1. Ethnic music is an important part of early childhood music education

Music education is an indispensable and important content in early childhood education and an important embodiment of comprehensive quality education for young children. In music education, ethnic music education is an important component. During the Shang Dynasty, my country's music education began to take shape. During the Western Zhou Dynasty, a relatively strict school network emerged. The rulers regarded music education as the "state religion" and elevated it to a very high status. During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, some famous thinkers and educators highly praised music education. Confucius believed that music education can cultivate people into a perfect person and is the last important link in the comprehensive formation of human thoughts. However, since the 20th century, with the large-scale introduction of Western music, coupled with the "Eurocentrism" in the ideological field and the lack of in-depth understanding of national music culture by the Chinese people, Chinese national music has gradually been left out. It is difficult to find teaching materials on folk music, and even harder to find teaching materials suitable for young children. Although there are many high-quality folk music, there are very few works for young children. According to statistics, except for traditional music audio-visual materials produced by Hong Kong Hugo Company and Taiwan Fengchao Company, there is currently no textbook in China that is relatively focused on introducing ethnic music or folk music to young children. Therefore, today in the 21st century, as the cultural exchanges between China and the West develop closer and broader, while we learn and learn from foreign music, we inherit the precious musical heritage of our nation, cultivate children's national aesthetics, and strengthen their national identity. Consciousness and national spirit, learning and understanding our country's traditional culture are of great significance, and national music education should become an important part of early childhood music education.

2. Ethnic music is of great significance to early childhood education

The "Guidance Outline for Kindergarten Education (Trial)" points out: "Early childhood education is an integral part of basic education and is an integral part of school education and The initial stage of lifelong education. Early childhood education should lay a good foundation for children's short-term and lifelong development. Art is the main way to implement aesthetic education, and the emotional education function of art should be fully utilized to promote the formation of healthy personality in children. "National music. As a form of art, nature assumes the important responsibility of cultivating children's emotions, improving their personality, and laying the foundation for lifelong development. National music is often directly or indirectly related to the nation's religious beliefs, cultural thoughts, folk customs, aesthetic views and values. Through ethnic music education for young children, we can strengthen their national consciousness, inspire the national spirit, and inherit the national culture. At the same time, through the study of national music, children can realize the diversity and difference of national culture, perceive the richness and diversity of human culture, and subtly cultivate their concepts of understanding, respect and equality.

3. Basic methods for implementing ethnic music education for young children

In order to allow children to learn ethnic music effectively, the absorption of ethnic music elements should improve children’s sensitivity, expression, and ability to music. Imagination, etc., and through practice, the following teaching methods have been explored.

1. Environmental Creation Law. Create an environment and use sounds from natural life to inspire children to learn ethnic music.

Sounds in nature or life can trigger associations in young children. National music is the art of sound. It uses sounds to express people's thoughts and feelings. Different sounds express different meanings. From the sound of wind, rain to thunder, etc., all express the vitality and emotion of nature. The symphony of "pots, bowls, ladles and basins" in the kitchen can also allow young children to experience the joy of life. Let them look for sounds and musical materials from nature and life, and continue to accumulate and enrich them. Singing is the most direct and convenient way to express emotions. Children like to sing when they are happy. They can express their feelings with their own voices. Playing musical instruments also allows children to express their thoughts and feelings by using percussion instruments. , daily necessities or homemade musical instruments to express melody and rhythm.

During the practical teaching process, in order to allow children to better appreciate and feel the characteristics of Wa music, I try to start from stimulating children's interest in learning, integrate music into rhythm percussion activities, and help children directly perceive In order to improve the ability in this area, we designed a percussion activity - a golden wooden drum to beat the rhythm of music. Develop children to be able to listen to music while percussing the rhythm, and perform Wa dance movements along with the rhythm, from a simple rhythm to one or two rhythms or dance movements per section, and cultivate the cooperation of various parts of the child's body.

Rhythmic music mobilizes movements, and human movements are also movements. All human activities are inseparable from rhythm. Human activities without rhythm do not exist. Therefore, when arranging rhythm, we must fully consider the diversity and unity of rhythm. In the teaching process, as long as the children understand the rhythm, the rhythm of the entire piece of music does not need to be practiced over and over again. After playing the rhythm, the children added simple dance movements to the rhythm, trained on the division of labor between percussion instruments and dance, and finally coordinated with the music. After several exercises, the effect was better than just playing the rhythm.

The concept of rhythm in music is vague and abstract, and difficult for young children to understand. In order to allow children to better appreciate and feel the characteristics of Wa music, I try to stimulate children's interest in learning, integrate music into rhythm percussion activities, and help children directly perceive the rhythm of music to improve their abilities. , develop children to be able to listen to music while percussing the rhythm, and perform Wa dance movements along with the rhythm, from a simple rhythm to one or two rhythms or dance movements per section, and cultivate the cooperation of various parts of the child's body. When I arrange the rhythm, I fully consider the diversity and unity of the rhythm. In the course of the course, I also found that as long as the children understand the rhythm, the rhythm of the entire piece of music does not need to be practiced over and over again. Although the teacher's purpose is to let the children better master it, the more repetitions, the more they lose it. Better results. The children played the rhythm, added simple dance movements to the rhythm, trained on the division of labor between percussion instruments and dance, and finally matched the music. Although the music was a bit slow, the effect was very good after several practices. Simply hitting the rhythm is much more effective.

2. Situational association method. Make use of associations and use vivid imagination plot activities to train children to learn ethnic music.

Melodramatic poems, short plays or imaginary plot activities can stimulate children's enthusiasm for learning folk music. No matter any cartoon is inseparable from music or sound, the music and sound effects of "Tom and Jerry" are very good. It is not only humorous and lively, but also accurately expresses the storyline, helping children understand and appreciate the work. When learning national music, we do the opposite. By guiding children to imagine and imitate certain plot activities, we create some specific and meaningful backgrounds for the music, so that they can experience the fun of national music.

For example, music appreciation: In the teaching activities of "Deep in the Bamboo Forest", I cleverly combined the interests of the children in this class based on the characteristics of the musical works. For example, the children love to imitate the movements of small animals, love to dance, etc. , through small animals playing games on the grass, learning peacock dance and other activities, children can naturally understand the music image in the context of music, feel the emotions of the music, and the vitality that national music brings to children. The ups and downs of the music "Deep in the Bamboo Forest" have a strong appeal of national music. When listening to this national music, combined with the corresponding activity plot, the children were intoxicated by its beautiful melody. During the whole activity, we created a story about children imitating small animals and learning how to dance with peacocks. As a carrier of the activity, we created a feeling of dancing with small animals for children. Such music activities can make children feel happy. This form of music learning allows children to experience music and enrich their emotions. These story scenes are familiar to young children in their daily life and study, so the children are very interested and can express and experience the different emotional changes of music very well. Therefore, young children naturally understand and feel music. At the end of the activity, the children used different lines to draw the map, which deepened the children's impression of music, once again felt the rhythm of national music, and inspired their love for music.

3. Appreciation and feeling method. Music appreciation, using cheerful ethnic music to inspire children to feel and express beauty.

Music appreciation is an important part of children's music education. It can effectively improve children's sensitivity and understanding of music, enrich their musical imagination, broaden their musical horizons, and improve their music listening ability and musical ability. Quality, music appreciation is also an important way to provide aesthetic education to young children. By appreciating works, children can experience and understand life, express their feelings, be happy physically and mentally, feel beauty, and express beauty.

"Happy Lahu" is a local original music of the Lahu people. Its music structure is simple and the melody is cheerful. It is relatively easy for young children to master. In order to make music appreciation more interesting, charts and diagrams are used Music modeling helps children understand music images, distinguish music structure, and help children experience and express music.

Music appreciation activities are a climax of activities that enable children to understand the Lahu ethnic group. As a music appreciation activity, they can not only help children experience and imagine the emotions and content of music, but also have a certain understanding and understanding of the ethnic group. Knowing that this is A nation that loves life, is happy and brave. This song has a simple structure and clear image. The music melody is cheerful and the two sections of the song have obvious differences in intensity and speed. Although the lyrics are in the national language, they still have Chinese elements. They are easy to understand, beautiful, interesting and meaningful. It is very suitable for large groups of young children to listen to. In addition, during music modeling activities, children, under the guidance of teachers, make full use of body movements to express music, fully actively engage in and indulge in music, feel music, appreciate music, experience music, and express music, bringing the activity to a climax .

4. Positive teaching method. Praise and use teachers' affirmation to promote children's interest in learning folk music.

The teacher’s affirmation is the “tinder” that inspires children to learn national music. Regardless of whether the effect of children learning folk music is good or unsatisfactory, they should be affirmed and given timely guidance. This will accumulate children's enthusiasm and interest in learning. During teaching, attention should be paid to inspiring children to think on their own and integrating their interests. The ethnic music works learned should be suitable for children's understanding ability level, close to children's lives, and consistent with their thoughts and feelings. Special attention should be paid to not rushing for success and requiring children to understand the musical works perfectly immediately. What the children learn during the exploration process is childish and childish. It is the child's own thing. The teacher patiently teaches and Guidance is extremely important. (