The morning dewdrops fell,

The tinkling sound of logging floated out of the valley,

The grassy fields became sparse amid the sound of crickets

Where has the sound of the flute on the cow's back gone?

The word "Zhen" vividly expresses the texture of dewdrops when it drips. The sound of chopping wood has a stronger rhythm, as if it is a combination of strength and beauty. Crickets The sound is clearer in the wilderness, and the faint reed pipe seems to take us into the distance...

This is a colorful autumn scene in the countryside. The poem is not long, only three stanzas, but it captures all kinds of scenery including valleys, farmhouses, fishing boats, and shepherdess. This is the autumn that dwells in the farmhouse, the autumn that plays on the fishing boat, the autumn that dreams in the eyes of the shepherdess, the autumn that is full of poetry.

The dewdrops covering the morning fell,

The tinkling sound of logging drifted out of the deep valley.

Put down the sickle that has been fragrant with rice,

Use the basket on your back to hold the plump melons and fruits between the bamboo fences.

Live in a farmhouse in autumn.

Cast a round net into the cold mist on the river,

Put away the shadow of the tallow leaf like a green bream.

The reed canopy is covered with white frost,

The small oar is gently swaying as it returns to the mooring.

Autumn games on fishing boats.

The grassy fields become more spacious amidst the sound of crickets.

The stream has become clearer because it has dried up and seen stones.

Where has the sound of the flute on the cow's back gone?

The flute hole filled with the fragrance and heat of the summer night?

Autumn dreams are in the eyes of the shepherdess.

"Man Phi" has a vivid image. The word "Giao" is apt and expressive. The sound of logging, the early morning, dew and other images form a clean and moist sound painting. "Daoxiang" makes people's mouth full of fragrance. "Satisfied" describes the scene of a good harvest and is personified. The "fat melons and fruits" also show a good harvest. The last sentence wraps it up and adds the finishing touch. The word "perch" means eternity and is personified.

Picture of fisherman’s autumn scene. "Cold fog" creates a hazy poetic atmosphere, which is consistent with the season. The metaphor of "the shadow of the tallow leaf like a green bream" seems clumsy, clever and thought-provoking. "Guibo" not only describes the scene, but also implies time, echoing the "morning" above. The word "game" is both false and true.

The unique scenery of autumn. Full of poetry and painting. Appearing as questions, the language is swaying and colorful. The combination of "full flow" and "fragrance and heat" and "di Kong" is full of poetry against the background of "summer night". Has the "Shepherdess" ever seen autumn "living in a farmhouse" or "playing on a fishing boat"? Did the flute on the back of the cow express or evoke the girl's feelings? Her eyes must be full of autumn. The scene must have made her heart tremble with joy and dreams.

Exercise instructions

1. Read this poem emotionally, think about the order of describing the scenes, and then recite the whole poem.

This question requires students to read the poem emotionally and recite the entire poem. This is a requirement from the perspective of the main way of appreciating poetry, and students should be guided to recite it repeatedly.

2. Taste the following highlighted words.

1. Put down the sickle that has been filled with the fragrance of rice

2. Live in the farmhouse in autumn

3. Play on the fishing boat in autumn

This question is to guide students to appreciate the language. It should be understood based on the artistic conception of the whole poem and the specific context. Please refer to the relevant content in "Text Discussion".

3 Compare the following poem with the text, and talk about the differences in the thoughts and feelings expressed by the two poets. (Poetry summary)

This question is intended to guide students in comparative appreciation, and it also provides students with an equally excellent foreign poem. These two poems have many similarities in their thoughts and feelings, image combinations, and artistic styles. In terms of thoughts and feelings, they both express their love and praise for autumn.

Teaching suggestions

1. Pay attention to reading. Guide students to read the whole poem emotionally and repeatedly until they are familiar with it.

Second, design some questions that are open to a certain extent and allow students to express themselves freely to guide students in appreciating the poem. For example: Do you like this poem? Why? Which sentences of this poem do you like best? Why? Have you paid attention to the scenery of autumn? Is the autumn scenery in your impression the same as this poem? Can you also use the words autumn Write a poem for the title?

3. Guide students to conduct comparative appreciation. The text provides materials for comparative appreciation, which should be fully utilized to guide students to appreciate through comparison. When comparing and appreciating, you should read carefully first, and then compare the similarities and differences. It would be better if you can find some revolutionary things from the comparison.

Relevant information

1. Introduction to the author (Wu Zimin)

He Qifang (1912-1977), a modern essayist, poet, and literary critic. Her original name was He Yongfang, and she was born into a conservative family in Wanzhou, Sichuan. He loved ancient Chinese poetry and novels when he was young. In 1929, he went to Shanghai to study at the preparatory course of China Public School and read a lot of new poetry. From 1931 to 1935, he studied in the Philosophy Department of Peking University. During college, he published poems and essays in magazines such as "Modern". In 1936, his poetry collection "Hanyuan Collection" with Bian Zhilin and Li Guangtian was published. His collection of essays "Painting Dreams" was published in 1937 and won the Ta Kung Pao Literary Gold Medal. After graduating from university, He Qifang taught successively at Tianjin Nankai Middle School and Shandong Laiyang Rural Normal School.

After the outbreak of the Anti-Japanese War, He Qifang returned to his hometown in Sichuan to teach, while continuing to write poetry, prose, and essays. In 1938, he went north to Yan'an and taught at Lu Xun Art Institute, and later served as director of the Literature Department of Lu Xun Art.

After the founding of New China, he was mainly engaged in literary research and criticism, and participated in leadership work in the literary and art circles for a long time. He once served as a member of the China Federation of Literary and Art Circles, secretary of the Secretariat of the Chinese Writers Association, and director of the Institute of Literature.

Poetry was the literary form that He Qifang first loved and used. He claimed that when he began to create, he "dreamed about some beautiful and gentle things all day long." His early works clearly showed the thoughts, feelings and personality of a petty bourgeois intellectual youth. He is dissatisfied with the ugly reality and does not know the way out; he eagerly yearns for the beautiful things in life, but lacks passionate pursuit. So I wander more in nostalgia, longing and dreams, leaving only loneliness and melancholy.

He Qifang shows a persistent pursuit of the perfection of artistic form. In terms of poetry, he paid great attention to complete form, strict rhyme, and harmonious rhythm from the beginning of his creation, and paid attention to expressing the image and artistic conception of the poem. Therefore, his poetry is obviously characterized by delicacy and gorgeousness. In terms of prose creation, he claimed that "my job is to discover a new realm for lyrical prose". He is good at integrating the characteristics of poetry, writing rich and lingering words, borrowing novel metaphors and allusions, and rendering fantasy and beautiful colors and Patterns give his prose a unique style.

The changes in thought and artistic style were truly evident at the beginning of the Anti-Japanese War, especially after arriving in Yan'an. At this time, he gradually left his dream and faced reality, and his poetry style became simple and clear.

The six-volume "Collected Works of He Qifang" (People's Literature Publishing House) contains most of He Qifang's creations and treatises.

(Excerpted from "Encyclopedia of China·Chinese Literature" 1992 edition)

2. Such an atmosphere - reading "Autumn" (Liu Zhenfu)

"Autumn" is selected from "Prophecy" (1931-1933), a collection of poems written by He Qifang in his early years. It is not like the poets of that period who liked to use symbolic techniques, write mysteriously, or like to explore philosophy and show the profoundness of their thoughts; nor is it like his forward poems that stick to the narrow personal world and linger on the private affairs of men and women. Love, apart from resentment and hard thinking, is expectation. It is rare for this poet to turn his vision to the countryside and the activities of ordinary people, and speak about the affairs of others outside himself as a viewer, expressing a clear and pure poetic style. The poem is written in a straightforward way. On the surface it seems simple and straightforward, lacking symbolic meaning, but in fact it has deep and long meaning. There is such an atmosphere and charm in the poem, which is the thing that can capture the reader's soul the most.

The so-called atmosphere, in literary works, especially lyrical works, usually refers to the overall situation, style, and charm in the work. It is similar to, but also different from, Yan Yu's "the weather is chaotic and difficult to put into words". The weather refers to a broader scope, including all aspects of content and form; atmosphere seems to be mainly related to content, involving image, artistic conception, Emotions etc. The atmosphere can be felt but cannot be described, just as Sikong Tu said: "God does not know, knowing but difficult to describe." Or as a Tang Dynasty person said: "The sun in Lantian is warm, and the good jade produces smoke. It can be expected but not placed in front of the eyebrows." But if you feel it after reading it and understand it in your heart, you should also be able to express your thoughts and express them in writing.

In "Autumn", the poet uses the most essential language to describe farm life. Each line of the poem is a picture, and the three verses form three composite pictures. The combination of images creates a special atmosphere that is both fluid and integrated.

The first picture is "Farmer's Harvest Picture". This is not about a particular farmer, but about general farm activities. I wrote two scenes, one is logging in a valley, and the other is carrying melons and fruits between hedges. The logging in the valley is placed at the beginning of the chapter. The sound of tinkling floats far away, appealing to hearing; the cool dewdrops fall, appealing to vision and touch. It is truly an out-of-this-world scenery that inspires people to reminisce about that distant impression. Isn’t there a line in the Book of Songs that says, “The trees are clinking and the birds are chirping. They come from the valley and move to the trees.” Where are the words “Gone with the Wind” and “Gone in the Valley”? It often appeared in Fang's early poems, but those were all fictional and used metaphorical and extended meanings, but here they are realistic and have a special charm. The mood and expression accompanying carrying melons and fruits are not specified in the poem, but readers can imagine that it is joyful and smiling. "Perch" was originally used to describe living things. It is now used at the end of this poem to summarize the situation of autumn in farmers' homes. It visualizes nothingness (autumn) and creates a relaxed and quiet atmosphere. Atmosphere.

The second picture is "Returning to Fishing in the Frost Morning". Among them, words such as "fog" and "frost" that express the environmental atmosphere (as well as "dew" in the previous section) often appeared in He Qifang's early poems, conveying a cool, lonely and hazy atmosphere. The scene also includes a series of activities: casting a net, collecting fish, and rocking an oar. These scenes of ordinary activities contain a light, distant, clear and quiet charm in the poet's writing. The word "gently" often appears in He's poems, as if "picking it up at your fingertips", showing the fisherman's leisurely and contented mood. Perhaps in He Qifang's mind in his early years, autumn was really so peaceful and distant.

The third picture is the "Picture of a Girl in Love". This poem begins with weeds, crickets and streams, which is equivalent to what the ancients called "sensing" writing, that is, talking about other things first, feeling from excitement, and entering emotion from the scene. There are few wild grasses and clear streams. This is not a human activity. There must be a continuation later, that is, the girl is in love. The noisy summer of nature has passed, but it has become quieter with the arrival of autumn. In the silence, most people reflect on themselves and listen to the voice of their souls. The shepherdess listened to "the sound of the flute on the back of the cow" for a whole summer, and suddenly she could no longer hear it. A corner of her soul began to stir. It was really "like the roots of trees shaking the soil on a hot summer night" (He Qifang's poem "Summer Night" 》). Writing about love, especially first love, was what He Shi was good at in his early years. This time, he wrote more implicitly and brilliantly. This section only has five lines, but it describes the transition from the exterior scene to the interior scene, and the transition of first love from scratch. The poet chose the specific angle of "the eyes of the shepherdess". Although the eyes are not explicitly written, readers can see the purity and clarity in them. It is the special eyes of a girl in love who seems to be in love but not in love. And comparing these three stanzas, we can see that the first two stanzas mainly write about external scenery and people, while the third stanza really writes deep into the soul, writing subtle feelings, which makes the whole poem converge on the emotional reality. If you don't write like this, it will be difficult to get into the mood and be absorbed in the poem, and the poem will "float".

In short, the poem "Autumn" creates an atmosphere that is both from the world and far away from the world by describing different scenes and pictures. This atmosphere is characterized by quietness, distance, sweetness and softness.

It writes about the farm leisure scene after a busy summer, so it has a quiet atmosphere; it writes about a paradise-like life, without the slight hardship and hatred of the farm family, so it has a distant atmosphere; it writes about the hazy and innocent feelings of boys and girls Love has a sweet atmosphere; like He Qifang's other poems, it uses soft words to write beautiful images, avoiding noisy scenes and clumsy words, so it has a soft atmosphere. Each picture in the poem, as well as each image in the picture, are all harmonious and unified; therefore, the many characteristics such as tranquility, remoteness, sweetness, softness, etc., on which this atmosphere is formed, are all reached to the extreme. This level of skill is beyond the reach of non-experts. But He Qifang was a college student in her 20s when she wrote this poem!

Asker’s comment

thank you