First, the main hazards and injuries of listening to music with headphones:
1. The external ear receives external sounds and causes the tympanic membrane to vibrate along the ear canal. The vibration of the tympanic membrane of the middle ear causes the three small bones of the hammer, the stapes and the hipbone to vibrate, and the sound is transmitted to the inner ear, which can produce nerve impulses. First, let us briefly understand the ear along the impulse.
2. After being converted into nerve energy, the information of sound is transmitted to the brain. After listening to headphones for a long time, the sound pressure directly enters the ear and is transmitted to the thin tympanic membrane, leaving no room for buffering, thus stimulating the endings of the auditory nerve, which is extremely easy to cause auditory fatigue.
3. It causes some systemic adverse effects, such as tinnitus, mild hearing loss, Zhong Er and slight ear pain, etc. There have also been cases of sudden deafness, and some people will have dizziness, brain swelling, difficulty in concentration, decreased sensitivity of thinking reaction and memory, and will become restless and impatient, which will also lead to traffic accidents for people riding bicycles with headphones, and the hearing damage is irreparable.
Second, listening to music with headphones can lead to deafness 3 years earlier, which is the new favorite of a new generation of young people. You can always see "fans" who are addicted to the music world on the streets and buses.
Recently, however, studies in Britain and the United States have pointed out that there are more and more people with tinnitus and hearing loss, and listening to music with headphones for a long time and at a high volume is an important factor, which may even cause young people to be deaf 3 years earlier than the previous generation. Deafness Research, a British hearing research group, conducted a listening questionnaire study for 1, earphone users aged between 16 and 34. The results showed that half of the respondents played music for one hour or more every day, and 14% of the respondents listened to music on MP3 for more than 28 hours a week on average.
The survey also found that more than one third of the respondents said they had tinnitus, indicating that their hearing has been impaired. In addition, nearly 4% of the respondents pointed out that they didn't know that listening to the concert loudly with headphones for a long time would do great harm to their hearing.
after long-term research, some experts have suggested that teenagers listening to music with headphones at high volume for a long time may have lost their hearing at the age of 4, which is 3 years earlier than the previous generation. American research on hearing loss caused by high volume and poor headphones According to a report on the website of New Scientist on the 18th, studies have proved that inner ear earplugs, which are currently used as the standard for many walkmen, will increase the risk of hearing loss. Once the volume exceeds 8% of the maximum volume, the time for listening to music should be shortened within 9 minutes.
"If the volume exceeds this standard only occasionally, or listeners don't often use earplugs to listen to music, the probability of getting ear diseases will be greatly reduced," said Brian Friege, an audiologist in Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, who is the main leader of this study. "Hearing impairment refers to those who plug headphones and turn up the volume very loudly every day." The researchers surveyed 1 students and found that those headphones with poor quality and unable to effectively block noise usually make people turn up the volume unintentionally, which will have a long-term impact on hearing. If the headphones are of good quality and the volume is maintained at 1% to 15% of the maximum volume, even if you listen to music for a long time, your hearing will not be seriously damaged. ?
The research also shows that, for listeners, the volume of inner ear headphones and in-ear headphones is 5.5 decibels higher than that of ear pad headphones. According to Dr. Friege, the process of hearing loss is very slow, and it takes about 1 years to show. The number of outpatients with hearing loss in hospitals has increased year by year. Recently, the author interviewed the otolaryngology departments of several 3A hospitals in Guangzhou, and the increasing number of outpatients confirmed the harm caused by improper use of MP3. The doctor reminded that the saying of "being deaf 3 years early" is not alarmist, and "hipsters" should not listen to music at high decibels for a long time. ?
3. Case 1: A 3-year-old music fan's hearing is similar to that of a 6-year-old doctor in the Department of Otolaryngology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital. Cui Yong once treated a 3-year-old female patient. She loved listening to music and wore MP3 earplugs wherever she went for more than three years, especially in noisy occasions such as shopping and taking a bus. It was not until watching TV at home that the volume was deafening and she was unaware of it, and her family urged her to go to the hospital for examination. After diagnosis, her tympanic membrane was intact and there was no infection in the middle ear. After hearing test, she was diagnosed as sensorineural deafness. The hearing of this female patient declined to the level equivalent to senile hearing impairment in her sixties and seventies. Case 2: dizziness and earache caused by sleeping and listening to music. According to Dr. AARON Li from the Department of Otolaryngology, the First Affiliated Hospital of South University, the number of similar cases now has increased from 1-2 a week in previous years to 2-3 a day, and the number is still increasing. Xiao Yuan, a college student who came to see a doctor, said that she usually took MP3 out to listen at school, and put on headphones to listen to music for a while every night before going to bed. Often, MP3 was still playing music, but she was already asleep. Before long, she found that her ears began to hum, and she often couldn't hear clearly, so she had to be repeated many times. Later, the nervous system that developed to the whole body showed abnormal symptoms, often dizziness and headache, which was unbearable and even painful when the ear touched, which seriously affected her study and life. After the doctor's tuning fork examination and pure tone test, it was found that her hearing had dropped by 4 decibels compared with ordinary people. Experts suggest that MP3 should be used properly. For young people, modern society means more temptation and more noise. However, there is no long-term study to analyze the relationship between people's listening habits and hearing diseases in modern society. Therefore, before finding a better solution, correctly selecting and using MP3 is the best way to reduce its negative effects.
fourth, suggestion 1: buy high-quality headphones. Run Linke, director of the Department of Audiology, Eastern Medical Center of Columbia University, suggested that when purchasing headphones, you might as well choose headphones that can block external noise, so as to reduce the chance of increasing the volume of the walkman due to environmental noise. In addition, the headset and ear pad headphones are better than the ear plug headphones. Gertrude, a professor in the Department of Communication and Obstacle Science at Northwestern University in the United States, believes that the sound waves from ear plugs go straight to the inner ear, and the volume is 6-9 decibels higher than that of head-mounted headphones, which is harmful to hearing.
Recommendation 2: Try to listen to music in a quiet environment. Experts believe that once the external environment becomes noisy, the output effect of headphones will be disturbed to varying degrees. In a quiet environment, the output sound effects of several headphones are almost the same. Suggestion 3: It is best to turn down the volume "Don't exceed 6% of the maximum volume." The American Journal of Health suggests that if the maximum volume of the walkman is 3, you can only listen to 18 at most. When others hear the music from your headphones, or you can't hear the sound around you after wearing headphones, it shows that your volume is too loud. Recommendation 4: Reduce the time of listening to music. Generally, the time of listening to music should not exceed one hour every day. After listening for a while, take off your headphones, gently rub them and relax your ears. Moreover, don't wear headphones to sleep, or your ears will continue to be stimulated after you fall asleep, and the villi cells will be damaged a lot unconsciously. According to the comprehensive report, the maximum volume of MP3 is equal to the maximum volume of MP3 player and the take-off sound of jet plane. 1 dB air pressure drilling rig sound 9 dB bar ambient sound 75 dB human ear comfort limit 7 dB street ambient sound 5 dB normal conversation sound.