiake and other famous people in writings, and its reputation rose sharply. Guo Moruo, Dong Biwu and others wrote poems to praise it when they were recuperating here. In recent years, it has been turned into a health resort.

Songming Black Dragon Pool

Songming Black Dragon Pool is located in Baiyi Township, Songming County, Kunming City. It is one of the water sources of Panlong River. The area has lush forests, beautiful scenery, and ancient theaters and other buildings. It was a place where ancient people prayed for rain. Longtan is located at the foot of the mountain, with an area of ??half an acre. There is a temple beside the pond with a plaque of "Panjiang Zhaoyou" written by Emperor Guangxu of the Qing Dynasty.

Fumin Heshang Cave

Fumin Heshang Cave is located 5 kilometers southwest of Fumin County, Kunming City. It is named because the Mantis River flows endlessly under the cave. Two peaks stand in front of the cave. The upper section is covered with ancient trees and the lower section is steeply cut. The water in the river is rapid, and the mountains and waters complement each other. It is a wonderful place to enrich the people. The entrance of the cave faces south, and there are many stalactites in the cave. The landscape can be divided into three sections: the first section is the "South China Sea in the Cave". The stalactites are colorful and full of wonders. There is a stalactite "South China Sea Guanyin" sitting on the lotus platform, solemn, solemn and lifelike. The second paragraph is "Crystal Palace". The stone wall in front of you is like a colorful brocade screen. The stalactites on both sides resemble lotus flowers, and the water drops fall to the ground with a clanging sound. The third paragraph is "Dragon Girl's Harem". The "Palace Maid" and "Cai'e" stood waiting for the "Dragon Girl" to go out. Geographer Xu Xiake of the Ming Dynasty visited and inspected the cave. In 1930, paleontologist Jia Lanpo and others collected giant panda and other paleontological fossils in the cave, which attracted the attention of scholars at home and abroad.

Stone Forest Wonders

Stone Forest Wonders is a national key scenic spot. It is located in Lunan Yi Autonomous County, 90 kilometers away from Kunming city. It is a magical masterpiece left by the tectonic movement 250 million years ago. The stone peak rises from the ground and is known as "the first wonder in the world". Coupled with the spring-like climate all year round and the Sani customs of the Yi people, it is even more famous at home and abroad. The Stone Forest Scenic Area includes seven scenic spots, namely Big and Small Stone Forest, Naigu Stone Forest, Zhiyun Cave, Qifeng Cave, Chang Lake, Yue Lake and Dadieshui, covering an area of ??350 square kilometers. Among them, the large and small stone forest scenic spots have abrupt stone peaks and rock pillars that are generally 20 to 60 meters high. They have strange shapes and various poses, which are very imaginative. They constitute such structures as "Ashima", "Phoenix Combing Wings", and "Two Birds Crossing Food". , "Elephant standing on a stone platform", "Mother and son traveling together", "Walking calmly", "Eighteen farewell", "Flying Dragon Horse", "Wannian Ganoderma", "Water Guanyin", "Jianfeng Pool" and other expressions A vivid and artistic landscape. In Naigu Stone Forest (also known as Black Pine Rock), the underground stone forest, clouds and lakes complement each other, and the underground caves and rivers overlap. There are "Butterfly Lovers Meet", "Immortal Chess Table", "General's Formation", "Peacock Playing with Phoenix", and "Giant Elephant Looks Back" "The landscape that seems both real and illusory is mesmerizing. The total length of Zhiyun Cave is 452 meters. The cave is as wide as a hall and can accommodate hundreds of people. The cave is as narrow as an alleyway. You have to bend down to get in and out. There are holes in the cave, like a maze. Among them, the "welcoming living room" of Xiaozhiyun Cave, Landscapes such as "Immortal Wandering", "Water Curtain Cave", "Spruce Holding the Sky", and "Demon Punishment Hall" are truly unique and interesting. Dadieshui, formerly known as Dieshui Yanyun and Feilong Waterfall, is one of the largest and most spectacular waterfalls in Yunnan Province.

The waterfall erupts from the mouth of the Bajiang Valley, with a drop of 98 meters, a top width of 30 meters, and a bottom width of 80 meters. The mist rises like beads dancing from the sky, and the cliffs on the opposite side stand like a mighty stone general guarding the flying dragon. Changhu Lake covers an area of ??3.94 square kilometers and has a water surface of 0.8 square kilometers. There is water in the mountains and mountains in the water. The Penglai, Yingzhou and Fangzhang Islands in the lake have verdant trees, clear lake water, colorful aquatic plants growing on the lakeside, rugged rocks around the lake, natural vegetation well protected, and a quiet and charming environment. Since the stone forest opened in the 1980s, the number of tourists has increased year by year, with the annual number of tourists reaching up to 1.5 million.

Dianchi Lake Scenic Area

Dianchi Lake Scenic Area is a national key scenic spot. Located in the south of Kunming City. Dianchi Lake is a plateau subsidence lake formed by a strong crustal movement 12 million years ago. It is 40 kilometers long from north to south and 3 to 12.5 kilometers wide from east to west. The deepest lake water is 10 meters. It has a water storage of 1.289 billion cubic meters and a maximum water storage capacity of 1.5 billion cubic meters. The lake surface is about 300 square kilometers. It is the sixth largest freshwater lake in the country. More than 20 rivers including the Panlong River, Baoxiang River, Jinzhi River, Chai River, and Dahe River in Kunming flow into Dianchi Lake, forming the Dianchi Lake water system. The water of Dianchi Lake flows westward from Haikou in the southwest (now a Xiyuan Tunnel is dug), and enters the Jinsha River through Mantis River and Pudu River in the north. Surrounding Dianchi Lake, there are many scenic spots and health resorts with beautiful scenery, including the Grand View Tower of "Ten Thousand Miles of Clouds and Mountains and One Water Tower", the natural bathing beach Haigeng, Xishan Park, the first scenic spot in central Yunnan, and the majestic Arhat with thousands of cliffs. Mountains, the West Garden with red flowers and blue water, shaded by rays of sunshine, Yang Sheng'an Temple and Xu Xiake Memorial Hall, Guanyin Mountain with flying mountains and shaded by lake light, Baiyukou, a health resort shaded by willows in the depths, Stone City with its exquisite rocks and phantoms, Haikou with turbulent mountains and misty fishing villages, Yueshan Park in the hometown of Zheng He; Shijiangjiang Cave with its reliefs, Niu Lianxiang in the lakeside fishing village, Qianqian Cave with clear water and fat fish, Shizhai Mountain, a Neolithic site, and Dianchi Lake Jincheng, the birthplace of history and culture, Panlong Temple with beautiful mountains and springs and surrounded by pines, Longtan Mountain, a Paleolithic site, the newly built Santaishan Park in Chenggong, the willow forest on the beach on the east bank of Dianchi Lake, and the ruins of the Tianzi Temple that are more than 2,400 years ago; The colorful Dounan Flower Street, the richly styled Paoma Mountain, the historical and cultural town of Guandu, the traditional ethnic trade center Xiaobanqiao, etc. Around Dianchi Lake alone, there are 41 key cultural relics protection units or scenic spots above the municipal level. In recent years, a large-scale Yunnan Ethnic Village and Yunnan Ethnic Museum have been built on the ridge of Dianchi Lake, displaying the culture, art, customs, costumes, etc. of 25 ethnic minorities in Yunnan Province, and receiving more than 8 million tourists every year.

Jiuxiang Scenic Area

Jiuxiang Scenic Area is a national key scenic spot. It is located in Jiuxiang District, 45 kilometers northeast of Yiliang County, Kunming City. It is located in the middle area of ??the tourist line from Kunming to Stone Forest, 10 kilometers away from Stone Forest in a straight line and 98 kilometers away from Kunming. It is a comprehensive scenic tourist area with cave landscape as the main body. It is also a cave community with the largest number of caves and the richest landscape in Kunming. There are hundreds of caves in total, with large scale, diverse styles and complete types. Among them, Sanjiao Cave, Dashaba Cave, Fairy Cave, Baixiang Cave, and Bat Cave are of particular tourist value. Most of the caves are in the shape of bridges, with various stone shapes, twists and turns and deep stalactites. They were once known as the "Cave Museum". In 1990, Paleolithic cultural sites were excavated in Zhangkoudong in the scenic area. More than 2,000 paleontological fossils, 41 human tooth fossils, and 2,000 stone tools were unearthed. The stratigraphic section is complete and clear.

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