Five

Line

Spectrum

Basic

Basic

Knowledge

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Knowledge

1. The following diagram shows five lines, which is the staff. It is divided into one, two, three, four and five lines.

1. The blank space in the middle of the five lines is the room, and there are four rooms.

2. Place it at the beginning of the staff.

and

are the treble clef and bass clef respectively.

Comparison diagram of line notation and simplified notation scales

What is drawn below is a standard piano staff (sharps and flats are omitted here), and the red ones are the simplified notation corresponding to the notes of the staff note. The treble clef and the bass clef each have five lines, hence the name of the staff. The basic concept of the staff notation method is that the notes are clear at a glance from low to high, and each note is in a fixed position - on the line, or between the lines.

5. Comparison table of musical notation singing method and musical notation singing method

First introduction to musical notation

The composition of musical notation

Used to record notes The five parallel horizontal lines are called the staff. The five lines of the staff and the space formed by the five lines are calculated from the bottom up.

If the musical work is written on several lines of staff, then the several lines of staff must be connected with clefs.

Continuing clef: It consists of two components: the starting line (the vertical line connecting several lines of staff) and the bracket (the bracket connecting several lines of staff).

The brackets are divided into two types: flowery and straight.

Notes and rests

The symbols used to record the progression of sounds of different lengths are called notes.

The symbols used to record the interruptions of sounds of different lengths are called rests.

The basic relationship between sound values ??is: the ratio of each larger sound value to its nearest smaller sound value is the ratio of 2 to 1. For example:

A whole note is equal to two half notes, one half note is equal to two quarter notes; a whole rest is equal to two half notes, etc.

Time

No.

During the progression of a piece of music, the music is usually repeated with a certain intensity, such as the common waltz.

It is performed in the form of three beats of "Peng-Cha-Cha" (strong-weak-weak). This is the time signature.

(1): Two-beat system:

The two-beat system is a time system in the form of strong-weak, strong-weak dynamics. The common two-beat time signatures are as follows:

The number at the top represents the number of beats in a measure, and the number at the bottom represents how many quarter notes are used as a beat. For example, 2/4 represents 2 beats in a measure.

A quarter note is one beat; 4/4 means there are 4 beats in a measure, and a quarter note is one beat.

(2).

Three-beat system:

The three-beat system is a beat system in the form of strong-weak-weak dynamics. The common three-beat system The time signature is as follows:

Example:

3/4 means that there are 3 beats in a measure, and a quarter note is used as a beat; 3/8 means that there are 3 beats in a measure, and The 8th note counts as one beat; 6/8

means that there are 6 beats in a measure, and the 8th note counts as one beat; 9/8 means that there are 9 beats in a measure, and the 8th note counts as one beat.

(3).

Back-beat system:

The back-beat system is a comprehensive application of the first two. There are two common types: 5-beat and 7-beat. .

clef

As mentioned before, the higher the position of the note on the staff, the higher the sound, and conversely, the lower the position of the note, the lower the sound, but in the end the high How many? Low much

less? But can't be sure. To determine the pitch of a note on the staff, it must be marked with a clef. This kind of clef is marked on a certain line of the staff, so that this line has a fixed pitch name and height, and it also determines the pitch names on other lines or spaces. and height.

There are three commonly used clefs:

G clef

It represents a group of small letters "g", which is recorded on the second line of the staff, and is called treble clef. There is another one recorded on the first line, which is called the old French treble clef.

Treble clef.

F clef

It represents the small group of f, which is recorded on the fourth line of the staff, and is called the bass clef; in addition, it is recorded on the fifth line, which is called the double clef. Bass clef.

The C clef

represents a group of small letters called c, which can be recorded on any line of the staff.

The currently used C clef is the C three-line clef (alto clef

), which is used by alto violins and sometimes trombones. The C clef (tenor clef) is used by cellos, bassoons and trombones. Other C clefs are generally less commonly used.

The purpose of using many clefs is to avoid too many lines and make writing and reading music more convenient.

Various clefs can be used individually or connected together, such as the large clef composed of high and bass clefs.

Character dots:

Character dots are small dots on the right side of note heads, used to increase the duration of notes. If there is a dot on the right side of a note, it means that the value of the note will be increased by 1/2 on the original basis; if it is a note with two dots, , it means that the duration of this note will be increased by 3/4 based on the original value.

For example:

Similarly, the dot is also applicable to rests, and its meaning is the same as when used after a note.

Tennis mark

Tenmata:

The shape of the truncatum is a semicircle with a dot in the middle. In monophonic music , which is written above the notes or rests, indicates that the duration of the notes or rests can be freely increased according to the style of the work and the player's intention. In polyphonic music, a truncate may also be placed below a note or rest. In addition, the continuation can also be recorded on the bar line to indicate a moment of rest between bars. When the tema is marked on the

double vertical bar line, it represents the end or end of the music.

Tie line:

A tie line is an arc that curves upward or downward. Its function is to connect two or more notes with the same pitch. , when sung or played

as a note, its length is equal to the sum of all these notes. In monophonic music, slurs are always written in the opposite direction to the stems.

If it is two-part music, the line connecting the high part is bent upward.