In audio equipment, an equalizer is an electronic device that can separately adjust the amplification of electrical signals of various frequency components. It can compensate for the defects of speakers and sound fields by adjusting electrical signals of various frequencies. , to compensate and modify various sound sources and other special functions. Generally, the equalizer on the mixer can only adjust the three frequency electrical signals of high frequency, medium frequency and low frequency respectively.

Strictly speaking, the frequency response curve of the speaker should first be calibrated to be straight with an equalizer. That is to say, the frequency response curve of the speaker is not originally a horizontal straight line, but in order to truly restore the sound, we can Turn the original curve into a straight line by adjusting the equalizer. But most friends do not have this condition and do not know the frequency response curve of headphones or earplugs, so we can only adjust according to our own hearing.

Here is the function of each part of the equalizer after segmentation:

1. 20Hz--60Hz part

This section can give the music a powerful boost The feeling is very loud, like thunder. It is a powerful feeling in music. If the increase is too high, it will be turbid and unclear, resulting in poor clarity, especially audio equipment with poor low-frequency response and excessive low-frequency.

2. 60Hz--250Hz part

This section is the low-frequency structure of music. They contain the basic sounds of the rhythm part, including the fundamental tone and the main tone of the rhythm sound. The ratio between it and the high-midrange constitutes the balanced characteristic of the timbre structure. Boosting this section will make the sound fuller, over-boosting will cause a rumbling sound. Attenuating these two sections will make the sound thinner.

3. 250Hz--2KHz part

This section contains the low-frequency harmonics of most musical instruments. If it is boosted too much, it will sound like the sound on the phone. If you increase 600Hz and 1kHz too much, the sound will sound like a speaker. If 3kHz is raised too much, the recognition sound of speech will be masked, that is, the speech will be unclear, and the labial sound "mbv" will be difficult to distinguish. If 1kHz and 3kHz are raised too much, the sound will have a metallic feel. Since the human ear is relatively sensitive to this frequency band, this section is usually not adjusted. Excessively increasing this section will cause hearing fatigue.

4. 2KHz--4kHz part

This frequency is an intermediate frequency. If it is raised too high, it will cover up the recognition sound of speech. Especially if 3kHz is raised too high, it will cause hearing fatigue. .

5. 4kHz--5KHz part

This is the frequency band with a sense of presence, which affects the clarity of sounds such as speech and musical instruments. Raising this frequency band will make people feel that the distance between the sound source and the listener is slightly closer; attenuating 5kHz will make the sound feel farther away; if it is raised by 6dB around 5kHz, the sound of the entire mixed sound will be louder. Power increased by 3dB.

6. 6kHz--16kHz part

This frequency band controls the brightness, macro brightness and clarity of the sound. Generally speaking, increasing these sections makes the sound louder, but not clear. It is unlikely to cause excessive sibilance. When attenuating, the sound becomes clear, but the sound is not loud.

The equalizer can also be set according to the listening limit curve, so that the ears can feel the sound most easily, which is the most natural and best!

As shown below, we Increase the DB number of low frequencies and high frequencies so that the low frequencies and high frequencies can be naturally felt by the ears. In other words, the best EQ settings should match the curve.

Several MP3 models in mpio divide the frequency into 5 segments. The fy200 is 50Hz/200Hz/1KHz/5KHz/15KHz. I can’t remember the fl100 clearly. hehe!

This kind of segmentation is similar to the segmentation introduced above. 50Hz/200Hz/1KHz/5KHz/15KHz all fall into the above range. We can adjust it according to our own listening habits, but it is entirely based on our own feelings, so it is not very accurate.

Haha, when I mentioned the function of the equalizer earlier, I said: to compensate and modify various sound sources and other special functions. So it's very simple.

When CD is recorded, the edited audio source signal is well recorded, and the sound effects have been adjusted during CD production, so we can think that there is no need for compensation. MP3 is different. During compression, the three parts of high, middle and low frequencies will be lost. Generally speaking, the high and low ends are lost, while the mid-frequency part is retained to a large extent. So the approach I took was to adjust by comparing the playback of CD and mp3 files.

Use foobar2000 to play a CD. Do not change the equalizer at this time and keep it in a straight line (each value is 0). Everyone, listen carefully and feel its effect.

Then we grab the song we just played into an mp3 file and play it with foobar2000. Listen carefully, they are definitely different. At this point you can adjust the equalizer. Since MP3 loses the high and low ends during compression, the mid-frequency part is retained to a large extent. So we strengthen the low frequency and high frequency parts, and the mid frequency can be slightly attenuated. The final effect is shown in the picture. This is the often mentioned V-shaped equalizer.