Vienna (12 photos) is also the first big city that the Danube River flows through, so it is called the goddess of the Danube River. There are also open-air concerts in summer. Every family will play classical music when the family is happy. More interestingly, before and after the government meeting, a song is also played. Vienna is a city and a state. The area of this state is only .5% of the national territory, but one fifth of the population of Austria is concentrated here. Vienna is the political, economic and cultural center of Austria. The Austrian Federal Parliament, the National Assembly, the Presidential Palace, the Prime Minister's Office, the ministries and commissions of the national government and the highest judicial institutions are all gathered in this city. At the same time, Vienna enjoys an important international status. Both the United Nations and the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries have offices in Vienna. Vienna was the former capital of the Austro-Hungarian Empire, and its luxurious style still exists. It is one of the oldest and most important cultural, artistic and tourist cities in Europe. After World War II, the Viennese rebuilt the devastated city. Today, all the historic buildings in Vienna have been renovated. With Austria's accession to the European Union, Vienna has become the center of business and economic exchanges between East and West. For tourists, Vienna has a variety of faces. Music worshippers will come to Wan Li for a concert and visit the temple of music. For many tourists, walking along the charming Danube River is very desirable. Geographical environment Vienna is located in a basin at the northern foot of the Alps, covering an area of 414.65 square kilometers. It is the smallest federal state in Austria and the only federal state that is not adjacent to other countries. Because of its important position, Vienna is a federal state with the largest traffic and construction area in Austria, with 11.3% of the area being used for construction, 11.1% for road traffic and 2.2% for railway tracks. Vienna is also the largest federal state to afforest the Hoenbrond Palace in Vienna, with a afforested area of 117.76 square kilometers and a coverage rate of 28.4%. Rivers and lakes cover an area of 19.1 square kilometers, accounting for 4.6%, second only to Burgenland. Vienna is also one of the four federal states that grow grapes in Austria, with vineyards accounting for 1.7% of the area. The forest coverage rate is 16.6%, and agricultural land accounts for 15.8%. Vienna is divided into 23 administrative regions. Vienna can become one of the most important and largest cities in Central Europe, which should be attributed to its superior geographical position. Vienna is located between the northeast foot of the Alps and the northwest of the Vienna Basin. Vienna developed from the south of the Danube and now extends to both sides of the Danube, which is the intersection of the east-west Danube route and the north-south amber road. Since the fall of the Iron Curtain in 1989, the transportation and economic relations between Austria and its northern and eastern neighbors have developed significantly, and the distance between Austria and Eastern Europe is remarkable. Vienna is only 6 kilometers away from Bratislava, the capital of Slovakia, which is the closest distance between the two capitals in Europe except Vatican City and Rome. The altitude of Vienna ranges from Lobau on the Danube at 151 meters to the highest peak in the Vienna forest at 542 meters. To the east of Vienna is the March River (Ma Vienna
rch) plain, and to the southeast is the Danube Grassland National Park. The northwest, west and southwest of Vienna are surrounded by Vienna forest, which extends all the way to the urban area. The Danube River flows through the city of Vienna. In addition to the Danube River, there are many small rivers flowing into the city from the Vienna forest, including the Vienna River. The mountains in the west connect with the glacier corridor in the south, which is the grape-growing area in Vienna. The residential areas in Vienna are mainly concentrated in the west of the city with good air quality, while the industrial areas are concentrated in the east of the city. The Vienna forest surrounds the urban area, and the Danube River flows quietly from the urban area. The famous Vienna forest surrounds the city from the west, north and south, and the vast eastern European plain faces it from the east, where it is lush and full of vitality. Vienna has a beautiful environment and charming scenery, and is known as the "goddess of the Danube".
Edit the Goddess of the Danube in this paragraph
Vienna is known as the "Goddess of the Danube". Beautiful environment, charming scenery, warm in winter and cool in summer. Vienna Forest Mountain, a branch of the Eastern Alps, stretches in the western suburbs, with green forests. To the west of the mountain is a gorgeous residential area surrounded by gardens and vineyards. The Danube River runs through the city, with beautiful water and picturesque scenery. Climbing to the foothills of the Alps in the west of the city, you can have a panoramic view of the undulating "Vienna Forest"; East of the city faces the Danube Basin, overlooking the shining green peak of Carpathian Mountain. The broad grassland in the north is like a huge green tapestry, and the blue Danube meanders through it. Houses are built along the mountain, with heavy buildings and clear layers. Looking from afar, various styles of church buildings cast an ancient and solemn color on this city with green mountains and clear waters. The streets in the city are radial rings with a width of 5 meters, and the inner city is within the circular avenue lined with trees to cover the sun. The cobblestone streets in the inner city are criss-crossed, and there are few high-rise buildings.
The night scenes of Vienna (2 photos) are mostly Baroque, Gothic and Romanesque buildings. The spires of St. Stefan's Cathedral and Twin Towers in the Middle Ages rose into the clouds, and its south tower was 138 meters high, overlooking the city. Chamberlain Palace is the summer palace of Habsburg dynasty, with Greek architecture, statues and fountains. There are big parks on the island between the Danube and the Danube Canal. The National Opera House, completed in 1869, is called the world opera center. Built in 1857, the 57-meter-wide and 4-kilometer-long circular avenue is flanked by important buildings such as museums, city halls, parliaments, universities and the National Opera House, making it one of the most beautiful urban passages in Europe. There is an intermediate layer between the circular avenue and another parallel circular road, which is sandwiched by commercial areas, residential areas, palaces and churches. Outside the second ring road is the outer layer, and there are elegant parks, beautiful villas and other palace buildings in the west of the city. Among these numerous palaces, the Bulong Palace in Schon, located in the southwest of the city, attracts attention, which is a relic of the prosperous period in Austrian history. The "Beautiful Palace" in the southeast of the city was built by Emperor Karl in prinz eugen in the early 18th century, who made great achievements in resisting Turkish invasion. The northeastern suburbs and southern suburbs are industrial areas, with metallurgy, machinery, automobiles, railway vehicles, chemical industry and other departments, and the output of clothing and printing accounts for more than half of the country. Mozart Statue
Editor's urban population
At the beginning of the 2th century, Vienna used to be the sixth largest city in the world. During the Austro-Hungarian Empire (1867-1918), the population of Vienna grew rapidly, with a population of two million, and it was the fourth largest city in the world after London, new york and Paris at that time. At that time, Vienna gathered many immigrants from other parts of the empire. After the First World War, many Czechs returned to their motherland, which led to a decrease in the population of this city, and Vienna lost a quarter of its population. In the following immigration period, about one third of the population had Slavic and Hungarian surnames. At present, the urban population of Vienna is 1.7 million (28 statistics).
editing this section of Vienna traffic
aviation
Vienna International Airport, also known as Schwechat Airport, is 16 kilometers away from the urban area and enjoys convenient transportation. At present, flights have been opened to Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Chongqing and other domestic big Schweitzer airport cities and many international cities. There are also flights to other Austrian cities, such as Salzburg, Graz and Innsbruck. Vienna Airport is different from many airports. Departing and arriving people are all in the same hall. Arriving guests need to go through the crowd waiting for departure, follow the "Arrival" sign, and you can see the border post when you arrive at the ground floor. It's convenient to get to the city from the airport, and there are many kinds of means of transportation to choose from: airport bus, airport express train and taxi.
Railway
The most convenient means of transportation to travel around Austria is the train. Vienna trains are in good condition, clean, punctual and fast. From Vienna, tourists generally choose the following routes: Vienna-Linz-Salzburg (entering Germany), Vienna-Bruckan der Mur-Klagenfurt-Filach (entering Italy). It takes about 3 hours and 2 minutes from Vienna to Salzburg, 74.4 euros for first class, 46.6 euros for second class, and 2 hours and 4 minutes to Graz, first class. 34 euros for second class, 3 hours and 28 minutes to Linz, 46.8 euros for first class, 3.6 euros for second class, 6 hours to Innsbruck, 92 euros for first class and 62.8 euros for second class. ⊿ The Austrian Railway Card is applicable to all routes of the Austrian Federal Railway and is valid for any three-day continuous travel within 15 days. You can contact the travel agency to buy. Austria is a part of the European railway system. You can get 5% discount on any Austrian federal railway line and Danube shipping line with the European Railway Concession Card, which is also applicable to the full fare between points. European railway cards can be purchased outside Europe.
Water transport
The Danube connects Vienna and Budapest, Hungary, and shipping is a very practical mode of transportation between the two capitals. It takes 5 hours to sail downstream from Vienna to Budapest and 6 hours and 2 minutes to sail upstream from Budapest to Vienna.
Edit the climate characteristics of this section
Vienna has a climate of Central Europe. Influenced by the Atlantic Ocean in the west, the temperature difference between winter and summer and between day and night is large and rainy, while the eastern part has a continental climate with small temperature difference and less rainfall. The alpine region has a long winter season and cool summer. The average temperature in July is 14-19℃, and the highest temperature is generally 32℃. Vienna is influenced by both the maritime climate from the west and the continental climate from the east, and belongs to a transitional climate. The precipitation in Vienna is very small, the drought period is long, and the winter is warmer than other Austrian cities. The average temperature in the city center is 1.4℃, and in the suburbs of the city is about 9.8℃, with an average precipitation of about 6 mm. There are about 6 days in summer and 7 days in freezing period, and the weather is extremely cold.
Edit the historical evolution of this paragraph
Vienna is an ancient city with a history of more than 1,8 years. Vienna was inhabited in the Neolithic Age. The Celts founded Vienna in about 5 BC and called it "Vedunia". In 15 AD, it became a frontline city of the Roman Empire to defend the Germanic tribes in the north. The Romans called it "Vindobona". The Romans built castles here in the 1st century A.D. It was first recorded as "Vinia" in 881 A.D. It became a handicraft and commercial center in the 12th century, the capital of Habsburg dynasty from the end of 13th century to 1918, and then the capital of Austria. In 1137, it became the first city of the Austrian Principality. Since then, Victoria has also become the capital of the Holy Roman Empire (since 1278). At the end of 13th century, with the rise and rapid development of Habsburg royal family, magnificent Gothic architecture sprang up like mushrooms after rain. After the 15th century, it became the capital of the Roman Empire and the economic center of Europe. Every time the Ottoman Empire invaded Europe in the 16th and 17th centuries, it was stopped in Vienna. In the 18th century, Maria Tielesia's mother and son were keen on reform, attacking church forces, promoting social progress, and at the same time bringing prosperity to art, which made Vienna gradually become the center of European classical music and gained the reputation of "Music City". With the prosperity of Austria-Hungary in the 19th century, Vienna became an important metropolis in Europe at that time, and became the capital of Austria (since 186) and Austria-Hungary (since 1867). In 1873, Vienna hosted a 16-day World Expo. In World War II, Austria merged with Nazi Germany again. After the war, Austria and Vienna, like Germany and Berlin, were divided into four control zones by Britain, the United States, France and the Soviet Union until Austria regained its independence in 1955. During the Cold War, Vienna was a hotbed of international espionage, because it was a neutral country between the East and West blocs.
prehistoric times, Roman times, and the Middle Ages
Archaeology found that there were human activities in Vienna in the Paleolithic Age, and people had lived in the Vienna Basin since the Neolithic Age. Vienna's good weather conditions and rich land resources provided a good living environment for Neolithic farmers, and the reddish brown and green stones needed for casting stone tools could also be mined in Vienna. Bronze Age, Bronze Age and Iron Age also left traces of human habitation in Vienna. Around 5 BC, the Celts established a residential area called Vedunia in the present location of Vienna. In the 1st century A.D., the Roman Empire stationed troops near the Danube River (now the center of Vienna) and established a city to protect the borders of Pannonia provinces. The Romans stayed until the 5th century. At the beginning of the 5th century, a devastating fire broke out in Vienna, and the next record appeared in the battle with magyars in 881. In 955, King Otto I of the Eastern Frankish Kingdom defeated magyars at the Battle of Lechfield, marking the rise of Vienna and Austria.
Barbenburg Dynasty
In p>976, Leopold I of the Barbenburg family was made a vassal of the eastern border region of Bavaria (Mark) by Emperor Otto II of the Holy Roman Empire. This fief on the Hungarian border later evolved into Austria. The name "Austria" first appeared in the history books in 996, and Ostarrichi means "East Mark". In the 11th century, Vienna was already an important trading city. In 1155, Henry II took Vienna as the capital. One year later, on September 17th, 1156, Emperor Frederick I of the Holy Roman Empire granted Henry II of Austria a small privilege, which promoted Austria from a vassal territory attached to Bavaria to an independent duchy, and Vienna became the capital of the principality. In 1221, Vienna became the second city in Austria to enjoy the right to develop its economy after Enes. Businessmen passing through Vienna had to provide their goods for sale in the city, which soon made Vienna a crucial trading city on the Danube River to Venice.
Habsburg Dynasty
The Habsburg Dynasty has ruled in Vienna for hundreds of years. During this period, Vienna developed into a European culture and