Longxi Journey
Ten miles and a horse.
Five miles and one whip.
A letter from the Protectorate has arrived.
The Huns surrounded Jiuquan.
It is snowing in Guanshan.
The beacon garrison (a fire) is cut off without smoke. Notes ①Longxi Journey: One of the ancient titles of Yuefu. Longxi, west of Longshan Mountain, east of present-day Longxi County, Gansu Province.
②Duhu: official name. The Han Dynasty established the Protectorate of the Western Regions, and the Tang Dynasty established six major Protectorate Offices to govern the countries in the Western Regions.
③Xiongnu: This generally refers to the ethnic minorities in the north and west of our country.
④Jiuquan: The name of the county, located in the northeast of Jiuquan County, Gansu Province today.
⑤Guanshan: Generally refers to the mountains and wilderness of Border Pass.
⑥Beacon garrison: beacon tower and border camp. In ancient times, the warning signal on the frontier was called a beacon. During the day, smoke was raised as "罇", and at night, fire was raised as "beacon". garrison, one book is "fire".
⑦Break: break contact. Appreciation: This is a frontier fortress poem written with an old Yuefu inscription, which shows the scene of the Huns' invasion and the emergency of border defense. The author did not describe the war head-on, but intercepted the fragment of the military envoy delivering the letter. By depicting a confused and magnificent picture of Guanshan flying snow and garrison in the distance, the author exaggerated the urgency and tension of the border from the side, showing the poem's "unexpected" meaning. The depth and solemnity. Therefore, it has the reputation of "faithfulness does not diminish Taibai" in Zhang Jie's "Suihantang Poems". Wang Wei (699-761), also known as Mojie (jié), was a famous poet in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. He rose to the rank of Shangshu Youcheng and was known as "Wang Youcheng" in the world. Originally from Qi (now Qi County, Shanxi Province), he moved to Puzhou (now Yongji, Shanxi Province). In his later years, he lived in Wangchuan Villa in Lantian. He is of Han nationality. His achievements in poetry and painting were both very high. Su Shi praised him, "When you taste Mojie's poems, there are paintings in the poems; when you look at Mojie's paintings, there are poems in the paintings." He is especially accomplished in landscape poetry, and together with Meng Haoran, he is known as "Wang Meng". "In his later years, he had no intention of pursuing an official career and dedicated himself to worshiping Buddhism, so later generations called him the "Poetry Buddha". He is the author of "Wang Youcheng Collection" and has 400 poems. Not only that, Wang Wei is good at painting figures, bamboos, and landscapes. People in the Tang Dynasty recorded two types of landscape features: one is similar to that of Li and his son, and the other is painted with broken ink. His famous work "Wangchuan Picture" is the latter. However, the "Snowy Stream Picture" and "Jinan Fu Sheng Statue" that are attributed to him are not authentic. Wang Wei obviously had higher achievements in the field of Tang poetry. He was a representative of the landscape pastoral school in the Tang Dynasty.
Wang Wei was rich in literary talent when he was a teenager. In the ninth year of Kaiyuan (721), he was awarded the rank of Jinshi and became Lecheng. For some reason, he was relegated to Sicang, Jeju to join the army. Later he returned to Chang'an. In the 22nd year of Kaiyuan, Zhang Jiuling was appointed Zhongshu Ling. Wang Wei was promoted to the position of Youshiyi. At that time, he wrote the poem "Xian Shi Xing Gong", which praised Zhang Jiuling's political ideas of opposing party establishment for personal gain and excessive use of honorary rewards, which reflected his mood at that time to demand something to be done. In the twenty-fourth year (736), Zhang Jiuling resigned as prime minister. The following year he was demoted to the governor of Jing. Li Linfu was appointed Zhongshu Ling, which was a turning point in the politics of the Xuanzong period from being relatively clear to becoming increasingly dark. Wang Wei was very frustrated by Zhang Jiuling's demotion, but he did not withdraw from officialdom. In the twenty-fifth year of Kaiyuan, he was sent to Hexi Province to serve as deputy ambassador Cui Xiyi. Later, he served as the imperial censor Zhi Nanxuan. In Tianbaozhong, Wang Wei's official position was gradually promoted. Before the Anshi Rebellion, when officials were in trouble, he was tired and worried about the officialdom at that time, but on the other hand, he was still attached to his family and could not leave decisively. So he followed the customs and lived a semi-official and semi-hidden life for a long time...
Wang Wei's achievements in poetry are multifaceted, including frontier fortresses, landscape poems, rhythmic poems, and quatrains. A good article that has been widely circulated among people. He indeed has unique attainments in describing natural scenery. Whether it is the magnificence of famous mountains and rivers, the grandeur and desolation of frontiers and fortresses, or the tranquility of small bridges and flowing water, they can accurately and concisely create a perfect and vivid image, without much ink, lofty artistic conception, complete poetry and painting. Fusion into a whole.
The Landscape Pastoral Poetry School is one of the two major poetry schools in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. This poetry school is the successor of Tao Yuanming, Xie Lingyun, and Xie Tiao. The poets of this poetry school are famous for their ability to depict landscapes and pastoral scenery. It is famous for its artistic style and is relatively close to it. By depicting quiet scenery, it reflects its peaceful state of mind or reclusive thoughts, so it is called the "Landscape Pastoral School". Its main writers are Meng Haoran, Wang Wei, Chang Jian, Zu Yong, Pei Di and others. Among them, the most accomplished and influential ones are Wang Wei and Meng Haoran, who also became "Wang Meng".
"The Army March", "Longxi Journey", "Yan Branch", "Watching Hunting", "Envoys to the Fortress", "Departure from the Fortress", etc., which are based on the military and frontier fortress life, are all A work of magnificent flight. "Longtou Yin" and "Old General's Journey" express the sorrow of generals who have not been rewarded for their merits, reflecting one aspect of the internal contradictions of the feudal ruling class. "Watching the Hunt" vividly describes the scene during hunting. "Song of Yimen" sings the chivalrous spirit of historical figures. The four poems of "Youth's Journey" express the hero's bravery and boldness, with vivid images and smooth writing. These works are generally believed to be Wang Wei's early works. There are also some poems, such as "Ode to the Four Sages of Ji", "Fable", "Ode to Unexpected Encounters", and "Ode to Lady Zhao Playing the Harp" written when he was demoted to Jeju. Expressing indignation at the unreasonable phenomenon of talented people being unlucky reflects some of the dark sides of feudal politics in the Kaiyuan and Tianbao periods. "A Daughter's Journey to Luoyang", "Ode to Xi Shi", and "Zhuli Pavilion" use bixing techniques to express the emotion caused by the injustice between the high and the low and the satire of the powerful. There are also works such as "Mrs. Xi" and "Ban Jieyu" that describe women's pain. They are deeply sad and have certain social significance. Some lyric poems are given to relatives and friends and describe daily life, such as "Farewell", "Farewell to each other in the mountains", "Farewell to Li's Supplements at Lingaotai", "Farewell to the Second Envoy of Yuan Dynasty in Anxi", "Send off Shen Zifu to Jiangdong", "September 9th" "Reminiscent of Shandong Brothers", "Lovesickness", "Miscellaneous Poems", "You Came from Hometown", etc. have been recited by people for thousands of years; "Send Yuan Er Envoy to Anxi", "Lovesickness", etc. were immediately broadcast as music at that time and were widely known. Sing. These small poems are all five-character or seven-character quatrains, with sincere feelings, clear and natural language, no need for decoration, and a simple and profound beauty. They can be compared with the quatrains of Li Bai and Wang Changling, and represent the highest achievement of quatrains in the prosperous Tang Dynasty.