1. Read the classical Chinese text "The Urn Hat" and answer the questions
The original text of the "Urban Hat" is that his father was able to hold his head, and his face reached the top, and he could no longer see anything. Every time he held it, he walked around. He also felt pain in his nose and stuffy breath. However, he said that the hat only fit like this, and he often wore it without pain. Even sores appeared on his nose and calluses formed on his neck, and he refused to take it off.
After wearing a hat, he often sits but dare not walk. Translation: During the Liang Dynasty, there was a man whose whole family was a prostitute. He asked his son to go to the market to buy a hat. He said to him: "I heard that hats are used to cover the head. If you buy me a hat, it must be big enough to fit my head."
"His son went to the market to look for a hat. The merchant gave him a black coarse silk hat. He saw that the hat was folded and not opened. He said that it couldn't accommodate his head. Just walk away without looking. I went to various shops and could not find any hats all day long.
Finally, I went to a pottery store and saw a large-mouthed urn. Since its big and empty belly was just the right place for my head, I thought it was a hat and bought it home. His father used it to wear it on his head, and it was covered from the top of his head to his entire face. He could no longer see. Every time he wore it, his nose hurt, and it was very stuffy (he had difficulty breathing). ; But I think hats should be like this, so I often bear the pain of wearing them, so that I get sores on my nose and calluses on my neck, and still refuse to take them off.
Later, every time I wore a hat, I would often sit still and dare not move. Notes 1. plan: plan, prepare 2. 蝝 (zhī): callus.
3. 絁 (shī): coarse silk. 2. Translation of "Wengmao" in classical Chinese
Original text of "Ungmao": In the Liang Dynasty, there was a man who was crazy about furniture and sent his son to the market to buy a hat. He said: "I heard that the hat is intended to hold the head. You buy a hat for me." , the head must be accommodated.
"My son went to the market to look for a hat. A man in the market gave him a soap hat. When he saw that it was folded but not opened, he said that there was no reason to accommodate the head, so he left without caring. After going through all kinds of shops, I can't get what I want every day.
Finally, when he went to the pottery row, he saw a large-mouthed urn. With its round belly, which was exactly where his head was, he said it was a hat and took it away. His father was able to cover his head, and his face was covered all the way to the top, and he could no longer see anything. Every time he put it on, his nose hurt, and his breath was stuffy. However, he said that the hat only fit like this, so he often wore it painfully, even to the top of his nose. There are sores and calluses on the neck that refuse to be removed.
Every time I wear a hat, I often sit but dare not walk. Translation: During the Liang Dynasty, there was a man whose whole family was a prostitute. He asked his son to go to the market to buy a hat. He said to him: "I heard that hats are used to cover the head. If you buy a hat for me, it must be tolerable."
"His son went to the market to look for a hat. The merchant gave him a black coarse silk hat. He saw that the hat was folded but not opened. He said that there was no room for his head. He walked away without looking. I went to various shops and couldn't find any hats all day long.
Finally, I went to a pottery store and saw a large-mouthed urn. Since its big and empty belly was just the right place for my head, I thought it was a hat and bought it home. His father used it to wear it on his head, and it was covered from the top of his head to his entire face. He could no longer see. Every time he wore it to move around, his nose hurt and it was very stuffy (he had difficulty breathing). ; But I think hats should be like this, so I often bear the pain of wearing them, so that I get sores on my nose and calluses on my neck, and still refuse to take them off.
Later, every time I wore a hat, I would often sit still and dare not move. Hope to adopt. 3. Classical Chinese translation of "Zhenzhongji"
In the seventh year of Kaiyuan, a Taoist priest named Lu Weng, who had acquired the magic of immortality, was walking on the road to Handan. The young man is Lu Shengye.
Wearing short brown clothes, riding a green horse, he will be suitable for the fields. He also stops in the mansion and sits on the banquet with the old man, talking and laughing very freely. For a long time, Lu Sheng noticed that his clothes were shabby, so he sighed and said: "A man's life is not harmonious, so he is trapped like this!" Weng said: "Looking at the child's body, there is no suffering and no harm. It is appropriate to talk about harmony. Those who sigh that he is trapped, Why?" Sheng said, "I am a child, so what is suitable?" Weng said, "This is not suitable, but what is suitable?" He replied: "A scholar should make achievements and become a general in his life." Entering the prime minister, eating in the cauldron, listening to the sounds, making the clan prosperous and the family fat, then it can be said that it is suitable.
I have always been interested in learning and rich in entertainment, but I was young and purple. Shi. ??Now he is in good health, and he is still working hard. What else can he do if he is not sleepy?
At that time, the host was steaming millet. The old man put his pillow in his bag and gave it to him, saying, "You are sleeping on my pillow, so that your child will be as fit as you want."
”
Translation: In the seventh year of Kaiyuan (Tang Dynasty), there was a Taoist priest named Lu Weng who had obtained the magic of immortality. He walked on the road of Handan, lived in an inn, put away his hat and untied his clothes and belt. Sitting with a bag, he suddenly saw a young man on the road, his name was Lu Sheng. He was wearing short brown clothes and riding a green horse. He was going to work in the fields. He also stopped in the inn. Lu Wengtong sat on a mat and talked very freely.
After a long time, Lu Sheng saw that his clothes were tattered and dirty, so he sighed loudly: "A man is not happy in this world and is embarrassed." That's it! Lu Weng said: "Looking at you, you have no pain or illness. You talk well, but you feel sleepy. Why?" Lu Sheng said, "I am just living an ignoble existence. How can I say anything suitable?" Lu Weng said: "This can't be said to be appropriate, so what do you mean by appropriate?" He replied: "A bachelor's life should be about making meritorious services and becoming a general and prime minister. The cauldrons used to hold food should be arranged in rows. The music you listen to should be selective, so that your family will be more prosperous and your family will be richer." , only then can we say whether it is appropriate. I once devoted myself to studying and became proficient in the six arts (ritual, music, archery, charioteering, calligraphy, and numeracy). I felt that high-ranking officials could be easily obtained.
Now that you are in your prime, you are still working in the farmland. Are you tired or something? "After saying that, his eyes were misty and he wanted to sleep. At that time, the shopkeeper was steaming millet for cooking.
Lu Weng took out a pillow from his bag and gave it to him and said, "If you rest on my pillow, you will be like you. realize your glory like that. "He rested his head on a green pillow, and the two ends of his orifice were placed on his head. When he looked at it, he saw that his orifice was getting bigger and brighter.
So he walked in and went to his home. A few months later, he married Cui Qinghe. The girl's appearance is very beautiful, and her wealth is getting richer.
She will be born in Dayue, and her clothes will become more and more popular. Next year, she will be promoted to Jinshi, and she will be admitted to the secret school. He was transferred to Weinan Wei, and moved to Russia to supervise and censor. He was transferred to the living room to know and make imperial edicts. After three years, he came out of Dian Tongzhou and moved to Shaanxi as a pastoralist. He was good at earthwork by nature. He dug a river eighty miles from Shaanxi to help people in the country, and carved stones to commemorate his virtues. , moved to Bianzhou, led the interview envoy of Henan Province, and was conscripted as Jing Zhaoyin.
At this year, Emperor Shenwu was in charge of Rongdi, and the magnificent earth was visited by Tubo Ximoluo and Zhulong Mangbuzhi. Guasha was captured, and the Jiedushi envoy Wang Junxin was killed. Hehuang was shocked. The emperor thought about the talents of the generals, so he killed the censor Zhongcheng and Hexi Jiedushi. A land of 900 li was built to cover the key points, and the people from the border erected stones on Juyan Mountain to mark it. The favors were extremely great, and he was transferred to the Minister of the Ministry of Personnel and the Minister of the Ministry of Households and the Censor. Qunqing Xixi was greatly disliked by the prime minister, so he was demoted to the governor of Duanzhou for three years. After a few years, he was promoted to Tongzhongshu. /p>
Together with Xiao Zhonglingsong and Pei Shizhongguangting, they have been in power for more than ten years. Jiamo received secret orders three times a day and offered them to Qiwo. He was named the virtuous prime minister and was framed again.
He was imprisoned. The government officials led him to his door and rushed him.
He was frightened and said to his wife: "I live in Shandong. Five hectares of fertile farmland is enough to keep out the cold and cold, so why bother asking for salary? Now at this point, it is impossible to think of riding a green horse on the road of Handan. "He committed suicide with a knife. His wife rescued him and was spared.
All of his victims died. The only one who survived was saved by the official. He died with a reduced crime and was thrown into Huanzhou. A few years later, the emperor realized his injustice and recovered. He was granted the title of Zhongshu Ling and was granted the title of Duke of Yan State.
He was given the title of Jian, Chuan, Wei, and Yi. As a meritorious official, he was passed down as a censor, with the rank of Taichang Cheng, and Ti was the Ten Thousand Years Wei. He was the most virtuous, and at the age of twenty-eight, he was Zuoxiang. His concubines were all from famous families in the world.
There were more than ten grandchildren. Translation: The pillow was made of blue porcelain, with holes at both ends. Lu Sheng turned his head to sleep on the pillow and saw that the holes were getting bigger and brighter (and there was light in the sky). p>
He committed himself and returned home. A few months later, he married a woman named Cui from Qinghe (name of place). This woman was very beautiful and had a rich dowry.
Lu Sheng was very happy, so his clothes, carriages and horses became increasingly bright and grand.
The next year, he passed the imperial examination and took off his civilian clothes. He was appointed as secretary (secretary) and proofreader (official name). According to the emperor's order, he was transferred to Weinan (place name) as a county captain (county name). Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces), was soon promoted to the position of Supervisory Censor, and then to the title of Zhizhi (Official Name) of the Living Room (Official Name). Three years later, he became a local governor in Dianzhou (Place Name), and was promoted to Shaanxi (Official Name). Place name) Dangmu (official name), (he) was fond of water conservancy construction by nature. He opened a river eighty miles from Shaanxi Province and solved the problem of transportation (the ancients mainly relied on waterway transportation). The local people benefited from it. They carved stone tablets to record his merits and changed his post to Bianzhou. A local governor, he went to Henan Province (place name) to serve as an interviewer (official name), and at the emperor's order, he went to the capital to serve as Yin (official name).
At that time, Emperor Shenwu (Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty) was using force to deal with the Rongdi (generally referring to the ethnic minorities on the border) and expand the territory. Mangbuzhi (name of person) captured Guasha (name of place), Jiedushi Wang Junzhu was killed, and the Yellow River and Huangshui (name of river) were in danger. The emperor wanted someone with general talents, so he gave Lu Sheng the official position of Yushi Zhongcheng and Hexi Jiedushi.
(He) defeated the Ronglu (a disparaging name for ethnic minorities), beheaded 7,000 heads, expanded the territory by 900 square miles, and built three large cities to guard key points. The common people in the frontier erected stone tablets to praise him in Juyan Mountain (a place name in today's Gansu Province). Return to the court and follow. 4. "Dream Wolf" classical Chinese reading questions
Complete explanation of the story of "Strange Tales from a Chinese Studio: Dream Wolf" - Chinese 123 online tutoring classical Chinese reading accumulation questions: The old man misses his son who is an official in another place, but But he was horrified and dreamed that all those sitting and lying down in his son's hall were wolves.
Looking around, there are mountains of bones. What's more, the son actually wanted to entertain his father with a dead body.
It turns out that the son has already turned into a wolf because of the unkindness of the officials. The story is extremely horrifying and profoundly satirizes the social reality in those days when corrupt officials were like wolves and tigers.
Original text: Bai Weng, a native of Zhili. The eldest son, Jia Zhen, served in the south, and he was not wasted for two years.
There was a connection between Ding and Ding. Ding Su is unpredictable.
During the conversation, Weng often asked about occult matters, and Ding's dialogue related to fantasy. Weng didn't believe it, but he hesitated. A few days after the farewell, Weng Fang was lying down. When he saw Ding coming again, he invited him to travel with him.
Going from there, we entered a city gate. As we were moving, Ding pointed to a door and said, "This is your nephew." At that time, Weng had a sister who was an order of the Jin Dynasty. He was surprised and said, "Is the bird here?" Ding said: "If you don't believe it, you will know it when you come in."
When the old man came in, he saw his nephew. There were cicadas and embroidered horses in the hall, and there were rows of halberds and banners. No one could pass through. Ding Yi came out and said, "Young Master's office is not far from here. Would you like to see him?" Weng Nuo.
After a while, he arrived at the first place, and Ding said: "It's a man." Peering at the door, he saw a giant wolf in the way, and he was too scared to enter.
Ding said again: "Enter." Entering another door, he saw that those sitting and lying down in the hall were all wolves.
Looking at Qizhong again, there are bones as white as mountains, which makes me more frightened. Ding Nai entered with his body and wings.
Young Master Party A came out from the house and saw his father and Ding Liangxi. Sit less and ask the waiter to fix the dishes.
Suddenly a giant wolf came in with a dead man in its mouth. Weng Zhan stood up in alarm and said, "Who is this?" A said, "Liao Chong cook."
Weng stopped in a hurry. His heart was restless and he was about to speak out, but a pack of wolves blocked his way.
There was no one to advance or retreat. Suddenly, wolves were seen snarling away, running under the bed, or crouching under the bed. Astonished and puzzled, two warriors in golden armor came in with their eyes open and came out with black armor.
The armor fluttered to the ground and turned into a tiger, its teeth clenched. One person drew a sharp sword and wanted to kill its head. One person said: "Don't, don't, don't, this will happen in April next year. It's better for me to knock my teeth."
The teeth of the giant hammer came out, and the teeth fell to the ground. The tiger roared loudly, the sound shook the mountains.
The old man was greatly frightened. He suddenly woke up and realized his dream. Feeling different, he sent people to recruit Ding, but Ding refused to come.
Weng Zhi's dream sent his second son Yi Jia to write a letter of warning and condolences. When he arrived, he saw that his brother's front teeth were all missing. He was frightened and asked about it. He fell off his horse while drunk. When he asked about it, it was the day of his father's dream.
Yihai. Published a letter from my father.
A reading changed his color and said: "This dream is suitable for the ears, so why is it strange?" At that time, those who were on the road were recommended first, so they did not take it as a dream.
My younger brother stayed there for a few days and saw that the hall was full of beetles. He took bribes and talked about it all night long. He shed tears and admonished him to stop him. Jia said: "My younger brother has been living in Hengmao for a long time, so he doesn't know the key to an official career.
The power to depose lies with the people, not with the people. If you are happy when you are on stage, you are a good official; if you love the people, how can you make people happy when you are on stage? "The younger brother knew that he could not dissuade him, so he went back and complained to his father. When he heard about it, he burst into tears.
There was nothing he could do, but he donated money to the family to help the poor, prayed to God every day, and asked for retribution for his rebellious son, so as not to harm his wife and children. Times In the next year, he was recommended to the Ministry of Civil Affairs, and there were many people congratulating him. Weng Wei was lying on his pillow and was sick.
Not long after, he heard that the master and his servant had died. : "The wrath of ghosts and gods will stop at my body. Those who bless my family are not unkind." "
I thanked him for burning incense. Those who comforted him thought that the road was false, but he believed it and set the sun as a sign.
But Jia Gu is not dead. First, in April, Jia was relieved of his duties and was attacked by the bandits just after he left the country.
The bandits said, "We are here to vent the grievances of the people of this town." It’s just for this! "Then he decided to take the lead. He also asked his family: "Who is the one with great success? "Si Gu Jia's confidant helped Zhou to commit cruelty.
The family members pointed out the traitors, and the thieves also killed them. There were also four people who served in the army, and Jia gathered his ministers and brought them into the capital.
——After the search was completed, the money was put into the bag, and he galloped away. He saw a chief official passing by and asked, "Who is the murderer?" "The pioneer said: "A certain county is known as Baizhi County. "
The chief official said: "It is not appropriate for Bai's son to be exposed to such misfortune. Then there was a man who put his head on his head and said, "It is not appropriate for evil people to be upright, but they can be carried on the shoulders." "
Then he left. He recovered when he moved.
The wife went to collect his body. When she saw that there was some remaining breath, she carried it on her trip. She drank it calmly and drank it. But she sent it to the hotel. He was so poor that he could not return.
After half a year, Weng Shi finally sent his second son to return.
Sister Weng has a political voice, and she was appointed as the imperial censor in this year. According to the dream, Yishi said: "Those who lament that the officials in the world are tigers and the officials are wolves are like Bibi.
That is to say, the officials will not be tigers, but the officials will be wolves. Besides, there are those who are more fierce than tigers! The lady cannot take care of her back and ears when she is sick; if Su can make her take care of herself, the teachings of ghosts and gods are very small! "Li Jinshi Kuang Jiu of Zouping was quite honest and honest in his official position. There were often rich people working for Luo Zhi, and the servants frightened him and said: "The official asks you for two hundred gold, so you should do it quickly; otherwise, you will be defeated! "The rich people are afraid, and they promise to prepare half.
Yu can't wave his hand, and the rich people are sad. Yu said: "I will try my best, but I'm afraid I won't listen. When you listen to me, you will see that I am Ruobai. Whether he agrees or not, you can also understand that there is no other in my intention. "
After a while, it was a public matter. The servant knew that Li had stopped smoking and asked, "Do you drink cigarettes?" "Li shook his head.
The officer stepped down and said, "It's appropriate to say the number. The official is not allowed to shake his head. Do you see it? "The rich people believed in it and were afraid of it. They knew that Li was fond of tea and asked him, "Do you want to drink tea?" "Li Zhizhi.
The servant asked him to cook tea, and he went down and said, "How funny! I agree with you, can you see it? "After the trial is concluded, the rich people are exempted, and the servants will collect their buds and ask for money. Woohoo! Officials think they are honest, but scolding those who are greedy is not a good example.
This is another example of letting the wolf do nothing. You know it yourself. There are more people like this in the world, and it can serve as a lesson for those who hold office.
Also, the governor of the city, Yang Gong, has a stubborn nature, and those who provoke his anger will surely die; especially those who are evil officials. Zao, no excuses for minor offenses. No one of the subordinate officials dares to cough when sitting in the hall.
This will be used if someone commits a serious crime. < /p>
An official asked for a heavy bribe, but the people of the city didn't believe it, and said, "If you can do it, how can I repay you!" "It is an alliance with the main force.
After a while, it was a matter of public execution. The people of the city refused to accept it.
The official whispered to the side: "If you don't make a real confession quickly, your Majesty will be shackled to death. That’s it! "The public said angrily: "How do you know that I will use weapons to shackle you? I think the bribe has not yet arrived. "Then he blamed the officials and released the people of the city.
The people of the city repaid the officials with a hundred gold. You must know that there are many deceptions in the wolf, this person will defeat me, and even lose my wealth.
I don’t know where to live. What is the heart of an official who wants to feed his innocent children to mahu? Reference translation: There is an old man named Bai in Hebei. His eldest son Bai Jia is a county magistrate in the south. One day, there is no news about him. A distant relative named Ding came to visit Old Man Bai, and Old Man Bai warmly entertained him.
During the chat, Old Man Bai asked about the underworld. Answers and translation
Original text: Wang Ao ① a daughter, married to Ji Fu ② an official as his wife.
The father-in-law loves his daughter very much. Whenever she welcomes a daughter, her son-in-law will not send her away. The jealous ⑤ said to the girl: "If the ⑥ Weng ⑦ Chang Quan ⑧ moves to the ⑨ capital, you will serve my mother day and night; and moving to me is like shaking the ears of a fallen leaf, so why should you be stingy?" The girl ⑩ sent a message to her mother.
The lady spent the whole night setting up the wine and knelt down to pay homage to the Duke. The Duke was furious and took the case. He wounded his wife with a weapon. He went out to drive and stayed in the court room. He returned home ten days later.
My son-in-law is out of tune. Notes: ① Wang Ao (1384-1467): Born in Wangmaoquan Village, Mengcun County, Hebei Province today, with the courtesy name Jiugao, he was a minister of the Ming Dynasty.
Chengzu Zhu Di was a Jinshi during the Yongle period; he was a censor during the reign of Emperor Xuanzong. When Emperor Yingzong ascended the throne, he promoted You Qiandu to be the imperial envoy and went out to control Jiangxi.
In 1442 (the seventh year of the Yingzong reign), he was appointed admiral to Liaodong Military Affairs. After he arrived in the town, he immediately repaired the city walls, dug deep ravines, set up beacons, trained soldiers, rectified military discipline, and strengthened border defense.
Later he was promoted to right deputy governor. In 1447 (the twelfth year of Yingzong's reign), he was appointed as the imperial envoy to Youdu for his success in conquering Wuliangha.
In 1452 (the third year of Jingtai reign of Emperor Zhu Qiyu), he was transferred to the post of governor-general of military affairs in Guangdong and Guangxi. The following year, he was promoted to Minister of the Ministry of Personnel, and his selection was not based on personal favoritism.
After the restoration of Emperor Yingzong, he called him to the diary and called him sir instead of his name. ② Jifu: the area near the capital.
③ Gong: refers to Wang Ao. ④ Send: let go; send away.
⑤ Angry: angry, angry. ⑥ And: through "er", yours.
⑦ Weng: Father, refers to Wang Ao. ⑧ Changquan: The chief who selects officials.
⑨ Move: transfer. ⑩ Female: Refer to “ru”, you.
⑾ Bai: report. ⑿ Case: table.
⒀ Driving: riding in a carriage. ⒁ Chaofang: The room in the imperial court for duty.
⒂ Xun: Ten days make up one Xun. ⒃ Actually: finally.
Question: 1. Use "/" to divide the rhythm of the following sentences. The wife was injured with a weapon in the case. ⒉Explain the meaning of the underlined words below.
⑴ Moved to my post in Beijing ( ) ⑵ The wife was injured with a weapon when taking the case ( ) ⑶ The son-in-law was not transferred ( ) ⒊ Translate the following sentences in modern Chinese. And if Weng Changquan moves me to the capital, you will serve my mother day and night; moving me is like shaking the ears of a fallen leaf, so why should you be stingy? ⒋Whenever the father-in-law welcomes a daughter, why does the son-in-law not send her away? ⒌Faced with his son-in-law’s request, did Wang Ao satisfy him? From this, we can see what kind of person Wang Ao is? ⒍Some people say that today's society is a relationship society, not to mention relatives helping each other with things, even between relatives and friends, there is nothing wrong with doing things for convenience.
What do you think of this kind of human society? Answer: ⒈Take the weapon from the case/injure the wife ⒉ ⑴Tune. ⑵Table.
⑶Finally. ⒊Your father is the chief official who selects officials. He transferred me to the capital as an official, so you can stay with your mother all day long.
Besides, moving me is as easy as shaking off a leaf, so how can I be stingy? ⒋I want my father-in-law to transfer him to the capital. ⒌No.
Wang Ao is an upright person who enforces the law impartially and does not show favoritism. ⒍In a humane society, you cannot violate principles or laws when doing things, and you must abide by social morality and legal order.
Translation: One of Wang Ao's daughters married an official near the capital. Wang Ao's wife loved her daughter very much. Every time she wanted her to go home, her son-in-law would not let her go.
He said angrily to his wife: "Your father is the chief who selects officials. If he transfers me to the capital as an official, you can stay with your mother all day long. Besides, transferring me is as easy as shaking up. How could there be anything to be stingy about fallen leaves? So the daughter told her mother what she thought. The lady prepared wine and food that day, and knelt down to report to Wang Ao. Wang Ao was very angry, picked up the utensils on the table and injured his wife, and went out. Go and live in the court house by carriage for ten days before returning home. In the end, the son-in-law was not transferred. 6. Read the following two paragraphs and complete the questions
Question 1: (1) Face to face accusation ( 2) A full year
Small question 2: The fisherman (Old Man) benefits from the quarrel between snipe and clam in the court.
Small question 3: (1) This is to defeat others in the court country. Or: This is the improvement of internal affairs, and we can defeat the enemy country without sending troops. (2) So I hope that you, your Majesty, will consider this matter carefully.
(2 points)
Question 4: Zou Ji wanted to dissuade King Wei of Qi from opening up his voice, improving politics, and making the country strong; Su Dai wanted to dissuade King Zhao Hui from attacking Yan to prevent Qin from benefiting from it. (Just roughly correct, 2 points for each of the 2 main points)
Question 1: Question analysis: (1) The "face" in "face tattoo" is a noun as an adverbial, translated as "in person" , "thorn" means "to point out, accuse", "face stab" means "to accuse face to face"; (2) "Qi Nian" here means "full year", which is two words in modern Chinese The word "period" means "anniversary; a period of time", etc., and "year" means "the time it takes for the earth to orbit the sun; period, era" and so on.
Comments: Memorizing and understanding the meaning of classical Chinese words is one of the focuses of the classical Chinese reading test. Specific requirements include accurately understanding the common meanings of content words; identifying Tongjia characters and their original characters, and explaining their meanings; correctly understanding the meaning of polysemy in a specific language environment; accurately understanding the ancient meanings of ancient and modern synonyms, etc. Of course, to understand common classical Chinese content words, one must "do not separate the words from the sentences and the sentences without leaving the text." You can use the meanings of the classical Chinese words you have learned and understand them in conjunction with the context.
Question 2: Analysis of test questions: (1) The idiom "A gate is like a city" can be analyzed from "At the beginning of the order, all the ministers came to admonish, and the gate is like a market"; (2) From "The two are unwilling to give up, "The fishermen get what they want and the birds get together" can be analyzed into the idiom "When the snipe and the clam fight, the fisherman (Weng) gets the benefit". Students just don't write the wrong words when doing the questions.
Comments: This question is not difficult. Many idioms come from ancient classical Chinese texts. Students only need to be able to understand the content of the selected texts and pay attention to their daily accumulation.
Question 3: Question analysis: When translating (1), pay attention to the accurate translation of "yu (in)". When translating (2), pay attention to the words "therefore (so)", "wish (hope)", "ripe (detailed, thorough)", "plan (consider)", "zhi (refer to what was mentioned above)" thing)" and other translations are accurate.
Comments: Sentence translation is also a common test question in classical Chinese reading. When translating a sentence, you should pay attention to grasping the key sentences in the sentence and translate the key sentences accurately. In addition, you should also pay attention to the special sentence patterns. When translating, try to be smooth, fluent, and have clear meaning.
Question 4: Analysis of the test question: From the two sentences "From this point of view, the king's concealment is very deep" and "This is the so-called victory over the court", it can be analyzed that Zou Ji used the method of metaphorical reasoning. , and euphemistically persuaded King Wei of Qi to open up his voice, improve politics, and make the country strong; from "Now Zhao is conquering Yan, and Yan and Zhao have been supporting each other for a long time to hide the public. I am afraid that Qin will become a fisherman. Therefore, I hope the king will be familiar with it." It's a plan!" This sentence can be analyzed: Su Dai was trying to dissuade King Zhao Hui from attacking Yan to prevent Qin from benefiting from it.
Comments: Judging from the format of this type of test questions in the high school entrance examination in recent years, the answer requirements are divided into two types, that is, the answer is required to be expressed in the words of the text, or the answer is expressed in your own words. Judging from the content of the questions, all questions focus on the plot or characters in the story, with the purpose of testing whether the candidates understand the story. Once the candidate understands the passage correctly, there is basically no difficulty in answering such questions. However, if the candidate does not understand the passage, the accuracy of such questions cannot be guaranteed. Therefore, the key to answering this question first lies in the overall understanding of the passage. That is, read the story. Then, you need to review the topic first and then look for the content. The answers to this type of questions can basically be found in the original text, but finding the answers is not blind. You have to see what the question is asking about, and then look for it in a targeted manner. If the content understanding is expressed in their own words, then students should learn to summarize and summarize based on the text content. 7. Send the explanation and answers to Dongyang Ma Shengxu
Buddy.
What explanation and answer?
== Make it clear.
I will just give you the translation of the full text and the exercises and answers.
I loved learning when I was young. Because my family was poor and could not buy books to read, I often asked people who collected books to borrow them, copied them by hand, and agreed on a date to return them.
When the weather was extremely cold, the water in the inkstone froze into solid ice and my fingers could not be flexed or extended, but I still did not slack off. After copying, return it to others as soon as possible without exceeding the agreed time limit.
Therefore, most people were willing to lend me books, and I was able to read many books. When I reached adulthood, I admired the teachings of sages more and more, but I was also worried that I would not be able to associate with knowledgeable teachers and celebrities. I once went hundreds of miles away, holding scriptures in hand, to seek advice from my fellow villagers.
The senior has high moral standards and great reputation. His room is crowded with disciples and students, and his words and attitude are never tactful. I stood by his side, asking questions, asking questions, and asking him for advice. Sometimes when I was scolded by him, my expression became more respectful and polite, and I did not dare to reply a word. When he was happy, I would Asked him again.
So even though I am stupid, I still learned a lot in the end. When I was looking for a teacher, I carried a bookcase on my back and dragged my shoes on my back, walking in the deep mountains and valleys. The winter was freezing and windy, the snow was several feet deep, and my feet and skin were frozen and cracked without even realizing it.
When I arrived at the school, my limbs were frozen and I couldn't move. The servants poured hot water on me and covered me with a quilt. It took a long time to warm me up. Staying with the host of the hotel, eating two meals a day, there is no fresh, tender and delicious food to enjoy.
The students in the dormitory are all dressed in brocade clothes, hats with beads and treasures, white jade rings hanging around their waists, knives on the left and sachets on the right, bright and bright. Like a man of God; I am among them wearing shabby clothes, without any envy. Because there are things in my heart that make me happy, I don't feel that the enjoyment of food and clothing is not as good as others.
Such is my hard work and hardship. Exercises: Reading test questions for "Preface to Ma Sheng in Dongyang" Read the following paragraphs and complete the exercises that follow.
The host who lives in reverse travel, eats again and again every day, and does not enjoy the taste of fresh fat. All the students in the same room were embroidered with silk, wearing a hat decorated with Zhuying treasures, a white jade ring on the waist, a sword on the left, and a sword on the right, looking like a god. Those who are happy enough don't know that the worship of words and bodies is not as good as others.
1. The correct interpretation of "she", "waist", "slightly" and "zhi" in the above paragraph is ( ) A. The waist of the house has no feeling B. The waist of the house has a little awareness C. The waist of the house The slightest feeling is hanging on the body D. The slightest knowing is hanging on the waist of the house 2. The correct translation of "日后吃" is ( ) A. The second meal of the day B. Eating two meals a day C. When eating the second meal of the day 3 ."Those who find sufficient joy in reading" refer to () A. The author believes that reading is a happy thing. B. The author thinks that he is poor and can study diligently. This is a happy thing. C. The author thinks that there is something in the book that makes him happy. The gratifying thing 4. The purpose of the author's writing about the luxurious clothes of his fellow students is ( ) A. To highlight his diligence in studying B. To profile the hardship of his living conditions C. To express his disdain for his fellow students D. To express his lack of study Reference answers for those without skills: 1.C 2.B 3.A 4.B Send Dongyang Ma Sheng Preface 1. Accumulation and application 1. Give the phonetic notation for the following highlighted words. ① Love to learn () ② Master () ③ Concubine () ④ Smelly appearance () ⑤ Lin slightly () ⑤ Negative suitcase () 2. Explain the highlighted words in the following sentences.
① There is no way to write a book to observe () ② The four [branch] are stiff and unable to move () ③ There is a [siye, doctor] as a teacher () ④ [Senior] even praise him as a wise man () 3. Explain the usage of the word "一一" in the following sentences. ① To cover with quilts ② Those who are happy enough with them don't know that verbal worship is not as good as that of others ③ Leaning over and listening to greetings ④ So there are many people ①_______②_______③_______④_______ 4. Translate and write its meaning
All students in the same house are embroidered, wearing hats decorated with Zhuying treasures, a white jade ring around their waists, a sword on the left, and a stinking face on the right. If you are a god, I will wear a robe and wear it. There is no hint of admiration. 5. Fill in the blanks according to the original text. Is there any impotence in his work? 2. Read the following. Complete the passages from 6 to 17 questions. (1) I was addicted to learning when I was young.
My family was poor and I could not read the books, so I borrowed them from the library and wrote them down by hand, counting the days to return them. It was very cold, and the inkstone was hard, so I couldn't bend or stretch my fingers.
After recording, I went to see him off, so I didn't dare to miss the appointment a little bit, so I had to watch the group. Book.
Not only do I admire the teachings of sages, but I also worry about the lack of famous teachers and travels. I try to go hundreds of miles away to study the scriptures.
First. Dadelong Wangzun, his disciples filled his room, and he did not hesitate to speak. He stood on the left and right, asking questions, leaning forward to ask questions; Say a word and reply; as soon as he is happy, he will ask again.
Therefore, although I am stupid, I have learned something. When I was a disciple of Jin, I carried my suitcase and my clothes and walked deep into the mountains and huge valleys. There was a strong wind in the cold winter, and the snow was several feet deep, and my skin was chapped but I didn't know it.
At the end of the body, the four limbs are stiff and unable to move. The victorious person holds the soup and fertilizes, and covers it with food quilts. Over time, there will be harmony. If you live in Nishi, you will eat again and again every day, and you will not enjoy the taste of fresh fat.
All the students in the same room were embroidered, wearing hats decorated with red tassels, a white jade ring around the waist, a sword on the left, and a sword on the right, looking like a god. No admiration. Those who are satisfied with it do not realize that the expressions of speech and body are not as good as those of others.
It is more difficult than this to cover my diligence. 6. Translate the following sentences.
① Lean over and listen to the invitation. ②Those who are satisfied with it don’t know that the verbal and physical worship is not as good as others.
7. The incorrect division of reading rhythm in the following sentences is………………………………………………………… () A. Yu/Young At times/that is, I am fond of learning. B. The weather is very cold, the inkstone is hard, and the fingers cannot bend or stretch.
C. Yu Yin/Depan/Guan Qunshu. D. Lean over/tilt your ear/to invite.
8. The author Song Lian used his own personal experience to encourage Ma Sheng to study diligently and find sentences from his personal experience in the reading paragraph. 9. From what aspects does the author talk about his hard study experience? 10. Combined with the text, talk about what kind of hardship and optimism modern middle school students should have? (2) Shu Chickens and Crows Song Lian The people of Doze raise Shu chickens, and there are literary and red crows, and there are a group of other birds that sing all the time.
Suddenly the morning wind passed over it, and the chickens flew with flying wings. The other birds were not caught by the morning wind and went away. Some birds have already come and pecked with the other birds.
Chickens are like brothers, and they are very disciplined with their superiors and subordinates. Wu Xi took the rest of the birds and flew away.
The chicken looked up at Zhang Ran, as if he regretted being sold to him. 11. Try to compare the similarities and differences between the ancient and modern meanings of the following words.
(Ancient meaning ()_ Ancient meaning () ① Text Modern meaning () Modern meaning () Ancient meaning (.