Qupai can be divided into instrumental music qupai and literary qupai. The former is based on the palace tune system and rhythm and Lu classification to reflect the music styles of various schools in various places. The latter is based on sentence patterns, rhythm and rhyme. Wenquzi. The qupai are not clearly divided into instrumental music qupai and literary qupai in the long text of the song, because the script author is not only proficient in the instrumental music rhythm of Twenty Rhymes and Nine Palaces and Thirteen Tune, but also is familiar with the connotation of twenty-nine rhymes and nineteenth-rhyme poetry and music rhythms. He is not only a dramatist, but also a poet and folk artist. It has been fully indicated in the script and there is no need to divide the labor. For example: the drummer handles the drumming, the musical tunes are handled by the musicians, the lyrics and words of the music are handled by the poets, etc.
Instrumental music can be divided into southern and northern tunes. Northern opera is relatively simple, while southern opera varies with local opera types, language, music, and traditional styles. For example, the major title "three hundred six" and the minor title "seven hundred two" spread in the Puxian dialect area not only have a wide range of applications , and as long as you say the tune, he can hum it without thinking. In addition to operas, the songs in the Puxian dialect area include "Master's Song", "Jingshi's Song", "Gutou Song", "Monk's Song", and "Golden Wen Song" for rural weddings. They are very similar, with the "title" being basically the same. Unfortunately, the lyrics and music have been lost. Opera scripts only use five or seven characters to arrange sentences, and occasionally some long and short sentences are not composed according to the rhythm of the music. (One of the "Golden Wen Songs", "Chu Deng Jin Wen", occasionally retains a relatively complete rhythm of "Zhu Yun Fei".) 1. Xipi Xiaomen: Peking Opera Huqin tunes, mostly used to coordinate the ceremonial guard and guidance of emperors and concubines when they ascend to the palace, as well as their own chanting, sitting down, and ministers paying homage, such as the ascension of Qin II in "Cosmic Frontier", etc. Sometimes it can also be combined with general actions, not limited to the identity of the characters, such as the old army sweeping the streets in "The Empty City Strategy", Lu Su placing false letters in "The Meeting of Heroes", etc., both playing [Xipi Xiaomen].
2. Huqin Qupai: The Huqin Qupai of Peking Opera is basically the same as the flute music pai. It is also used for cleaning, dressing, dressing up, banquets, salutes, celebrations, memorials, passing scenes and dancing, as well as when matching with pantomime-style performance movements. Also used frequently. Due to the flexible operation and strong adaptability of stringed instruments such as the huqin, the huqin Qupai can be used more dexterously on the stage than the flute Qupai. Most of the Huqin tunes are adapted from the flute or suona tunes used in Kunqu Opera, such as [Xiaomenmen], [Wannianhuan], [Liu Yaojin], [Slope Sheep], [Chuanbo Chu], [Bangzhuantai] ]wait. There are also pieces from folk silk and bamboo music, such as [Hua Bangzi], [Dongfang Zan], [Xiaomofang], [Haiqingge], etc. After these tunes are played with the Huqin, fresher effects often appear due to the various tuning characteristics of the Huqin, the use of bowing and fingering techniques during performance, and the coordination with the Erhu, Yueqin, Xianzi, etc.
Huqin Qupai, also known as Silk String Qupai, generally does not use gongs and drums for accompaniment. Sometimes, only a single skin drum or a large and small hall drum is used to play the music. There are also silk-string tunes that are played only with plucked instruments instead of bowed string instruments. This is to express a specific mood, such as the "Qin Song" used by Zhuge Liang to play the qin on the tower in "The Empty City Strategy".
3. Chuida Qupai: All suona Qupai, Qingqu Pai and Dizi Qupai are called Chuida Qupai.
4． Qian Paizi: Qian Pai Zi is also known as Qian Nian Pai Zi. It was originally a tune that could be sung. Later it was changed to Nian Pai, with the tune removed, leaving only the accompaniment of gongs and drums. The sound rhythm of gongs and drums is used to set off the rhythm of Qian Nian's lines, such as [Underwater fish], [Lamp-flapping moth], [Quiet on all sides], [Money flower], etc. all fall into this category. This kind of dry music sometimes loses its meaning and only uses the rhythm of gongs and drums to match specific body movements on the stage.
5. Big-character paizi: Peking opera tunes form different categories depending on the form of their orchestration. Any tune with libretto, presented in the form of mass singing, and accompanied by suona and gongs and drums, is called a big-character paizi. The so-called big characters are the music lyrics. In the past Gongchi Pu, the music lyrics were written in large fonts in the middle, and the music score was attached next to the big characters, hence the name. Also known as mixed brand, mixed music brand and gongs and drums music brand.
6. Mixed brand: Any big-character sign that removes the lyrics and only has the suona playing the melody and adding the accompaniment of gongs and drums is called mixed brand.
7． Qingpai: Any tune that is mixed with gongs and drums and played only by the suona is called Qingpai.
8. Baban Peking Opera Huqin Qupai, [Baban], also known as [Laobaban], is a popular instrumental music among Chinese folk.
Peking Opera is mostly used for lively and relaxed dance scenes, such as the butterfly flapping in "The Matchmaker" (using Xipi), the binding (using Erhuang) in "Mangyuan Jizi", and the dance in "Flower Drum", etc., all played [ Eight boards].
9． Bacha Peking Opera Huqin Qupai, [Bacha] selects eight phrases from eight qupai and combines them to form a complete qupai, hence its name. The tune of [Bacha] is smooth, the melody is beautiful, and the tone is similar to Siping Tune, so it is often used in front of Siping Tune or Erhuang Yuanban. For example, plays such as "Meilong Town" and "Wen Qiao Nao Fu" all use [Bacha] accompaniment.
10． Erhuang Xiaomen's Peking Opera Huqin Qupai is used in the same way as [Xipi Xiaomen], but is used in Erhuang opera. For example, Zhao Guangyi in "Congratulations to the Palace" and Li Yanfei in "Da Baoguo" appeared, as well as Fan Zhongyu was drunk and sent to the study in "Asking the Woodman in the Mansion", and Kou Zhun changed clothes in "The Book of Honest Officials", etc. Play [Erhuang Xiaomen].
11. The Peking Opera Huqin Qupai with small openings for anti-erhuang is not necessarily used in plays singing anti-erhuang, but is used interchangeably with the small open-door for positive two yellows. For example, in "The Drunken Concubine", when the two powerful men Gao and Pei and the palace maids drink wine to Yang Yuhuan, they play "Anti Erhuang Xiaomen".