Excerpts of famous Chinese and foreign musicians and their main works are as follows:

Famous foreign musicians

Bach

(Johann Sebastian Bach, 1685 -1750), one of Germany's greatest composers, was born in a musical family in Eisenach. Since the age of eighteen, he has served as music director and organist in many churches and palaces. Bach's works have had an extremely profound impact on the development of modern European music, pointed out broad prospects for the progress and development of music for all mankind, and established a monument for world classical music. Therefore, Bach is called the "Father of Music."

Appreciate the works: Organ piece "Toccata and Fugue in D minor"

Violin piece "Aria on the G String"

Handel

(Handel, Georg Frideric, 1685-1759), German composer. Born in Halle, Germany. He settled in the UK at the age of 27 and played an important role in the development of British music. The British also regarded him as their own musician. Handel occupies an equally important position as Bach in the history of Western European music and has a great influence on later generations of music.

Appreciate the works: Chorus "Hallelujah"

Violin piece "La Largo"

Joseph Haydn

(Franz Joseph Haydn (1732-1809), a famous Austrian composer and one of the tomb-layers of the Vienna Classical School. He was born in poverty and studied music under very difficult conditions since childhood. Composition was mainly self-taught. As an adult, he served as band leader for a long time. By the early 1990s, he became one of the leading musicians at that time. He went to England twice in 1791 and 1794 and was very popular. He is mainly engaged in the creation of keynote music. It was he who established the structural form of "string quartet" and classical "symphony", fixed the symphony into four movements, orchestrated it with a complete symphony orchestra, and laid the foundation for modern symphony. laid the foundation for its development. He composed more than one hundred symphonies in his lifetime, among which the more famous symphonies include "Farewell", "Clock", "Hunting", "Surprise", "Army", "London", "Newton", etc. Therefore he is called "the father of symphony".

Appreciate the work: Chamber music "String Quartet in F major" second movement

Symphony "Symphony of Surprise"

Mozart

(Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, 1756-1791), Austrian composer, is a representative figure of the Vienna classical music school. Born on January 27, 1756 in the family of a court musician in Salzburg, he died in Vienna on December 5, 1791. Mozart showed his musical talent at the age of three. He learned piano from his father at the age of four, composed music at the age of five, and learned violin from his father at the age of six. He composed a number of sonatas and symphonies at the age of eight, and wrote his first opera at the age of eleven. Known works include: twenty operas, more than forty symphonies, more than fifty concertos, twenty-seven string quartets, and a total of 622 works. The fresh and lively rhythms, pleasant melodies, and elegant and solemn temperament in Mozart's musical works make his music like the sound of nature. People say that the beauty of Mozart's music is unparalleled in ancient and modern times. "Music Prodigy"

Appreciation works: Orchestral music "Symphony No. 40"

Chamber music "String Serenade in G major"

Orchestral music "Fegas Ludwig van Beethoven (1770-1827), was born in Bonn, Germany. He learned to play the piano when he was young. In 1787, he went to Vienna to learn composition from Haydn and met Mozart. Beethoven lived during the era of the French Revolution, the Napoleonic Wars and the Vienna System, when democracy and national consciousness were on the rise in Europe. His works reflect the characteristics of these times, either praising heroes or opposing feudalism, striving for democracy, freedom and a better future. His main works include "Pathétique" Sonata, "Moonlight" Sonata, "Symphony of Destiny" (i.e. Fifth Symphony), "Choral Symphony" (i.e. Ninth Symphony), etc. Beethoven's later years were very miserable, and he died of poverty and illness. However, the people could not forget him. When Beethoven's funeral was held on March 29, 1827, more than 2,000 people attended the funeral.

Beethoven's most important contribution to music is the symphony, so he is known as the "King of Symphony".

Appreciate the works: Orchestral piece "Fifth Symphony" - Destiny

Orchestral piece "Sixth Symphony" - Pastoral

Piano piece "Moonlight" Sonata"

Piano music "Sonata Passionate"

Piano music "Minuet in G major"

Schubert

( Franz Seraph Peter Schubert (1797-1828), Austrian composer, was born in Vienna on January 31, 1797. I was exposed to music in my childhood. Schubert lived at the transition between classicism and romanticism. His symphonic style inherited the tradition of classicism, but his art songs and piano works were completely romantic. His wonderful lyricism led Liszt to call him "the most poetic musician ever". Schubert infused traditional chamber music with his own spiritual character. They are also the last works of Viennese Classicism. In "Impromptu" and "Musical Moment", Schubert made the piano sing a new lyrical style. Their whimsy, spontaneity and unexpected charm became elements of Romanticism.

Representative Works

Schubert is most widely known for his more than 600 songs that were inspired by his feelings. We are also familiar with the famous "Schubert Serenade", a beautiful melody that is intoxicating.

Hector Louis Berlioz

(Hector Louis Berlioz, 1803-1869), a French composer, conductor, and music critic, born in the 19th century The greatest exponent of French music in the first half of its history. Following his father's instructions, after completing a medical course at the age of 21 and earning a bachelor's degree in science, he decided to change his career to music. Since then, he had a tense relationship with his family and had to rely on debts and private lessons to maintain a poor life. The famous music critic Yang Minwang once wrote: "The essence of the French Romanticism movement can be said to be concentrated in three people: the writer Hugo, the painter Delacroix and the composer Berlioz. Their works are a combination of There are various contradictory factors, including the heroic spirit and revolutionary passion, as well as the artist’s heartfelt outpouring of loneliness and all kinds of fantasy.”

Appreciate the work: the orchestral piece “Symphony Fantasy”

Felix Mendelssohn

(F. Mendelssohn, 1809-1847), German composer. Born into a banker family. Since 1822, he has gone to Switzerland, Paris, France, London, England, Rome, Italy and other places to create and perform. Mendelssohn's main works include: "Scottish Symphony", "Italian Symphony" and other five symphonies; orchestral overtures "A Midsummer Night's Dream", "Fingal's Cave", "Violin Concerto in E minor"; piano music There are forty-eight "Songs Without Words" as well as instrumental and vocal works of various themes and genres.

Mendelssohn’s works have a beautiful and vivid style, complete and rigorous structure, and exquisite orchestration. He conducted and performed Bach's "Matthew Passion" in 1829, which enabled Bach's masterpiece to occupy an important position in the music world. He also assisted Schumann in founding Germany's first music academy.

Appreciate the work: Orchestral piece "A Midsummer Night's Dream"

Chopin

(Fredric Chopin, 1810-1849), Polish composer. Chopin showed musical genius as a child. When he was nineteen years old, he wrote the "Piano Concerto in F minor". In 1831, Chopin came to Paris and interacted with many outstanding artists, such as musicians Liszt and Berlioz, and writers Hugo, Balzac, and Haier. Nietzsche, painter Delacroix. In his association with the world-famous novelist George Sand, Chopin entered the most vigorous period of creation. Chopin was one of the most original artists of the Romantic era, and his style was unique. Among the first-class artists, Chopin was the only master who concentrated his creative life on the piano. He cleverly overcame the piano's major limitation of being unable to play sustained notes of any length. He played an important role in the formation of modern piano style. For the first time, he highlighted Slavic national elements in music, bringing Slavic national elements into the mainstream of European music. The melodies of his works are vigorous and brave; the mazurkas are as glorious as knights; the waltzes are full of sweet tenderness. Chopin also wrote fantasies, scherzos, ballades, impromptu, preludes, and sonatas.

The emotions he expresses are mysterious and ecstatic.

Representative works: "Piano Concerto in F minor", C minor etude "Revolution", etc.

Franz Liszt

(Franz Liszt, 1811-1886), a talented Hungarian composer, pianist, conductor and music activist. He was born in Reding, Hungary, and started learning piano at the age of six. He was a disciple of Salieri, Czerny, Reha and Baer. When he was sixteen, he settled in Paris. Influenced by the ideas of romantic writers and artists such as Hugo, Lamartine, and Chateaubriand, he yearned for bourgeois revolution. In music, he advocated title music, pioneered the symphonic poetry genre, and wrote thirteen symphonic poems such as "Tasso", "Prelude", and "Hungary". Liszt was also influenced by Paganini and composed nineteen "Hungarian Rhapsody" and ten piano etudes. One of the main representatives of romantic music, he is known as the "King of Piano (Technique)".

Appreciate the works: Piano piece "Hungarian Rhapsody" No. 2 and No. 6.

Chinese Musician

Xian Xinghai

(1905-1045) During Xian Xinghai’s short life, he lived a creative life for about 10 years and composed the most songs Hundreds of pieces (more than 250 exist), including 4 cantatas, 1 opera, 2 symphonies, 4 orchestral suites, 1 rhapsody, and many solo and ensemble pieces for violin, piano and other instrumental music. Among Xian Xinghai's creations, the most numerous and most influential are a variety of mass songs. "Yellow River Cantata" is Xian Xinghai's most important and influential masterpiece.

Nie Er

Nie Er (original name Nie Shouxin, February 14, 1912 - July 17, 1935), Chinese musician, also known as Ziyi (also known as Ziyi) ), the composer of the national anthem "March of the Volunteers" of the People's Republic of China. "Writing is to convey the Tao, poetry is to express aspirations, and music is the voice of the heart." Nie Er himself and even his impassioned and immortal works were created in that specific era of national crisis. Those sonorous and powerful notes were also the voices of the people under the circumstances at that time.

Wang Luobin

(1913-1996) Comrade Wang Luobin was a music artist with a strong patriotic spirit. When the Chinese nation was in danger, he resolutely went to the anti-Japanese front line, participated in anti-Japanese propaganda organizations several times, and actively carried out propaganda work to resist Japan and save the nation. With full patriotic enthusiasm, he successively composed a large number of anti-Japanese songs such as "Old Fellow, Go to the Battlefield", "Laundry Song", "Song of Feng Lingdu", "Slave Love", etc., which were sung all over the North China front and inspired many aspiring people. Young people joined the anti-Japanese and national salvation movement. He composed "Kangding Love Song", "Half Moon Climbs Up", "Mayila", "In That Far Place", "Alam Khan", "Yakxi", "The Girl from Daban City", "Salam Chairman Mao" and other songs are well-known and known to everyone in China, and many of these songs have been included in university vocal music textbooks.

He Luting

(1903-1999) was originally named He Anqing, also known as He Baozhen, He Ji, etc. After liberation, Mr. He Luting focused his main energy on music teaching. He has been serving as the dean of the Shanghai Conservatory of Music (News), and founded the high school and primary school affiliated to the Shanghai Conservatory of Music, cultivating a large number of outstanding musical talents for the country. He has created 3 cantatas, 24 choruses, more than 200 songs, 6 piano pieces, 7 orchestral pieces, 25 film music and more than 140 papers and translations. He has also published "He Luting's Music Papers" Selections" etc. His songs "Guerrilla Song", "Ken Chun Ni" and "On the Jialing River" were spread at home and abroad during the Anti-Japanese War and are still sung in concerts and singing activities. His most famous instrumental works are the piano solo "Shepherd Boy Piccolo" and "Lullaby", and the orchestral music "Sengidema" and "Evening Party". His creations have rigorous and thoughtful conception, complete and compact structure, concise and concise techniques, sincere and natural emotions, distinct characteristics of the times and a strong flavor of life. Especially his songwriting, his catchy melodies and distinct sense of the times make him an outstanding people's musician that people will never forget.

Liu Tianhua

Liu Tianhua chose the erhu as a breakthrough in reforming traditional Chinese music. He borrowed techniques such as the violin's large-section vibrating bow and Western instrumental music creation techniques, and integrated the pipa's ring-finger pressing, Guqin overtone performance and other techniques, and established and applied multi-position playing methods.

All these add depth to the artistic expression of the erhu from the music to the performance, thus turning this folk instrument that was not valued in ancient times into a modern professional solo instrument and becoming the protagonist and representative of Chinese folk music. Therefore, Liu Tianhua was He is regarded as the founder of the modern school of erhu performance.

Hua Yanjun

(1893-1950) folk musician. His nickname is A Bing, a native of Dongting, Wuxi, Jiangsu, and the son of Hua Qinghe, a local Taoist priest from Lei Zun Temple. Huaqing and Xuehai are good at playing various folk instruments, especially the pipa. Hua Yanjun learned music from his father since he was a child. He lost his mother at the age of four, suffered from eye disease at the age of twenty-one, and became blind at the age of thirty-five. In Wuxi City, he made a living by selling songs and playing various musical instruments on the streets, and suffered a lot of suffering in the world. Abing's instrumental performance was deeply welcomed by the masses, and his superb skills were valued by the local Taoist music circle as early as the age of eighteen. He has studied various folk music extensively, and is able to transcend the narrow teaching and imitation, and compose and perform various instrumental music based on his own feelings about real life. However, most of his works in his life have not been handed down to the world due to various reasons. Only the erhu pieces "Moon Reflected on Two Springs", "Listening to the Pines", and "Cold Spring Wind"; the pipa pieces "Big Waves Washing the Sand", "Zhaojun Leaving the Fortress", "Dragon Boat", etc. have been preserved and have become treasures in the palace of Chinese national music. . In 1950, six pieces of music he performed were recorded and compiled by the Institute of Ethnic Music of the Central Conservatory of Music into the "Collection of Abing Music" (published by the Music Press in 1956).

Marco

(1918-1976) was born in Xuzhou, Jiangsu. He studied in the Chemistry Department of Henan University, and later, under the inspiration and guidance of Xian Xinghai, he joined the third touring drama team of the Henan Anti-Enemy Support Association. He arrived in Yan'an in 1939 and worked and studied in the music troupe of Lu Xun Art Institute. He received guidance from Xian Xinghai, Lu Ji and others, and recorded and sorted out a large number of ethnic materials. Later, he engaged in music activities in the Northeast Liberated Area. After liberation, he served as the vice president of the China Conservatory of Music. He wrote more than 200 musical works in his life, including the songs "Nanniwan", "We Are Democratic Youth", "We Workers Have Power", "Luliang Mountain Cantata", the Yangzhou opera "Couple Literacy" and the opera " "Zhou Zishan" (collaborated with Zhang Lu and Liu Chi), "White-Haired Girl" (collaborated with Qu Wei, Zhang Lu, Xiang Yu, etc.), "Xiao Erhei's Marriage", orchestral music "Northern Shaanxi Suite", etc. are the most widely circulated. In terms of music theory research, in addition to conducting special research on Xian Xinghai and authoring "The Biography of Xian Xinghai", he also dealt with various issues such as the development of new operas, reform of opera music, revolutionary music traditions and mass music life, and wrote There are books such as "Talks on Chinese Folk Music", "Discussions on Songs of the Times" and more than 200 papers. He made important contributions in song creation, opera creation, and music theory, leaving a rich legacy for people. In 1978, some of his songs were compiled into "Selected Songs of Marco" and published.