1. The origin of music

1. The theory of imitation (Aristotle believes that imitation is human instinct, and music is an art form that imitates sounds. Another theory of imitation One theory is what scientists call "opposite sex courtship." This theory was proposed by the famous British biologist Darwin. Darwin believed that prehistoric animals often communicated with each other by singing. Those who pursue the opposite sex. The more beautiful their voices are, the more attractive they are to the opposite sex. Therefore, animals make graceful and graceful sounds one after another to win the favor of each other. This kind of song, especially the song of birds, has musical or rhythm elements. Therefore, Darwin thought of the origin of music and believed that sounds existed before the emergence of language. The songs of some primitive tribes imitated the sounds of various birds, their moving chirps, and their undulating melody. As a result, beautiful folk songs have been sung for centuries.

2. Game Theory (Schiller, Spencer): All aesthetic activities originate from human game instinct. This human game instinct and impulse is art. The motivation for creation. In this kind of music activity without utility, purpose, and freedom, people's excess energy is vented and they gain happiness.

3. Witchcraft theory: late 19th century and early 20th century It gradually emerged and originated from the totems, songs, dances and witchcraft etiquette of primitive culture.

4. Expression theory: originated from the subjective imagination and emotional expression of musicians.

5. Society Theory of practice (Marx): As a special social ideology, art is inseparable from the determination and restriction of the economic base. Art is the image reflection of human social life in the minds of artists. Musical art also conforms to this law. But it is simply different from the theory of imitation. The imitation of sounds is different. The social practice theory believes that music reflects social life, not a direct depiction of social life, but the result of musicians highly refining personal thoughts\emotions and expressing them with specific sounds.

2. The development of music

1. Music in primitive society - "music and dance" that integrates music, poetry and dance

2. Ancient music - produced songs, instrumental music, dances and the first dramas and poems. In China (pre-Qin period), elegant music appeared, which was formulated by the court. Opposite to elegant music was popular music, called "Zheng and Wei Zhiyin", musical instruments The progress in history is mainly reflected in chimes, of which Hubei Zenghou Yi’s chimes are the most famous, as well as xun. The Hemudu culture in our Ningbo area was once unearthed. Later in the Han and Wei dynasties, the Xianghege in the north and the Qing Shang Lede in the south It has developed greatly. During the Sui and Tang Dynasties, with the great cultural integration, Yan music appeared on the basis of absorbing the music of the Western Regions. From the Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, music centered on the court and turned to secular\common people, Yuan dramas\Kunqu, the development of music in China Entered the period of secular music.)

3. Modern music - highly differentiated, gave birth to operas, ballets, musicals, etc. Please give examples (classical music, romantic music, national music) School of Music)

4. Modern music - complex (Impressionism, Neoclassicism, Expressionism)