Abstract: The euphonium is a brass instrument in the wind instrument series, also known as "Wagner Tuba" (WAGNERTUBA). A stage musical by the nineteenth-century German composer Wagner called for an instrument with a softer timbre than the trombone, a brighter sound than the French horn, and a sound somewhere in between. In 1851, Moritz of Germany made such an instrument for Wagner, which was later called the "Wagner Tuba" by Strauss and other musicians. So, what are the precautions for the use and maintenance of euphonium? 1. Introduction to Chinese and English

The key types of euphonium can be divided into two types: vertical keys and flat keys. Similar in appearance to the euphonium and alto horn, the sound range is slightly different. The euphonium is known as the lyric tenor in the band. Its timbre is simple and generous, soothing and melodious. The broad and elegant melody in the middle of the familiar "Welcome March" is mainly played by the euphonium. There is another type of tenor horn called the Wagner Tuba (Wagnertuba), which was first born in the 19th century. At that time, a stage musical by German composer Richard Wagner required a trumpet that was softer than a trombone and brighter than a French horn. The instrument was made by Moritz in Germany in 1851. Its size was smaller than the tuba but very similar to the tuba at that time.

2. Euphonium fingering

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Bass area: #4___5_|_#5|__6__ |#6_||7|_|

Alto range: 1|||#1___2_|_#2|__3__|4_||#4|_|5|||#5|__6__| #6_||7|_|

Treble area: 1|||#1__|2_||#2|_|3|||4_||#4|_|5|||# 5|__6__|#6_||7|_|

Ultra-treble area: 1|||2|||3__|4_||

Third, euphonium Maintenance and use

Music instruments such as tenor, alto or baritone are collectively called alto horns. There are two styles of euphonium: vertical key type (piston type) and flat key type (rotary valve type). In the past few years, flat key types were generally connected using conical iron screws and nails. This structure has two disadvantages: First, because the screws are tapered, if they are tightened too tightly, the keys will become inflexible; if they are tightened too loosely, the screws will easily move out or even be lost. Second, the long-term push-pull wear of the keys causes the connecting rod to penetrate the nail holes into a duck-egg shape, which increases metal collision and noise. Later, after improvements, a round sphere was used as the connecting rod push-pull joint, and screws were used to control the tightness, which solved the problem caused by wear. However, due to insufficient workmanship precision, screws are often lost, causing a lot of trouble to users.

Here are some ways to prevent loss.

The first reason for loss is that the outer buckle and the inner buckle are not tightly closed, which is caused by being too loose. So we need to solve the problem of excessive looseness. We can first remove the screws and use wire cutters to shrink the nut a little. Because there is a gap in the nut, be careful when applying force. Don’t use too much force, and don’t use force in one place. Apply force on both sides of the gap, do not shrink too much, until it is suitable, then tighten the screws and adjust them to the appropriate position. Then just adjust the screws directly to the appropriate position and glue them on. When using "502" glue, you can first dip a little glue on the tip of the thin wire and apply it on the screws. Do not apply too much to avoid sticking the spherical connecting rod. The tenor was changed to a cardan shaft again, which made up for the shortcomings of the first two productions, and can be said to be a step forward.

Imported tenors generally have fine workmanship, especially the key pistons do not need to be disassembled. After each use of the instrument, to remove moisture from the tube, turn on the water release button to remove it. Then wipe the surface of the instrument clean with a soft cloth and put it back into the instrument case. Do not place it randomly to prevent bumps.

Conduct maintenance on the instrument once a month. First rinse the inner tube and piston with tap water, drain the water, and then oil the key. Drop one to two drops of white oil or sewing machine oil on the upper and lower shafts of the key. The piston can be filled inside through the tuning tube. The copper pipe piston oil must be applied. After oiling, move the key a few times to allow the oil to fully contact.

Then drop a little pure oil on the movable parts of the key lever, the key spring parts and the connecting rod screws. Also put a drop of pure oil on the water door key and spring. Then unplug each tuning tube, first remove the dirt on the inner and outer tubes, and then apply some Vaseline lubricant on the tubes. First, rotate the single tube and insert it in, so that the oil is applied to all parts, and both tubes are After turning and lubricating, insert the two tubes at the same time and pull them a few times.

Note that when extubating the tube, the force should be exerted in the direction of the tube and not deflected, especially the general tuning tube, one thick and one thin, one long and one short. If the force is deflected, It is easy to cause pipe damage.

Some imported tenor instruments have a water receiving device on the back cover of the piston. The back cover usually does not move, so it is easy to rust. Cleaning should be done once a month. First remove the water pipe, then open the upper and lower covers, take out the piston key, wipe the inner tube and piston clean with a clean cloth, apply some copper pipe piston oil on the key and install it. Just a few times. A small amount of Vaseline lubricant or pure white oil should also be applied to the back cover screws to prevent them from rusting and becoming unable to be removed.

In addition, when putting items such as mouthpieces and horn oils into the instrument box, be careful to have a fixed place and do not allow the items to move back and forth in the instrument box to prevent these items from entering the trumpet. , got stuck inside the horn, causing a dilemma and affecting the performance.