Question 1: Revealing the secret: Which ethnic group’s musical instrument is the panpipe? Is it in a high school music book?
If yes, the answer is this:
Violin, cello, guitar, bagpipe, trumpet
Harp, panpipe, (don’t know), Saxophone, kamanja
Question 2: The panpipe is one of the oldest musical instruments in which of the following countries? Europe Scotland Argentina It should be from our country
Panpipe
A hole-blowing instrument. A wind instrument popular in China, Europe and Latin America. Its structure is composed of bamboo, wood or copper pipes of different lengths and lengths arranged according to musical scale. The history of the creation of panpipes in various countries is different, their performances are similar, and their shapes and structures are also different. The sound of wooden panpipes is mellow and soft, while the sound of bamboo panpipes is bright.
Chinese panpipes were called Lai, Xiao, Fengxiao, Bizhu, etc. in ancient times. There are records of the flute in "Shangshu", "Zhouli", "Book of Songs" and other books. According to "Shuowen Jiezi": "Xiao, a staggered wind instrument, resembles the wings of a phoenix. From bamboo, it makes a solemn sound." Panpipes are generally made of bamboo, tied with rope or bamboo, or framed with a wooden frame. Some panpipes are made of stones. There are many shapes of panpipes in the past dynasties. The large panpipes have 23 pipes (one theory is 22 pipes), which are called "yan"; the small panpipes have 16 pipes; the bottomless ones are called hole flutes. There are also panpipes of different specifications such as 10, 13, 17, 18, 21, and 24 tubes. The stone panpipe discovered in Tomb No. 1 of Xiaqi, Xichuan, Henan in 1978 is 15 centimeters long, 8.3 centimeters wide, and has 13 tubes. The tube wall is generally 0.1 centimeters thick. Panpipes have been used in palaces and religious workshops throughout the ages, and some are also used in military music, and are widely circulated among the people. It was introduced to Japan around the Tang Dynasty. In Japan's Shoso-yuan, there are still two remnants of 16 Ganzhu panpipes passed down from the Tang Dynasty. In recent years, China has developed the lost pan flute and transformed it into a double-row pipe and keyed whistle type pan flute, with a maximum of 50 pipes arranged according to the law of twelve equals.
European Panpipe, also known as Panpipe, is the oldest and most widely circulated musical instrument in Europe. Panpipes come in different shapes, either arranged in a trapezoid according to the length of the pipes, or arranged on two sides to form a double-wing shape; or the inside of the pipe is sealed with wax and the outside forms an equal-length straight shape, which is like playing a harmonica. British puppet shows still use this accompaniment. Panpipe is also the main folk instrument in Hungary and Romania. There are more than 20 pipes, called "nay". This type of panpipe is the instrument used by Papageno in the Romanian folk music "Skylark" and W.A. Mozart's opera "The Magic Flute".
Latin American panpipes are popular among South American Indians and come in various shapes, with the panpipes from the Andean plateau being the most famous. The ancient Incas used wood, stone, clay or metal to make pipes. In modern times, bamboo and reed are often used to make pipes. There are single rows and double rows. Its tone generally adopts the pentatonic scale, and a few areas also use the heptatonic scale. In Peru, panpipes are called "Antara". Ecuador calls it "Rondador" and Bolivia calls it "Sicu". For double-row panpipes, the pipe lengths are the same. The player can use the remaining air after blowing the first row of pipes to make the second row of pipes produce a sound that is 8 degrees higher. The unique feature of the Bolivian sicu is that one instrument can only play a sequence of notes three degrees apart; therefore, to play any piece of music, a pair of panpipes must be used by two players at the same time. There is also a bass sicu in Bolivia. Its pipe is 1.2 to 2 meters long and its pronunciation is powerful and generous, which is very distinctive. The panpipe is good at playing gorgeous scale-like passages, and can use the slight shaking of the hand to produce a pleasant vibrato. In addition, you can also use the different angles of the mouthpiece to blow the interval changes of minor thirds in a pipe
The panpipe is so beautiful that I think it has no national boundaries
The history of the panpipe
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The panpipe is an ancient braided wind instrument.
It plays an important role in the drumming of the Han Dynasty and the music of the Sui and Tang Dynasties.
The panpipe is the predecessor of the later panpipe. By the Zhou Dynasty, both the flute and the flute were mentioned by poets and included in the Book of Songs. In the eight-tone classification of ancient musical instruments, panpipes are classified as bamboo instruments.
In the era of Yu and Shun, there was a music and dance called "Xiao Shao", which was mainly played with panpipes. In ancient times, panpipes, like bells and chimes, were very popular musical instruments. In the nearly thousand years from the Spring and Autumn Period to the Qin and Han Dynasties, panpipes were widely circulated among the people and occupied a very important position in the propaganda of the Han Dynasty.
Panpipes played an important role in the court music of the Northern and Southern Dynasties, Sui Dynasty and Tang Dynasty.
Especially among the nine and ten music groups of the Sui and Tang Dynasties, there were Qingyue, Xiliang, Gaoli, Qiuci, Shule and Anguo music groups.
After the spread and development of the past dynasties, panpipes have different shapes and more distinctive names, such as "Di Xiao", "Ya Xiao", "Song Xiao", "Shun Xiao", "羠", " "Lai" and "Bizhu" etc. In addition, the pan flute is also known as "Zan Cha", "Feng Yi", "Short Xiao", "Yun Xiao" and "Qin Xiao".
During the prosperous Tang Dynasty, the panpipe from my country spread eastward to Japan. To this day, two panpipe relics from my country's Tang Dynasty are still treasured in the Shoso-in of Todaiji Temple in Nara, the ancient capital of Japan. However, in the "Todaiji Temple Presentation Account" at that time, they were called "Ganzhuryu". One has 12 tubes, made of rafters and leather straps, 30.5 cm high; the other has 7 tubes, 23.5 cm high. Both are disabled... >>
Question 3: What national instruments are these two played? The top one looks like a panpipe, and the bottom one should be an ocarina or a xun. ,
Question 4: Introduction to Panpipes. As a Han musical instrument, the earliest panpipes in the world discovered so far are bone panpipes from the early Western Zhou Dynasty in China, 3,000 years ago. Panpipes are made by combining several sound pipes of the same material into a whole instrument by gluing, bundling, or fixing them with a frame. The inside of the sound pipe is blocked with beeswax or cork. When playing, the airflow flows from The top of the mouthpiece slides over and hits the inner tube wall on the opposite side. The airflow vibrates in the inner cavity of the sound tube, producing a musical sound. Due to the different positions of the beeswax and cork, the vibration periods of the airflow in the sound tube are different, so the vibration frequencies of the airflow are different. , thus producing different musical tones.
Question 5: What is the difference between pan flute and pan flute (especially in terms of timbre)? The harp harp
is an ancient Chinese plucked instrument with a long history and a long history. According to research, it has been circulating for more than 2,000 years. In ancient times, in addition to being used by palace bands, the harp was also widely circulated among the people. During the prosperous Tang Dynasty (618--907) in China, with the rapid development of economy and culture, the art of harp playing also reached a very high level. It was during this period that the ancient Chinese harp was introduced to neighboring countries such as Japan and Korea. . In the temple of Tora Daiji Temple in Japan, there are still two remnants of the Tang Dynasty harp. However, this ancient musical instrument fell out of popularity in the late 14th century and gradually disappeared. People can only see some patterns of the harp in previous murals and reliefs.
In order to bring this musical instrument that has disappeared for many years back to the stage, Chinese music workers and musical instrument makers have conducted a lot of research work since the 1950s. They based on the records and preservation of ancient books Based on the graphics of ancient murals, several types of konghou were designed and produced. However, due to many shortcomings in these konghou, they were not promoted and spread. In the early 1980s, a new type of harp - the Yanzhu harp - was developed. Its structure is relatively complete and scientific, and its sound has national characteristics, so it has been promoted for music practice.
The two types of harps popular in ancient China are horizontal and vertical harps. The new Yanzhu harp is developed based on the basic shape of the ancient vertical harp. The shape of the new Yanzhu harp is similar to that of the Western harp, but the difference is that it has two rows of strings, each row has thirty-six strings, and each string is supported by a herringbone string post on the sound box. On the top, the shape of this kind of string pillar looks like the formation of wild geese flying in the sky, so this kind of harp is called the wild goose pillar harp.
The Yanzhu harp has a soft and clear tone, a wide range and rich expressive power. It can play both ancient and modern national music and harp music. Since the left and right rows of strings have the same tone, they are equivalent to two harps. It has many conveniences in playing fast melodies and overtones. It can also play melody and accompaniment in the middle range with the most beautiful sound with both hands at the same time. This is also the case with other musical instruments. Incomparable. In addition, Yanzhu Konghou is unique in playing vibrato, slide, vibrato and other playing techniques.
The fine 筚篥
is a folk musical instrument widely circulated among the Koreans. It is mainly popular in the Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture in Jilin Province, China, and other areas inhabited by Koreans. The pronunciation of Xijuozhen is loud, the tone is high-pitched and vigorous, and it has strong Korean characteristics.
The history of fine bamboo baskets is very long, and its originator is the ancient bamboo baskets.
The fine bamboo basket consists of two parts: a whistle and a pipe body. The whistle is 4 cm long and is made of reeds with the hard skin removed; the pipe body is made from thin bamboo tubes, with a total length of 20 to 25 cm and a diameter of about 1 cm. There are 7 sound holes on the front and a treble hole on the back.
The method of playing the fine flute is the same as that of most wind instruments. During the performance, the player should hold the pipe upright, hold the whistle in his mouth, and press the treble hole on the back and the 3 on the top with his left hand. sound holes, and press the other 4 sound holes at the bottom of the front with your right hand.
Fine flutes are divided into three types: treble, alto and double flutes. The traditional high-pitched fine flute can only play one mode. Later, the instrument maker opened a small key hole in the upper right corner of the sixth sound hole, making the musical instrument's range reach two and a half octaves. , and also has the function of transposition. The functions of the alto and treble flutes are similar. The difference is that the alto flutes are one octave lower than the treble flutes. Compared with the first two, the double-tube fine bamboo basket is a pair of high-pitched fine bamboo baskets of the same size and pitch connected side by side, with a whistle installed on the tube of each bamboo basket. When playing, you can either play a single pipe and produce a single tone, or you can hold two pipe whistles in your mouth and produce two tones of the same height. In addition, the double-tube fine flute can also play the harmonies of thirds, fourths and fifths, and the volume is much louder than the single-tube fine flute. The sound is melodious and clear, and the playing skills are more difficult.
Flute
It is a popular wind instrument in China. Because it is made of natural bamboo, it is also called "bamboo flute".
The flute is made of a bamboo tube with knots removed from the inside. There is a blow hole, a membrane hole and six sound holes on the tube body. The blow hole is the first hole in the flute, through which airflow blows, causing the air in the tube to vibrate and produce sound. The membrane hole is the second hole of the flute, which is specially used to attach the membrane. The membrane is mostly made of reed membrane or bamboo membrane. When the membrane vibrates by the air flow, it emits a crisp and mellow sound.
Although the flute is short and simple, it has a history of seven thousand years. About 4,500 years ago, the flute was changed from bone to bamboo. At the time of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty at the end of the 1st century BC, the flute was called "Horizontal Blowing". It was... >>
Question 6: What are the common Chinese national musical instruments such as those in Neolithic culture? The bone whistle unearthed at the Hemudu site in Zhejiang, the Jiahu bone flute in Wuyang County, Henan (the earliest flute dates back to about 8,000 years ago), the xun unearthed from Banpo Village in Xi'an at the Yangshao Cultural site, the stone chime and the wooden python unearthed from the Yin Ruins in Anyang, Henan Leather drum; bells, chimes, hanging drums, jiangu, ⒐g, ⑴ peng, III, harp, etc. unearthed from the tomb of Zeng Hou Yi in Suixian County, Hubei Province (buried in 433 BC). These ancient musical instruments show people the wisdom and creativity of the Chinese nation. Typical musical instruments: sheng, reed, pansheng, cucurbit flute, flute, pipe, bawu, xun, suona, and xiao. All musical instruments: wooden leaves, paper, bamboo tube (Dong people), snail flute (Zhuang people), Zhaojun (Han people), Tuliang (Jingpo people), Sibusi, Er (Kazakh people), flute (Han people), Bark pipe (Miao nationality), bamboo trumpet (Nu nationality), Xiao (Han nationality), shakuhachi, nose flute (Gaoshan nationality), flute (Han nationality), pan flute (Han nationality), dong flute (Dong nationality), bamboo whistle (Han nationality) ), Panxiao (Han), Duo (Kemu), Chi (Han), Xun (Han), Bei (Tibetan), Zhanjian (Miao), Sister Xiao (Miao), Dongdongkui (Tujia), Pinda (Li nationality), (Kouli)lie (Li nationality), Suona (Han nationality), Guan (Han nationality), Shuangguan (Han nationality), Throat pipe (Han nationality), Mangtong (Miao nationality), Sheng (Han nationality), Lusheng ( Miao, Yao, Dong), Quesuo (Hani), Bawu (Hani), whistle (Oroqen).
Plucked instruments
There are two types of plucked instruments in my country: horizontal and vertical. Horizontal type, such as: zither (guzheng and modified zither), guqin, dulcimer and duxianqin, etc.; vertical type, such as: pipa, ruan, yueqin, sanxian, Liuqin, Tambula and Zhamu Nie, etc. The sound of the instrument is bright and crisp. There are two ways to play with the right hand: wearing false nails and playing with a plectrum. The skills of the right hand are fully utilized, such as playing, picking, rolling, wheeling, hooking, wiping, buckling, slicing, whisking, dividing, tapping, shooting, lifting, picking, etc. The richness of the skills of the right hand also promotes the development of the left hand's pressing, chanting, pulling, shaking, twisting, pushing, pulling, bending, vertical and rising skills.
Most of the instruments played, except the duxianqin, have a strong rhythm, but the lingering sound is short, and long tones must be played in a rolling or rotating manner. Plucked instruments generally have little change in intensity. In the band, except for the guqin, which has a weak volume, the other instruments have strong sound penetration. Except for the duxianqin, the plucked instruments mostly use yards (or columns) to divide the pitch. The vertical type uses phases and frets to divide the pitches, which are divided into two types: phaseless and fretless. Except for ordinary zithers arranged according to the pentatonic scale, they are generally easy to modulate. Various types of instruments play overtones to great effect. Except for the duxianqin, all instruments can play double tones, ***, pipes and interval jumps. There are many styles of playing musical instruments in my country, and the names and symbols of playing techniques are also inconsistent. Typical musical instruments: pipa, zither, dulcimer, lyre (guqin), hot wapu, Tambula, Nguyen, Liuqin, three-stringed lute, yueqin, and Tanbuer. All musical instruments: metal mouth strings (Miao) (Kirgiz), bamboo strings (Yi), bows (Gaoshan), pipa (Han), ruan (Han), Yueqin (Han), Qinqin (Han), Liuqin (Han nationality), Sanxian (Han nationality), Rewafu (Han nationality), Tambula (Kazakh nationality), Zhamunie (Tibetan nationality), Zheng (Han nationality), Guqin (Han nationality), Gayeqin (Korean nationality) , vertical harp, wild goose pillar harp. Percussion instruments
my country’s national percussion instruments have many varieties, rich skills, and distinctive national styles. According to their different pronunciations, they can be divided into: 1. Sounding copper, such as: large gongs, small gongs, cloud gongs, large and small cymbals, bells, etc.; 2. Sounding wood, such as: boards, clappers, wooden fish, etc.; 3. Leather, Such as: large and small drums, plate drums, row drums, elephant foot drums, etc. Our country's percussion instruments are not only rhythmic instruments, but each percussion group can play independently, which plays an important role in setting off the music content, dramatic plots and enhancing the expressiveness of the music. National percussion instruments are also often used in Western orchestras in my country. National percussion music can be divided into two types: those with fixed pitch and those without fixed pitch. Those without fixed pitches include: large and small drums, large and small gongs, large and small cymbals, boards, bangs, bells, etc. Those with fixed pitches include: timpani drums, row drums, cloud gongs, etc. Typical musical instruments: Tanggu (big drum), bells, cylinder drums, timpani cylinder drums, bronze drums, Korean janggu,... >>
Question 7: The history of panpipes The origin of panpipes It is difficult for us to test when. Archaeologists have provided us with this speculation: About 7,000 years ago, one day, some primitive Han people were passing through a bamboo forest and found a half-cut bamboo that had been broken by the wind. It was swaying in the wind and making a beautiful sound at the same time. One of them cut a bamboo pipe, held it in his hand, covered the bottom of the bamboo pipe with his other hand, and then blew the bamboo pipe, and it made a beautiful sound. At this time, other people took action. They cut bamboo tubes of different lengths and thicknesses to make independent and different sound tubes. This was the earliest "single-tube panpipe". Playing this kind of panpipe is not an easy task. Each player holds an independent sound pipe and arranges it in a certain sequence. They have to play according to the conductor's instructions. Of course, each person can only play one fixed pipe. sound. Later, someone discovered that if these sound pipes were arranged and bundled, they could form an independent musical instrument, and each one could play a complete piece of music independently. This resulted in the panpipe with practical value. The panpipe is a musical instrument invented and used by the Han people. It can be regarded as a regular musical instrument in new century music. In China, based on the examination of unearthed cultural relics, the panpipe should be a national musical instrument. In the Mogao Grottoes in Dunhuang, China, there is a mural of the "Music Buddha" holding a panpipe in both hands. In history, it had many names, such as Sancha, Yunxiao, Fengxiao, etc. It was also called Xiao. However, in the Yuan Dynasty, the official name was panpipe to distinguish it from the single-tube Xiaoguan (dongxiao). Each panpipe produces a sound, and the number of pipes varies. In ancient times, the panpipe consisted of 10 to 24 pipes. The earliest panpipe discovered so far in the world is a bone panpipe from the early Western Zhou Dynasty in China 3,000 years ago. This panpipe is made of 13 poultry leg bones of decreasing length. The longest tube is 32.7 cm and the shortest tube is 11.8 cm. This panpipe was unearthed from the tomb of Changzikou in Taiqinggong Town, Luyi County in 1997. When it was unearthed, there were traces of belts on the pipe body. This panpipe is now in the Henan Provincial Museum. The earliest surviving stone panpipe was unearthed from Chu Tomb No. 1 in Xiasi, Xichuan, Henan. It was carved from a single piece of limestone and has 13 pipes. It is 2,500 years old. Judging from the binding carvings on its waist, it must be a bamboo raft. An imitation of the flute.
The two earliest surviving bamboo panpipes were unearthed from the tomb of Zeng Marquis Yi during the Warring States Period, more than 2,400 years ago. They have a unique shape, like a wing of a phoenix. They are composed of 13 thin bamboo tubes of different lengths arranged in sequence, with three It is made of thin bamboo tubes intertwined together, and the surface is decorated with black and red triangular patterns on the surface. In ancient times, male and female panpipes often played in an ensemble, complementing each other, like a male and female duet. In the Shoso-in of Todaiji Temple in Nara, the ancient capital of Japan, there are still two panpipe relics from the Tang Dynasty in China. At that time, it was called "Ganzhu Law" in the "Todaiji Temple Offering Account". One has 12 tubes, made of rafters and leather straps, 30.5 cm high; the other has 7 tubes, 23.5 cm high. Both branches were broken, and paper plugs were stuffed inside the old tubes to facilitate adjustment. They were later repaired and restored, and their shapes are very strange. In the Chinese Music Research Institute in Beijing, there is a collection of panpipes made during the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty (1736-1795), with a total of 16 pipes. Each pipe is engraved with the name of the music. The workmanship is very exquisite, the shape is beautiful, and the original frame There are also two golden dragons rising into the clouds, which are full of national style. In 1981, the Jilin Provincial Opera House independently developed a double-row keyed panpipe. This kind of panpipe has a wide range of sounds and can play both melodious and soothing music as well as lively and light music. "The Book of Songs? Zhou Song? You Gu": "The flutes and pipes are raised together, roaring and swallowing, and the flutes and yongs are singing harmoniously. The ancestors listened." "Erya? Shiyue": "The big flute is called the word, and the small one is called the R." Du You of the Tang Dynasty's "Tongdian Le Si": "Cai Yong said: Xiao is made of bamboo and has a bottom. The big one has twenty-three pipes; the small one has sixteen pipes. The long one is turbid, the short one is clear. It is made of beeswax. The bottom and the increase and decrease are harmonious. "Panpipes are mostly made of bamboo, and the arrangement of panpipes is usually in the shape of a single wing, usually from left to right, according to the pentatonic or heptatonic scale. Arranged in a double-winged manner, they are spread out according to the six laws and six luxuries. The name "panpipe" originated from "Yin Hua Lu" written by Zhao U in the Tang Dynasty. "Zhu Ziyu Lei": "Today's flute is an ancient flute, and the flute is an ancient flute. The flute is also a panpipe." The Yuan Dynasty officially called the ancient flute "panpipe". "Historical Records of Rites and Music of the Yuan Dynasty": "Two bamboo plays were played in the front, four flutes were played, four flutes were played, four played were played, four songs were played, and they were divided into left and right parts." From the perspective of the structure of the pipe body, the rows recorded in historical records There are two types of flutes: open tubes and closed tubes. Closed tubes dominate. Use wax to seal the bottom and adjust the pitch of each tube. "Qing Huidian Musical Instruments": "The panpipes are divided into sixteen bamboo tubes and eight yin and yang. From left to right, they are arranged with twice the rhythm and six regular rhythms; from right to left, they are arranged with twice the rhythm and six regular rhythms. The diameter of the sixteen tubes is two centimeters and four millimeters, and their length... >>
Question 8: What are the national musical instruments? They are unique musical instruments of China. The most popular musical instruments are qin, zither, Xiao, flute, erhu, pipa, silk and bamboo, and drums, which are the unique musical instruments of China.
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Pre-Qin Period
According to unearthed cultural relics and documentary records, the musical instruments of the Pre-Qin Period included drums, harps, bi drums, Ying drums, Tian drums, county drums, bells, yong, Nan, zheng and chimes. , fou, braided pan, bell, pottery bell, Ya, Zhu,, and, luan, reed, whistle (made of pottery, bone, etc.), xun, a,, Yan, Xiao, Guan, Chi, Sheng, Qin, Se , buildings, etc. In primitive society, the emergence of musical instruments was closely related to myths and legends, worship of gods, folk dances, working life, etc. After entering class society, musical instruments were used in addition to religious and ceremonial occasions. Mainly for the entertainment and enjoyment of the rulers, the musical instruments are exquisite and luxurious, and the scale is getting larger and larger. For example, it is recorded in "Lu's Spring and Autumn Annals": "Xia Jie and Yin Zhou used drums, bells, chimes, etc. as extravagant music." The sound of the pipe and the flute is beautiful in the sense of being huge, and is appreciated by the crowd; it is strange and rare that the ears have never heard it, and the eyes have never seen it. ”
From the Qin and Han Dynasties to the Wei and Jin Dynasties
The main musical instruments that appeared at that time were zither, pipa (in two different shapes, Qin Hanzi and Ruan Xian), flute, fangxiang, konghouse ( That is, the zither, pipa, and flute are the accompaniment instruments of "Xianghe Song". During this historical period, a large number of foreign instruments were absorbed. For example, with the introduction of percussion music, the zither, horn, zhongming, and other instruments were also used. Wind instruments such as Changming and Qiang flute. Due to the interaction with the culture of the Western Regions, the main musical instruments introduced are the vertical harp, Persian pipa (i.e. Quxiang pipa), and the vertical harp, which was also introduced to my country during the Wei and Jin Dynasties. Xiang Pipa was introduced to the Gansu area through India and Xinjiang around 350 AD. According to the "Book of Liang Jian Wen Di Ji", it was introduced to the south at least in 551 AD (Northern and Southern Dynasties).
Musical instruments during the Sui and Tang Dynasties
During the Sui and Tang Dynasties, due to further cultural exchanges in the Western Regions, the number of musical instruments increased sharply. Especially drum instruments, this may be due to the development of song and dance music. Percussion instruments include copper cymbals, clappers, festival drums, stick drums, waist drums, Yubao drums, drums, Jie drums, Qi drums, Dan drums, Jie drums, Dutan drums, Maoyuan drums, Tara drums, and Jilou drums. There are more than 10 kinds of stringed instruments, including duxianqin, three-stringed qin, xiqin, zither, wind-headed harp, five-stringed pipa, and xiqin. There are more than 20 kinds of peach skin, peppercorns and so on. An important change in musical instruments during this period was the emergence of the stringed instruments Jia Zheng and Xi Qin, which opened up a new field of musical instrument performance.
Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing
During this period, stringed instruments experienced outstanding changes and development. Following the Xi Qin, the Mawei Huqin appeared in the Song Dynasty. Also found in records are the huqin, daruan, five-stringed ruan, yueqin, huluqin, Bohaiqin, Huobusi, two-stringed instrument, dambula, kitar, labab, fiddle, harzak, and dulcimer. There are more than fifty kinds of string instruments (actually there are far more types of folk string instruments than these). During the Jin and Yuan Dynasties, the wind instrument Suona (also known as Jinkoujiao, Suernai and Suona) was introduced from the north, which once again brought about major changes in the performance combination of drum music, further enriching the drum music in terms of timbre, volume and style. Musical performance. Suona was originally used in military music. For example, in the Sanqu "Chao Tianzi? Ode the Trumpet" in "Mr. Wang Xilou's Yuefu" written by Wang Pan of the Ming Dynasty: "Trumpets and consonants, the tunes are small and the tunes are big. The official ships come and go in a mess, all relying on you to raise your status. Military The army is worried and the people are afraid. What is true and false? What you see is blowing up this house and hurting that house. The water is blown away and the geese fly away! According to the records of "Sancai Tuhui", suona has been used among the people in the Ming Dynasty.
Body-sounding instruments
(1) Percussion body-sounding instruments: dingdong, wooden stick qin, rhyme board, kino bamboo tube, bamboo qin, gong, clang, singles,, Bronze drums, etc.
(2) Mutual sounding instruments: sticks, bronze mirrors, bamboo clappers, bamboo poles, cymbals, cloth cymbals, breast cymbals, head cymbals, two cymbals, small cymbals, cymbals, big cymbals, Sneeze, cymbals, small cymbals, bump cups, bump bells, waist bells, kuosuke, bench, other stones, other stones, bone boards, etc.
(3) Percussive musical instruments: pestle, bamboo pounding tube, bamboo tube, Yao bamboo tube, aga, etc.
(4) Shaking musical instruments: Lianxiang stick, Sabayi, Reba bell, Panling, Vajra bell, Yao bell, Shaman bell, shaking bell, string bell, copper bell, eight bells Treasure copper bells, master swords, etc.
(5) Comprehensive musical instruments: bamboo reeds, Dandao reeds, iron reeds, Xibe iron reeds, etc.
Membrane-sounding musical instruments
(1) Membrane-sounding musical instruments: big drum, Zhuang’s farming, Yao’s big drum, water... >>
< p> Question 9: What are the musical instruments of the ethnic minorities? Sheng: HanThe Morin Qin, called Morinhuer by the Mongolians, is the representative musical instrument of the Mongolian nation
Hulusi and Bawu They are all Yunnan minority musical instruments
The three-stringed calabash flute is derived from the ancient string harp
Tambula
Kazakh instruments mainly include Tambula and Sheletie Er, Sazi, Jietegen and Pikli, etc.
Dulongqin, mouth string, cucurbit flute, dragon headqin, morinqin, laoxian, twelve muqam, biwang, firebusi, Labup, Jialing, Sabayi.