Children’s lives are inseparable from music. Music can cultivate children's emotions, develop their intelligence, and plays an irreplaceable role in promoting personality and cultivating innovative abilities.

Spontaneous musical behavior is a variety of music-related behaviors that children naturally produce according to their own wishes under the organization or guidance of non-teachers. The research field of this study is the third class of Kindergarten A in Shanghai. All the children in the third class, two teachers and the parents of the children are taken as the research objects. Research methods such as observation, interview, questionnaire survey and case analysis are used to use naturalistic education. Theory, human development ecology theory, and positive emotion theory are used as theoretical basis to explore the types, characteristics, and influencing factors of spontaneous musical behavior of 5-6-year-old children.