The song is composed of two sections. The whole song is written in pentatonic mode. The melody is not only reminiscent of emotion, but also has a strong and mighty character, giving people an uplifting emotion.

At the beginning of the song, immediately after the two notes of "mi-so", there is a big jump interval of one octave. This is an important "iconic" interval in the whole song - the downward eight in the song. Du expresses extremely strong feelings of grief and indignation; upward eight degrees expresses an impassioned desire to avenge shame.

The remarkable melody progression of this piece is: the ascending pentatonic scale “so——la——do”, “do——re——mi——so” throughout the whole piece makes this piece full of tragic and stirring passion.

The whole song has a pure tone, a steady rhythm, and high-spirited and heroic emotions, which effectively inspired the Chinese nation's national spirit of being unwilling to be humiliated and having the courage to fight.

During the Southern Song Dynasty, the Song Dynasty and the Jin Dynasty were in conflict. In order to expand their territory, the Jin Dynasty launched a large-scale attack on the Southern Song Dynasty. At that time, the Southern Song Dynasty court was divided into two major factions: the capitulation faction headed by Qin Hui and the resistance faction represented by Yue Fei. For his own selfish interests, Qin Hui put aside the interests and future of the country, and even persecuted Yue Fei, who was against Jin Dynasty. Yue Fei was eventually persecuted to death because of being framed.