The more "f" marks for forte, the stronger the sound. Such as: f ff fff ffff, etc.

Stagato, also known as pauses and staccatos, is marked with small dots and inverted triangles. "." has a long hopping sound, "▼" has a short hopping sound. In simplified musical notation, the skip marks are marked with an inverted triangle and are written above the notes. Long beats are marked with hollow triangles; short beats are marked with solid triangles.

Ventilation mark: The ventilation mark is marked with ∨