Living fossil of grassland music Mongolian long-tune folk songs

Long-tune is music flowing in the blood of Mongols and a symbol of national identification. You can't understand Mongolian, but you can't help being moved by the Mongolian long tune, because it is a direct talk from heart to heart.

Mongolian long-tune folk song, "long tune" is pronounced as "Urtingduo" in Mongolian, which means Long song. It tells the Mongolian people's feelings about history and culture, humanistic customs, morality, philosophy and art with distinctive nomadic cultural characteristics and unique singing forms, and is called "the living fossil of grassland music".

Mongolian long-tune folk songs are a form of Mongolian folk songs, which have existed since the formation of the Mongols. The history of long tune can be traced back to 2 years ago, and records of long tune have appeared in literary works since the 13th century.

the development of Mongolian long-tune folk songs has gone through three historical periods: the musical culture period of mountain hunting, the musical culture period of nomadic grassland and the musical culture period of farming and herding.

Long tune can be defined as a kind of folk song created by nomadic people in the northern grassland in the production and labor of animal husbandry, which is sung in the wild grazing and traditional festivals. Generally, it is composed of two lyrics, one is the upper one and the other is the lower one, and the singer plays it according to his life accumulation and his understanding of nature. Most of the materials are about grasslands, horses, camels, cattle and sheep, blue sky, white clouds, rivers and lakes.

The performers of Mongolian long-tune folk songs wear Mongolian robes, accompanied by Ma Touqin music, eulogize maternal love, praise life and tell love, and mainly sing with true voice, which is the closest sound to nature.

Mongolian long-tune folk songs, as expressions related to grand celebrations and festival ceremonies, enjoy a unique and respected position in Mongolian society. Long tune is a lyric song, which consists of 32 kinds of melodies with a lot of decorative sounds. It has a high tone, a wide range, beautiful and smooth tunes, a large fluctuation in melody and a free and long rhythm. Representative tracks include "Walking Horse", "Little Huang Ma", "Vast Grassland" and "Vast and Rich Alashan".

Mongolian long-tune folk songs, as a folk oral inheritance culture with historical remains, have become the main inheritance forms of Mongolian long-tune for thousands of years, including family inheritance, consanguinity inheritance and mentoring inheritance. However, after entering the modern era, the lifestyle of grazing has been gradually changed, and the grassland cultural environment that has nurtured countless generations of long-tune singers is disappearing little by little, which has brought crisis to the survival and development of Mongolian long-tune, and some once prosperous tribal long-tunes have been basically lost.

in p>25, "Mongolian long-tune folk songs" jointly declared by China and Mongolia were listed as the third batch of "representative works of oral and intangible heritage of mankind" by UNESCO. On May 2th, 26, the "Mongolian Long-tune Folk Songs" declared by Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region was approved by the State Council to be included in the first batch of national intangible cultural heritage list. In May 221, Mongolian long-tune folk songs (Wuzhumuqin long-tune) were selected as "the fifth batch of national intangible cultural heritage representative projects".