Stendhal (1783-1842): French writer, the founder of French critical realism literature, occupies a very important position in the history of French literature. His real name was Marie-Henry Bell, and he was born into a bourgeois family in Grenoble. Important works include: the essay "Racine and Shakespeare" (1823-1825), the novel "The Red and the Black" (1830), "The Abbey of Parma" (1838), "Lucien Loufan" (1901), short stories Collection of "Iron Stories in Italy" (1855) and so on.
Honoré de Balzac (Honoré de Balzac 1799-1850): French writer, a great representative of French critical realism and a great master of realism with world influence. Born in Tour, a city with developed industry and commerce. In 1820, he wrote the poetic tragedy "Cromwell". In 1829, he published his first novel "The Shoonker", which gained great reputation. Since then, one work after another has been created and published at an astonishing speed. He published "Donkey Skin" in 1831, "Eugénie Grandet" in 1833, and "Old Man Goriot" in 1834. In 1842, he wrote the novels and plans he had created since "The Men of Shounk". The novel is collectively titled "Human Comedy". His famous works also include "The Loan Usher" (1830), "Colonel Chabe" (1832), "Disillusionment" (1837-1843), etc.
Victor Hugo (1802-1885): poet, dramatist and novelist, a master of French and world literature, the leader of the romantic drama movement, and developed the romantic novel to its peak. He also enjoys a high reputation in the world of poetry. Born into a family of joinery craftsmen. Important novels include "Notre Dame de Paris" (1831), "Les Misérables" (1862), "Sea Laborers" (1866), "The Laughing Man" (1869), "Ninety-Three Years" (1874), etc.; poetry collections include "Eastern Collection" (1829), "Autumn Leaves Collection" (1831), "Voice Collection" (1837), "Punishment Collection" (1853), etc.; scripts include "Cromwell" (1827), etc.
Alexandres Dumas Pére (1803-1870): novelist, playwright, and the most popular popular novel writer among readers. Born in Villers-Cotry, near Paris. His works include "Henry III and His Court", "Christina", "Antony", "The Three Musketeers" (1844), "The Count of Monte Cristo" (1844-1845), "Queen Margot" (1845) ), "Vicomte de Blageronne" (1848-1850), "The Queen's Necklace" (1849), etc.
Alexandre Dumas fils (1824-1895): novelist, playwright, and the illegitimate son of the famous writer Alexandre Dumas. Her famous work is the novel "La Traviata" written in 1848. There are also "Semi-Upper Society" (1855), "The Illegitimate Son" (1858), "The Loose Father" (1859), etc.
Gustave Flaubert (1821-1880): Novelist, one of the giants of French critical realism literature. Born in the family of a famous surgeon in Rouen, he was interested in literature since childhood. The first part said that "Madame Bovary" was published in 1857. Other important works include "Salembo" (1862), "The Temptation of Saint Anton" (1874), "Three Stories" (1877), etc.
Alphonse Daudet (1840-1897): French novelist. Born in Nimes, Provence. In 1866, he published a collection of prose stories "The Mill Letters" and became famous; two years later, his first novel "Little Things" was published. With the artistic style of "tearful smile", he was praised as the "French Dickens"; in 1837 Published short story collections "Sunday Stories", "The Last Lesson" and "The Siege of Berlin", as well as novels "Dadalan of Tarascon" (1872-1890), "Numa Lu "Mesdown" (1881), "The Immortal" (1888), etc.
Guy de Maupassant (1850-1893): novelist. Born into a declining aristocratic family.
In the 10 years from 1890 to 1890, he wrote more than 350 short stories and short stories. The famous ones include "Ball of Suif", "Miss Feifei" (1881), "Papa Milon" (1883), "The Prisoner", which are based on the Franco-Prussian War. "(1884), "Dai Jia Lou" (1881), "Necklace" (1884), etc.
Romain Rolland (1866-1944): writer and musician. Born into a middle-class family in the small town of Cramsey, Niève Province. In 1903, he published "The Biography of Beethoven", which later became more famous such as "The Biography of Michelangelo" (1906) and "The Biography of Tolstoy" (1911). From 1904 to 1912, Roland wrote the 10-volume novel "John". "Christopher" became his masterpiece. His important works also include the play "July 14" (1902) and the novel "Mother and Son" (1922-1933).
Jean-Jacques Rousseau (1712-1778): thinker and writer. Born in a family of watchmakers in Geneva. In 1749, he wrote "On Science and Art", which became famous throughout the country; in 1755, he wrote "On the Origin and Basis of Human Inequality". Another important work is "On Civil Covenants" (1762); in 1762, he wrote the educational philosophy novel "Emile". Rousseau's literary masterpiece is the epistolary novel "Nouveau Héloquiène" (1761).
René Descartes (1596-1650): philosopher, mathematician, and physicist. He made important contributions to the development of modern mathematics and is considered the father of analytic geometry because of his formulation of the geometric coordinate system. He was also the founder of modern Western philosophical thought. His philosophical thoughts deeply influenced subsequent generations of Europeans and founded the philosophy of "Continental Rationalism." Born in Lehr, Toulon Province, France, into a lower-status aristocratic family. Descartes retired from the army in 1621 and moved to the Netherlands in 1628, where he lived for more than 20 years. During this period, Descartes concentrated on philosophical research and gradually formed his own ideas. In the Netherlands, he published many important collections of works, including "Methodology", "Geometry", "Metaphysical Meditations", "Principles of Philosophy", etc.
Fran?ois-Marie Arouet Voltaire (1694-1778): Full name Fran?oise Marie Arouet, was a major figure in the French Enlightenment. He was a man of many talents: playwright, essayist, novelist, historian and philosopher. He was an advocate of free thought and liberalism. Born in Paris in 1694 to a middle-class family, his father was a lawyer. As a teenager, he studied at the Grand Louis College founded by the Jesuits, and later studied law, but gave up soon after. As a young man in Paris, he quickly became famous for his quick wit and wit, and for his laughter and rants, which he turned into poetry. Because he wrote some political poems, he was thrown into the Bastille and spent nearly a year behind bars. During this period, he wrote rapidly and wrote an epic poem "Henriette"; shortly after Voltaire was released in 1718, his play "Oedipus" was staged in Paris and achieved great success. His first major philosophical work, Philosophical Correspondence, is often called Letters on the English. Published in 1734, it marked the true beginning of the French Enlightenment.