Luyi initially had three departments: drama, music, and fine arts, and later added a literature department. In addition to professional courses, each department takes political theory and literary theory as compulsory courses. The duration of study for each major was initially set at 6 months. From 1940 to 1941, the school strengthened professional learning, extended the duration of each department to 3 years (excluding internships), and paid attention to improving the quality of teaching. In order to be closely connected with reality, Luyi has established a literary and artistic troupe, an experimental theater troupe, a song and dance troupe, an art troupe and other scientific research organizations. Luyi gathered writers, artists and revolutionary young people from all over the country who were interested in literature and art. Famous literary artists who have taught at Luyi include Mao Dun, Xian Xinghai, Ai Qing, He Qifang, Chen Huangmei, Qi Yanming, Zhang Geng, Lu Ji, Zhou Libo, Wang Chaowen, Yan Wenjing, etc. The research laboratories and affiliated theater troupes of various departments also gathered a group of famous literary and artistic workers, such as Wang Dahua, Yuan Wenshu, Hua Junwu, Sun Li, Lu Li, Yan Chen, etc.
During the Anti-Japanese War, Lu Yi implemented the anti-Japanese national united front policies and literary and artistic guidelines proposed by the Party Central Committee, combined learning with creative practice, and became a leader in studying, researching, practicing Marxist literary and artistic thoughts and implementing It is an important base of the Communist Party of China’s literary and artistic policy and has trained a large number of the party’s anti-war literary and artistic cadres and literary and art workers. In the seven and a half years from April 1938 to November 1945, Lu Yi *** opened four departments of literature, five departments of drama, music, and art, and trained 685 students, including 197 in the literature department. There are 179 students in the Drama Department, 192 in the Music Department, and 147 in the Fine Arts Department. Mu Qing, He Jingzhi, Feng Mu, Li Huanzhi, Zheng Lucheng, Liu Chi, Mo Ye, Wang Kun, Cheng Yin, Luo Gongliu, Li Bo, Shi Lemeng, Yu Lan, Qin Zhaoyang, Huang Gang, Kang Zhuo and other writers and artists , reporters are all students of Luyi. Lu Yi also created a large number of highly influential works during the Anti-Japanese War, such as the opera "White-Haired Girl", the songs "Nanniwan" and "Yellow River Cantata", which activated the cultural life of the soldiers and civilians in the anti-Japanese base areas behind enemy lines and inspired China The enthusiasm of the military and civilians for the Anti-Japanese War made an important contribution to the victory of the Anti-Japanese War and had a profound historical impact on modern Chinese culture and art. Music Department
The director of the Music Department is the famous musician Lu Ji. In order to adapt to the needs of the war environment, the music department adopts short-term training methods. From 1938 to 1945, the school was run for five terms, each term ranging from three months to two years. Paying attention to integrating theory with practice is its biggest characteristic of running a school. Emphasizing the combination of classroom teaching and in-depth participation in the masses, the combination of learning national folk music and participating in production labor, creating performances and carrying out mass music activities, gradually accumulated professional music education methods and experience adapted to the war environment and revolutionary base conditions. Cultivate and transport a large number of musical talents to various anti-Japanese base areas. Many famous musical works, such as "Yellow River Cantata", Yangge opera "Brothers and Sisters Open up Wasteland", new opera "White-Haired Girl", etc. were created and performed by teachers and students of this department. In March 1939, the department established the "Folk Song Research Association" (later renamed "Chinese Folk Music Research Association") to collect and organize a large number of folk music materials, such as northern Shaanxi folk songs, Qinqiang music, etc.
Revolutionary literary and art workers such as Ma Feng and Xirong, the writers of the Yaodan School, and Xian Xinghai, the people's musician, all studied at Luyi.
The only piano in Yan'an at that time was presented to Zhou Enlai by a patriotic democrat in the rear area. In the spring of 1941, it was transferred to Lu Yi.
Drama Department
After the outbreak of the Anti-Japanese War, in the revolutionary holy land of Yan'an, in the winter of 1937, in order to carry out propaganda and education of the Anti-Japanese War, modern Peking Opera plays were produced. The first person to choreograph and perform Peking Opera was the Second Northwest Field Service Regiment. Continuing this work was the Lu Xun Art Institute (later renamed the Institute of Arts and Letters, the Institute of Literature and Art, or Lu Yi for short).
Yan'an Luyi did not major in Peking Opera, and there were no Peking Opera "experts" in the early days; however, among the faculty and students, mainly the drama department faculty and students, a few had sung or performed on stage before arriving in Yan'an. There are also "fans" of Peking Opera who have never been on stage but can still sing or play a few pieces of Peking Opera.
The fact is that the troupe only has a short history of two years, so according to the plan, it will only rehearse traditional plays and focus on learning Peking Opera techniques. In addition to "Famen Temple", "The Beaten Lover" and "The Meeting of Heroes" which were performed before the troupe was founded, there are more than 30 traditional plays rehearsed. Among them, the most popular plays include: "Killing the Family in Fishing", "Beating Drums and Scolding Cao", "Troubleshooting the Head and Thorns in Soup", "Sitting on the Tower to Kill the Cherish", "Thirteenth Sister", "Three Halls Trial", "Universal Front" and "Four Jinshi" ”, “Lianshengdian”, “Sitting in the Palace”, “Odd Double Club”, etc. In addition to the actors of the troupe, many amateur Peking opera lovers inside and outside the Luyi Academy have come to the troupe to "guest", and several of them have served as one of the leading actors. For example, Jin Yifu, a student of the Anti-Japanese Military and Political University, played Yue Fei in "Mother-in-law's Tattoo", Yu Lulin, a student of the Central Party School, played Xue Yan in "Jiantou Tongtang", and Zhang Zhonghan, the leader of a certain regiment of the Eighth Route Army, played Zhuge Liang in "The Empty City Plan" and "Four Jinshi" 》Song Shijie. Lu Yiping Troupe has also co-produced "Silang Visits His Mother" with some Peking opera enthusiasts from the "Women's University". Li Yan, a student from the "Women's University", played the role of Princess Tiejing, Gan Lu played the role of Empress Dowager Xiao, and Zhang Wei (later renamed Wulan) played the role of the uncle of the state. wait.
Although the first phase of the plan only focused on learning Peking Opera techniques, some research and reform work has actually begun. In 1941, he first adapted and performed "A Handful of Snow", with Ajia playing the role of Mo Cheng, Ren Jun as Xueyan, Wang Yida as Tang Qin, and Sun Zhen as Yan Shifan; later he adapted and performed "Song Jiang", with Ajia playing the role of Xueyan. , adapted by Li Lun and Shi Chang, directed by Tao Dekang, Chen Chong, and Shi Chang (some albums say Ajia and Zhang Mengeng were the directors, which is inconsistent with history), with Ajia as Song Jiang, Fang Hua as Yan Xijiao, Zhu Ge as Zhang Wenyuan, and Zhang Mengeng as Ma Erniang, Shi Chang plays Liu Tang, Wang Tiefu plays Dai Zong, Zhang Dongchuan plays Cai Jiu, and Wang Yida plays Huang Wenbing. In early 1942, the first half of "Yu Tangchun" was adapted and performed, adapted by Shi Chang and directed by Wang Yida, with Ren Jun as Su San, Jian Su as Wang Jinlong, Zhang Mengeng as the Madam, Meng Gang as Jin Ge, Zhou Pinxue as Shen Yanlin, and A Liang. Decorated with Pi's.
When Lu Yi was rehearsing modern plays, he was a collective director. When rehearsing new historical dramas, he began to have individual directors. When "Song Jiang" was being screened, an attempt was made to establish a director system, but it was not realized. The first half of the film, "Yu Tang Chun", adopted new methods and was directed in a formal manner, and a directing system was established from then on.
The Party Central Committee attaches great importance to Peking Opera work. Major leaders often watch Peking Opera performances. When "Famen Temple" premiered, all the central leaders who were in Yan'an watched it. Chairman Mao Zedong watched it four times in a row and appreciated it very much every time. Several times after the performance, he met with the entire cast and had dinner with them. On a Sunday in the spring of 1941, he invited Ajia, Luo Heru, Tao Dekang, Chen Chong, Ren Jun, Fang Hua, Shi Chang, Li Lun from the Lu Yiping Theater Company, Wang Yida from the Experimental Theater Company at the time, and Amateur Peking Opera enthusiast Yu Lulin went to his home as a guest (one article stated that only six people were invited to be guests, omitting Luo Heru, Tao Dekang, and Chen Chong, and overwriting Ren Guilin, who was not in Yan'an at the time, which is inconsistent with history). Chairman Mao talked cordially with everyone and had lunch for five or six hours, which greatly inspired everyone. Vice Chairman Zhou Enlai was sent by the Party Central Committee to work in the Kuomintang-controlled areas. Every time he returned to Yan'an, he would definitely watch Peking Opera. In March 1940, he returned to China after being treated for an arm injury in the Soviet Union. When he stayed in Yan'an, he happened to watch the Ping Opera Troupe's performance of "The Beaten Lover". In his handwritten letter to Ren Jun, he wrote: "I saw your specialty play the night before and I couldn't stop admiring it." (See page 179 of "Selected Letters of Zhou Enlai") This is a compliment to the leading actor of the play and to all the actors. encourage. Commander-in-Chief Zhu De often watched Peking Opera, and he would meet the actors and have late-night dinners after the performances alone or together with Chairman Mao. They attach so much importance to Peking Opera work and care so much about Peking Opera actors that they make people who were once uneasy about Peking Opera work feel at ease, and make those who were already at ease study and work more diligently.
In April 1942, in compliance with the decision of the Party Central Committee, the Lu Yiping Theater Company merged with the 120th Division Combat Theater Company of the Eighth Route Army to form the Yan'an Theater Research Institute. This is the end of the Peking Opera work led by Lu Yi.
Lu Yi made three major contributions to the Peking Opera work in Yan'an: 1. He created and performed some modern plays and new historical dramas, which enabled Peking Opera art to exert its unique effectiveness during the Anti-Japanese War; 2. Established The first professional Peking Opera group in Yan'an began to accept the artistic heritage of Peking Opera and initially carried out research and reform; third, it cultivated a group of Peking Opera artists and organizers represented by Ajia, who established themselves in the cause of Peking Opera reform and prosperity. An indelible historical achievement. Fine Arts
School system: four-year undergraduate degree.
This major cultivates teachers, teaching researchers and other educators who have mastered the basic theories, basic knowledge and basic skills of art and can conduct art teaching and teaching research in colleges and secondary schools. and professionals from cultural societies. Students in this major mainly learn the basic theories and basic knowledge of art, so that they can have the ability of art expression and art appreciation, understand the development direction of art education at home and abroad, and have preliminary scientific research and creative abilities; master scientific educational theories and Teaching methods, receive training in the basic qualities and abilities of teachers, be competent in art teaching in secondary schools, and form good art teacher qualities and basic abilities in art teaching and teaching research.
Musicology
School system: four-year undergraduate degree.
This major cultivates teachers, teaching researchers and other educators who have high professional ethics, good music theory, basic knowledge and basic skills, and are equipped to conduct music teaching and teaching research in colleges and secondary schools. . Students in this major mainly learn the professional theoretical knowledge, basic theory and music practical skills of musicology, receive basic training in music theory and practice, as well as basic training in educational theory and teaching practice, form good music teacher qualities, and obtain the qualifications to engage in music teaching. Basic abilities and certain music education research abilities.
Art Design
School system: four-year undergraduate degree.
This major cultivates the all-round development of moral, intellectual, physical, and ability, and has solid art design and creation, teaching and research capabilities, and can be engaged in art design, etc. in art design education, production and management units of specialized talents. Students in this major mainly learn the basic theories and basic knowledge of art design. During the study period, students will acquire the basic qualities of art design professionals through the cultivation of art design thinking ability, basic training of art design methods and design skills.
Dance Studies
School system: four-year undergraduate degree.
This major cultivates students with professional dance skills and masters the basic theory, basic knowledge and skills of the dance discipline. They can be engaged in dance teaching and teaching in various schools, mass art centers and stations at all levels, enterprise trade unions and social literary and art groups. Professional talents in dance choreography and performance. It mainly offers courses such as basic ballet training, classical dance, folk dance, dance choreography, modern dance, Chinese and Western dance history, introduction to dance, dance repertoire, and dance exercise physiology.