before the Han dynasty, the western regions were very strange and mysterious places for almost all people in the central plains. In the early years of the Western Han Dynasty, people gradually learned something about the Western Regions from the descriptions of merchants who came and went from east to west, but it was still very limited. In 138 BC, there was finally a warrior from the Central Plains who took the lead in challenging this unknown place. He was Zhang Qian (195-114 BC). Zhang Qian's mission to the Western Regions was not his personal wish, but the political requirement of the Western Han Dynasty at that time.

The significance of Zhang Qian's communication with the Western Regions not only enriches the geographical knowledge of China people and broadens the geographical horizons of China people, but also directly promotes the material and cultural exchanges between China and the West. China's exquisite handicrafts, especially silk, lacquerware, jade articles and bronzes, are introduced to the West, while the native products of the Western Regions, such as alfalfa, grapes, walnuts (walnuts), pomegranate, flax (sesame seeds) and beans (broad beans). Western music, dance, painting, sculpture and acrobatics were also introduced to China, which had a positive impact on ancient culture and art in China.

Zhang Qian braved hardships and dangers, sent two missions to the western regions, communicated the main transportation routes in the inland areas of Asia, officially started friendly exchanges with western European countries, promoted extensive economic and cultural exchanges between the East and the West, and opened up land transportation from Gansu and Xinjiang in China to Afghanistan and Iran, which is the famous "Silk Road". It can be called China's first person to go to the world.

Ban Chao went to the Western Regions, and the communication between the Eastern Han Dynasty and Daqin. After the Huns split into two parts in the early Eastern Han Dynasty, the Northern Huns regained control of the Western Regions. Emperor Han Ming of the East sent Ban Chao to the Western Regions for the purpose of cracking down on the Huns, restoring exchanges between the Central Plains and the Western Regions, and rebuilding the protection of the Western Regions. Ban Chao lived in the western regions for 3 years to help all ethnic groups in the western regions get rid of the slavery of Xiongnu, and the Eastern Han government appointed Ban Chao as the protector of the western regions.